Presidential hill, USA

Mount Rushmore

synonym

Mount Rushmore is generally referred to as Mount Rushmore

Mount Rushmore National Memorial Park is a United States presidential Memorial Park located near kistone, South Dakota. In the park, there are four 60 foot (about 18 meters) portraits of famous former presidents in American history. They are Washington, Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt and Lincoln. These four presidents are considered to represent the 150 year history of the United States since the founding of the people's Republic of China. The park covers an area of 1278 acres (5.17 square kilometers), with the highest elevation of 5725 feet (1745 meters). The park is managed by the National Park Service, a branch of the U.S. Department of the interior. It attracts about two million visitors a year.

In 1885, Charles E. Rushmore, a famous lawyer in New York, named a granite mountain near his mine in Braque mountain, South Dakota, as "Rushmore mountain" by his surname, which is the origin of the name of Rushmore mountain. Several decades later, when the construction plan of Mount Rushmore National Memorial Park was officially launched, Rushmore himself donated $5000. The original intention of building the sculpture on Mount Rushmore was to attract more people to visit Mount Blake. However, the construction plan triggered a long-standing debate between the US Congress and then President Calvin Coolidge. In the end, the construction plan was approved by Congress. The whole project started in 1927 and was completed in 1941.

Now, Mount Rushmore has become not only a world-class tourist attraction, but also a symbol of the president of the United States in American culture. At the same time, under the influence of contemporary popular culture, Mount Rushmore also derived many other meanings.

Traffic information

Flying from the people's Republic of China to Rapid City Regional Airport

Then drive from sd-244 E and us-16a e to US-16 e, drive from sd-44 exit of elk vale RD to terminal RD of rapid city

brief introduction

Mount Rushmore

In the Black Hills of South Dakota, there is a Mount Rushmore, which is more than 1800 meters high. It is carved with four huge stone statues of Washington, Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt and Lincoln. The face of the stone statue is 18 meters high and the nose is 6 meters long. The four colossus seem to grow out of the mountain. The mountain is the image, and the image is the mountain. The Colossus is integrated with the surrounding lakes and mountains, forming a famous tourist attraction. Every year, more than 2 million tourists from all over the world come here to appreciate the beauty of the colossus.

Mount Rushmore

The statue on the mountain gazes at the countryside in the Black Mountains in the distance. Unlike the stone statues on Easter Island, or the Sphinx in front of the pyramids of Giza in Egypt, which were hundreds of years ago, Mount Rushmore statues are relatively modern masterpieces in the 20th century, because they were only carved between 1927 and 1941. Statue positioning: 43 ° 52 ′ 44.20 ″ n 103 ° 27 ′ 35.36 ″ w

Mount Rushmore is located in the western part of South Dakota. On one side of the granite hill, there are four heads of American Presidents: Washington (1732-1799), Jefferson (1743-1826), Lincoln (1809-1865) and Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919). This 18 meter high work was started in 1927 by sculptor gusson boglem, completed in 1941 and opened to the public in 1942.

The origin of the name

In 1885, Charles E. Rushmore, a famous lawyer in New York, USA

A granite mountain near its mine in Black Hills, South Dakota, is named "Rushmore mountain" after its surname, which is the origin of its name.

In 1883, the discovery of tin ore in Braque Hill attracted the attention of a group of wealthy investors in New York. They commissioned a young lawyer, Rushmore, to make an on-the-spot investigation and investigate the legal risks. After investigation, Rushmore thought that this was a good opportunity and also joined the ranks of investment. He bought mine land in Braque mountain, including Rushmore mountain.

 

A few decades later, when the construction of Mount Rushmore National Memorial Park was officially launched, Rushmore also donated $5000. The original intention of building the sculpture on Mount Rushmore was to attract more people to visit Mount Blake. However, the construction plan triggered a long-standing debate between the US Congress and then President Calvin Coolidge. In the end, the construction plan was approved by Congress. The whole project started in 1927 and was completed in 1941. Today, Mount Rushmore has not only become a world-class tourist attraction, but also a symbol of the president of the United States in American culture. At the same time, under the influence of contemporary popular culture, Mount Rushmore also derived many other meanings.

The history of statues

The Colossus of Mount Rushmore is a masterpiece of human sculpture in the 20th century. It was created by the famous American artist shazian boglon. In 1927, President Coolidge announced that Mount Rushmore would be set up as a national memorial, and the carving project began at the same time. At that time, pogron was over sixty years old, but he devoted all his efforts and energy to this unprecedented art masterpiece, and the whole project was cut off due to funds, weather and other reasons. In 1941, when the project was about to be completed, pogron, the art master, died. His son Lincoln inherited his father's career and finally completed the world-famous project at the end of 1941.

The four giant statues on Mount Rushmore vividly depict the features and expressions of the four presidents.

Washington is like a bust. The head is a round sculpture, which starts from the collar part to relief. The collar on the left turns to relief line carving, retaining the original mountain shape. The collar on the right is carved into relief, and the shoulders and chest are roughly carved because of the mountain shape. Therefore, the head features of the statue are prominent, clear and concentrated. Washington looks at the distance peacefully, his mouth is closed, his brows are slightly locked, and his appearance is obvious He showed a serious and resolute expression, as if full of confidence in victory. The portrait of Washington is the only bust of the four giants, and the other three have only their heads carved.

On the right of the Washington statue is the statue of Jefferson. Jefferson is one of the famous drafters of the declaration of independence. The statue highlights his style and wisdom as a pioneer of the American nation and democratic revolution. His hair is curved, his forehead is prominent, his eyes are bright, his head is slightly raised, his mouth is slightly pursed, which reveals his courage and strength from his leisure.

The statue of Roosevelt is located on the right of the statue of Jefferson. The face of the statue of Roosevelt and the statue of Lincoln are only engraved, the back of the head is connected with the stone mountain, and the neck and chest are not engraved. Roosevelt's head has a slightly retracted jaw, a thick moustache on his lips, deep eyes, locked eyebrows, angular face, and a pair of beautiful glasses, which is in sharp contrast to the resolute shapes of Washington and Jefferson.

On the far right of the four statues is Lincoln, a great man deeply loved by African Americans and the lower class. His words and deeds are consistent. The statues highlight his serious and serious character.

This group of giant statues not only highlights the personality characteristics of each person, but also skillfully combined in a unified composition. According to the chronology, Roosevelt should be behind Lincoln, but for artistic reasons, Roosevelt should be placed on the left side of Lincoln, which makes it form a more distinct contrast with the statues on both sides. Although the faces of the four statues do not face a single focus, they all look at the distance and are arranged at the same height. The horizontal lines below the necks of the three statues on the left are coherent, which hide the shoulders and breasts of the three. They are integrated and organically united, strengthening the connection between the statues and the gods.

The composition of the rock carvings in Mount Rushmore has been changed many times. The main reason is that the granite in the inner layer of the rock has cracks or defects. Because it is difficult to find the inner rock on the surface, we have to change the composition when we carve the inner layer. On July 4, 1930, the statue of Washington was first completed. Then there was a lot of trouble in carving the statue of Jefferson. The position of the statue changed again and again until January 1, 1930