Kinmen National Park

·The Sixth National Park in Taiwan is the first national park with the function of natural and ecological protection, which focuses on campaign commemoration.

·Kinmen National Park has an ecological exhibition hall, which presents the important ecological habitats of Kinmen in a 360 degree way, which is very realistic.

·The museum also provides multi-media film interpretation services. More than 10 groups make an appointment three days ago.

Kinmen National Park

Located in Jinmen County, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province, Jinmen park is the sixth Provincial Park in Taiwan. The plan was announced on May 25, 1995, and the management office was established on October 18, 1995. It is the first provincial park located on an outlying island in Taiwan. It is also the first provincial park with the function of protecting historical and cultural assets, commemorating battles, and protecting natural resources.

Development history

Located in Jinmen County, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province, Jinmen Provincial Park was established in October 1995 with an area of 3, 780 hectares, including parts of dajinmen and Lieyu. There are otters, waterfowls, turtles, mangroves and other wild animals and plants in the area. There are also important battlefields in modern history, such as the battle of 823 artillery and the battle of Gu ningtou. It is of great contribution and significance to the KMT's move to Taiwan. It retains the cultural assets of Minnan traditional architecture and ancient shell tombs, and is the first one in Taiwan to preserve historical relics It is a provincial park with natural resources conservation, which focuses on assets and campaign commemoration.

In 1972, Taiwan promulgated the "Provincial Park Law" as the legal basis for the protection of Taiwan's natural and ecological resources. Since the first Kenting Provincial Park was established in 1984, many provincial parks have been established, such as Yushan, Yangmingshan, tailuge and Xueba. These parks are mainly for the protection of ecology and natural landscape. The sixth Provincial Park, Kinmen Provincial Park, established on October 18, 1995, is the first one in Taiwan to protect historical and cultural assets, campaign commemoration and natural resources The Provincial Park of Yu.

geographical environment

geographical position

Located in the front line of the Taiwan Strait, the park covers the central, northwest, southwest and northeast corners of Kinmen Island, the island ring road of lie Island (commonly known as little Kinmen) and its peripheral areas. It is divided into Gu Ning tou District, Tai Wu mountain area, Gu Gang District, Ma Shan District and lie Island District, with a total area of about 3720 hectares, accounting for about a quarter of the total area of big and small Kinmen.

Geological topography

The geology of Jinmen island is simple. If the qionglin Shangyi line is taken as the boundary, Jinmen island can be divided into two geological areas. A large amount of granite gneiss is obviously exposed in the eastern part, and laterite is mainly exposed in the western part. The northeastern and southeastern coasts of Kinmen Island and the northeastern southeastern coasts of Lieyu island are eroded by sea water and become sea erosion cliffs or platforms, revealing the landscape of granite gneiss intruded by dikes.

Kinmen is a subtropical marine climate, with no mountain barrier on all sides, strong wind, annual average temperature of about 20.8 degrees Celsius, dry and cold in winter, foggy in spring, annual rainfall of about 1000 mm, mostly concentrated in April to September, and due to the annual evaporation of more than 1680 mm, the island appears semi-arid phenomenon. In addition, the soil on the island is represented by sandy soil and bare red soil, so it is not suitable for farming Drought tolerant coarse cereals were the main crops in the field.

natural resources

As an island, Kinmen is a small island ecosystem. Due to the early development of Kinmen and many wars, there are few large wild animal resources, but there is an endangered conservation mammal otter. There are also ancient living fossils "Limulus" and "amphioxus", which are very precious.

Kinmen is located on the edge of the mainland, and it is the relay station for migratory birds, so the bird species are the most diverse. Every autumn and winter, a large number of migratory birds come here to spend winter, which also forms a special landscape.

animal

Surrounded by the sea, Kinmen is a small island ecosystem. Due to long-term development, there are few large-scale wildlife resources. However, Kinmen is located on the edge of the mainland, and it is the relay station for migratory birds, so the bird species are the most diverse. According to the investigation and literature data, the existing wildlife in Kinmen at least include: 8 species of mammals, 283 species of birds, 13 species of reptiles, 5 species of amphibians, 45 species of butterflies and 45 species of shellfish 32 species of crabs and 6 species of crabs.

In addition to the endangered conservation mammal otter, the ancient living fossils "horseshoe crab" and "amphioxus" are also precious. Every autumn and winter, a large number of migratory birds come here to spend the winter, forming a special landscape.

Botany

According to historical records, Jinmen used to be an island with dense trees. However, after salt boiling, war and deforestation in yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was finally damaged by the wind and sand. After 1950, the army and the people actively planted trees, and it was decades later that Jinmen became a green and gloomy "Marine Park". The forest area of the region is nearly 6000 hectares (about 39.8% of the land area), and the main afforestation species are Casuarina equisetifolia (57%), acacia, pine, eucalyptus, etc.

There are 542 species of vascular plants in Jinmen National Park, among which 17 species may not be produced in Taiwan, such as panggaoshu, Tangli, Fujian liudaomu and daixiaohua. Haikou wetland has a large mangrove landscape formed by haiqie and shuibizi. Because of the strong northeast monsoon and shallow soil, Taiwu mountain area is mostly 10 meters In addition, because of being in the field of war, plants with anti airborne effects such as prickly white Qiongma and cactus can often be seen here. Because of the geographical relationship, the plant species in this area are closely related to the Chinese mainland, but the difference in plant composition is still great with Taiwan island.

Communication impact

Historical Site

There are 21 historical sites in the county, 11 of which are located in the Provincial Park, including the second-class historical sites in Taiwan, qionglin Cai's ancestral hall, Wentai pagoda, Shuitou Huang's youtang bieye, Xujiang Xiaowo Qunye, and the third-class historical sites, Qiu Lianggong cemetery, Han Yingyun genye, zhenweidi, qionglin Yimen sanjiefang, Haiyin temple shimenguan, Shuiwei pagoda, and Cai Panlong There are seven tombs.

Settlement in Southern Fujian: since 1949, due to military control and slow urbanization, Kinmen has maintained its traditional architectural style, constituting a special cultural landscape of the island. When the jinmensheng Park was established, it designated the well preserved communities in the park as seven traditional settlements to be preserved. They are qionglin, Zhushan, oucuo, Nanshan, Beishan, Shuitou and Shanhou.

Battle history: never forget the stele of Ju. Jinmen has been a place for military strategists since ancient times. Since 1949, Kinmen has become Taiwan's most outpost. As the first line of defense, the long-term war preparedness has made Kinmen Island full of fortifications, and the merciless war has left deep historical relics here.

The main battlefield of the battle of guningtou was in guningtou District, including Beishan building, Li Guangqian general temple, lincuo memorial to annihilate the enemy, guningtou spiritual fortress, Hunan highland and so on, which witnessed the ruthlessness of the war. The central tunnel in Taiwu mountain, the underground battle village in qionglin, the Historical Museum of the 823 war, and the military cemetery in Taiwu mountain are the best places to remember the 823 artillery battle. In addition, Mashan broadcasting station, a famous heart war call center just 2300 meters away from the other side of the Strait, Jiugong tunnel and Shuangkou battle village in lie Yu, wuforget Ju monument on Taiwu mountain, and hujingtou Military History Museum record the war years in Jinmen.

characteristic

The most distinctive features of Kinmen are:

1. Minnan style ancient houses: the ancient houses of folk culture are majestic and well arranged. The walls are solid and thick, the swallow tail ridge is flying in the sky, the wood and stone are finely carved, and the pottery decorations are lifelike. They are rich in color, mainly red, black and gold. Therefore, although they have experienced the wind and frost for a long time, they still have noble temperament.

2. There are lots of fengshiye: fengshiye is a special cultural landscape in Jinmen. According to legend, it was in the Ming and Zheng dynasties that the wind lion master in Jinmen was wantonly felling trees and building ships, which made Jinmen from a green field to a barren wasteland. Since then, the wind lion master was erected at the intersection of villages to control the wind evil.

3. Jinmen Gaoliang liquor: Jinmen distillery was founded in 1950, formerly known as Jiulongjiang distillery. The Gaoliang liquor brewed by Jinmen distillery is full-bodied, mellow and vigorous, and has become a treasure of the wine family.

4. Granite hospital: Granite hospital is located at the foot of Taiwu mountain. It is a battlefield underground hospital excavated from the mountainside. It is named granite. In addition to being built in granite rocks, it also symbolizes Geng Jiezhi's integrity, which is as firm as a rock, and will stand firm forever, free from wind and frost.

5. Guningtou war Embassy: the war embassy is located in the hometown of guningtou battlefield. It is a castle style reinforced concrete building, covering an area of nearly 200 square meters. It was built in 1984. The construction of the war Embassy can record the course of the battle, display the captured booty, war documents and the meritorious general Yuzhao.

six At 6:30 p.m. on August 23, 1958, Fujian coastal artillery suddenly launched 270 degree encirclement fire on the whole island of Jinmen. Successive shells fell from the sky and landed on the ground of 150 square kilometers of Jinmen. During the continuous 44 day artillery battle, the Communist Party of China fired more than 474910 shells indiscriminately, with an average of per square meter There were four rounds of dropped bombs, which set the highest density of dropped bombs in the world, and almost overturned the ground of Kinmen. The memorial to the August 23 artillery battle is towering, just like a giant witness to history.

7. Opening up the small three links: after opening up the small three links, Jinmen and Xiamen are directly connected