Songpan ancient city

--The ancient city of Songpan, known as Songzhou in ancient times, was built in Hongwu Period of Ming Dynasty. It is not only a military fortress in Northwest Sichuan, but also an important post station of tea horse exchange for Tibetan, Qiang, Hui and Han people with a long history.

--The ancient city of Songpan is divided into two cities, one inside and the other outside. The walls are all built with green bricks, which are solid and solid. The thickness of the walls is up to 12 meters, which can be called the highest in the country.

--The turbulent Minjiang River passes through the ancient city from east to west, through the central street of the ancient city, then turns south, and comes out through the south gate. In addition, there are two old style mosques in the ancient city.

--The mosque in the ancient city can be visited at will from 5 a.m. every day, but the main hall is not allowed to enter. There are five services in the temple every day. If you want to visit, you can ask the local people about the specific schedule.

Songpan ancient city

Songpan ancient city is divided into inner city and outer city. The plane of inner city crosses Chongshan and is slightly triangular according to the mountain. The valley part under Chongshan in the East is rectangular. The outer city is adjacent to the Valley Dam in the south of inner city. There is a gate connecting with inner city. The plane is rectangular. The total length of the city wall is 6.2 km. It is built with locally fired green bricks. The inner wall is made of earth and stone. It is 12.5 meters high and more than 12 meters thick. It is jointed with mortar made of glutinous rice, lime and tung oil. It is as strong as an iron wall. The gates are only made of large regular rectangular stone arches. The ancient city of Songpan has a grand scale and extraordinary momentum. The length, height, thickness of the city wall and the exquisite relief stone carvings are second to none in ethnic areas. Cultural relics protection units at the provincial level.

development history

In the Tang Dynasty, the Tubo leader Songzan Ganbu sent envoys to propose to Chang'an. The envoys passed by Songzhou and were detained by the state officials. Songzanganbu was very angry and led 200000 soldiers to invade. Han Xian, the governor of the Tang Dynasty, was defeated. Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty ordered Shangshu of the Ministry of officials to lead the army to Songzhou. After the battle of Chuanzhusi, the army of the Tang Dynasty won. After returning to Tibet, Songzan Ganbu sent envoys to send gold for marriage and reconciliation. Taizong made it clear that Princess Wencheng was married to Songzan Ganbu, which was a good story for generations.

Entering the county seat of Songpan, the gate and the wall are tall, ancient and well preserved.

According to the records of Songpan county annals, Ding Yu, a general of pingqiang in 1379, after pacifying Dong Tieli's rebel army, a sergeant of Wei and Mao, and commanding his troops to the north, settled in Songzhou, wrote to the Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang and suggested setting up military guards in Songzhou.

When Songzhou was set up, Ding yudiao ningzhou Wei Gao Xianlai was in charge of the construction of the city. He built a wall at the foot of the west mountain and on the East Bank of the river. It took five years to build a section of the city wall. The ancient wall brick is 50 cm long, 25 cm wide and 12.5 cm thick. The mortar used is made of glutinous rice, lime and tung oil. Each brick weighs 30 kg and is built into a city wall more than 10 meters high and 6200 meters long. The project is arduous. On the mountain of "YAOGOU" and "Yaoba" in Songpan, there are remains of ancient pits built for building a city and firing green bricks.

During the reign of emperor Yingzong of Ming Dynasty (1436-1449), there was a civil commotion in Songpan. The Bianmin, who stands high on the top of the western mountain, can observe the deployment of the city. After the civil uprising was pacified, Guan Chen, the censor in charge of Songpan's military preparation, built the western city wall from the foot of the mountain to the top of the mountain. In the fifth year of Jiajing period (1526), Songpan's general troops added more than 1000 meters to the outer city. It took 60 years for Songpan city system to take shape.

The ancient city of Songpan has seven gates: Jinyang in the East, Yanxun in the south, Weiyuan in the west, Zhenqiang in the north, xiaoximen in the southwest, Linjiang in the east-west and Fuqing in the north-south. Each city gate has a large stone arch ring parallel to six sides, which makes the top semi-circular. There are various carving patterns on the big stone of the gate base, which is unique and thought-provoking. On the stone wall beside the Linjiang gate, there is a notice about reducing and exempting the harsh Fu in 1643.

The ancient city wall gate fort was built in the 12th year of Hongwu of Ming Dynasty when songzhouwei and panzhouwei merged into songpanwei. The door opening is 15 feet thick and has a solid construction. It has been weathered for hundreds of years. You can enjoy the magnificent scenery around you by climbing the city wall.

In Songpan City, there is a small bridge with flowing water and unique landscape. A fast and clear river flows westward from the east end of Songpan ancient city through the ring road. After passing the central street, it turns southward and flows out from the left side of the south gate, which makes the whole Songpan ancient city lively. In particular, people on both sides of the river set up ancient bamboo buildings on the river bank to enjoy the distant mountains and near water.

Songpan is an important historical monument. During the Xianfeng Period of the Qing Dynasty, the tax was heavy, which led to a great anti Qing uprising of the Tibetan and Qiang people. The uprising lasted for six years. The leader of the uprising was the Qiang heroine in Songpan, e Neng Zuo. The uprising army once conquered six fortresses of Jiuguan, occupied the ancient city of Songpan (now Songpan county) for two years, defeated the siege of the Qing army many times, and wiped out thousands of the Qing army.

Songpan is also an important revolutionary historical monument. During the Long March, the CPC Central Committee held five important meetings, two of which were held in Songpan. In order to commemorate the great feat of the long march of the Red Army and carry forward the spirit of the Long March, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Central Military Commission decided to build the memorial tablet garden of the long march of the Red Army in Zhusi town of songpanchuan. The Red Army Long March memorial monument has been standing high on the top of Yuanbao mountain in Chuanzhusi Town, with its back against the snow mountain and forest and facing the grassland. The monument is 41.3 meters high, and the bronze statue of Red Army soldiers at the top is 14.8 meters high. The bronze statue holds flowers in one hand, guns in the other, and arms in a "V" shape, symbolizing the great victory of the long march. The stele is covered with 450 pieces of copper alloy in a triangle, which symbolizes the magnificent victory of the three main forces of the first, second and fourth front army of the Red Army in resisting Japan. The base of the stele is covered with white jade ring road, and green lawn is laid around the base, which means "snow mountain grassland tree monument". The largest modern art group sculpture in China has been set up in the park to show the arduous course of the long march of the Red Army by depicting the artistic image. The group sculpture is 72 meters long, 8 meters wide and 12.5 meters high. It is made of 1 160 cubic meters and 1 440 pieces of red granite. It embodies the glorious revolutionary history and the charm of modern art. The scale is magnificent and impressive.

Main attractions

Ruins of ancient city wall

Songpan ancient city wall was built in the Ming Dynasty. At that time, the green bricks used were 50 cm long and 12 cm thick, each brick weighed 30 kg. The mortar used was made of glutinous rice, lime and tung oil, so the wall was extremely strong. With a height of 10 meters, a width of 30 meters and a length of 6200 meters, the city wall is the ancient city wall site of muquyizhi in China. Located in the East, South and north of the city, the top of the three gates are half moon shaped. On the big stone of the gate base, there are various kinds of unique relief carvings, which are antique and retain the charm of ancient times.

Ancient battlefield ruins

Since ancient times, Songpan has been an important frontier town for military strategists. Today, a large number of ancient battlefield relics, such as passes, soldiers, jingdun and beacon towers, can still be seen everywhere along the Minjiang River Valley and Fujiang River Valley.

Spring rise of ancient bridge

Tongyuan bridge is a wooden gallery bridge with outstretched arms. During the flood season, the apricot blossoms on the bridge leaves spit out their stamens, the water mill rotates, and a hundred birds vie on the sandbanks, forming a peaceful and prosperous picture of the countryside

Tourism information

There is a shuttle bus from Chengdu chadianzi passenger station to Songpan passenger station, and the fare is about 117 yuan.

Address: Jin'an Town, Songpan County, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province

Longitude: 103.6007785178

Latitude: 32.6471514254

Tour time: 2-3 hours

Traffic information: Songpan ancient city is located in Jin'an Town, Songpan County, northeast of Aba Prefecture, 350 km south of Chengdu.

Bus: take the shuttle bus to Songpan county at Chengdu chadianzi passenger station, the fare is about 117 yuan / person

Ticket information: free for the ancient city, 150 yuan per person for climbing the ancient city wall

Opening hours: the ancient city is open all day, climbing tower 9:00-18:00