Huashan reservoir

Huashan reservoir

Huashan reservoir is located 40 kilometers northwest of Biyang County, Henan Province, on the Jihe River, a tributary of the Tang River. The control basin covers an area of 76 square kilometers, which is a shallow hilly area with poor vegetation. It was rebuilt on the ancient marenpi site. It was started in March 1958 and basically completed in August.

brief introduction

The original design dam height is 15.5m, the spillway bottom width is 56m, the bottom elevation is 180.4m, and the water conveyance tunnel is completed at the same time. Due to the low flood control capacity, the dam was increased by 2.1 meters in the spring of 1962. After the flood in 1972, the top elevation of the dam increased to 184 meters in the winter of that year, thickening by 2.5 meters. The sub trough is excavated in the spillway with a bottom width of 21 meters and a bottom elevation of 179 meters. During the flood in 1975, the reservoir area was the center of rainstorm, which played an extremely significant role in flood control. After the flood, in order to further improve the flood control standard and the quality of the project, from 1976 to 1979, the danger removal and reinforcement were carried out to prevent the flood with a return period of 5000 years. The total storage capacity was 63.5 million cubic meters, and the Xingli storage capacity was 22.7 million cubic meters.

The dam has been grouted and revetment renovated; a 1.2m high wave wall has been added; the spillway bottom has been widened to 44m; the auxiliary spillway bottom has been widened to 46m with a bottom elevation of 179m; and the clay core wall and sand shell have been built to induce the self break dam, which is the earliest self break dam built in the whole province. In case of flood with a return period of over 5000 years, the dam will cause the self break dam. The designed irrigation area is 57000 mu, and the actual irrigation area is 8000 mu.

According to the notes of Nanyang Prefecture annals in Jiajing of Ming Dynasty, Ma renpo is seventy miles north of Biyang County In the Han Dynasty, the emperor summoned the minister to build a dike to store water, which made the water flood out. The gate will be opened and closed in time, and the 24 weirs will be diverted to irrigate more than ten thousand hectares of farmland. " This is the scene after the construction of marenpi. In the northern and Southern Dynasties and the Northern Wei Dynasty, when Li Daoyuan was appointed as the governor of Jingzhou, he wrote "a hundred hectares of land was covered, and ten thousand hectares of land was irrigated". At that time, marenpi, a famous lake in Nanyang County, was connected with canals and weirs, and the canal was vertical and horizontal, which was similar to the irrigation system of growing vines and melons. This shows the vastness of the marenpi project.

After the construction of marenpi, it has been restored in all dynasties. According to historical records, in the 22nd year of Yuanjia (445 A.D.) in the northern and Southern Dynasties, Shen Liang, the governor of Nanyang, "repaired marenpi again, and the people benefited.".

In the second year of Huichang (843) of the Tang Dynasty, Lu Yang, the governor of the state, once restored the marenpi.

In 1057, Zhao Shangkuan, the governor of Tang state, obtained the original site of shenpo canal in Zhaoxin County of Han Dynasty according to the record of the view. He was killed in Fuyu, Sanpi and Yiqu, and irrigated more than ten thousand hectares of farmland.

During the reign of Yuanfeng in Song Dynasty, Ma renpi left a legacy of profits Try to repair it. "

Yuan Dade six years (1302) than Yang county magistrate Cheng Zhongxian, once repair marenpi.

In 1478, Yuan Dou, the magistrate of Biyang County, repaired marenbai and restored the old people's interests

In 1593, the Tangbai River and the Hongru River were flooded, and the marenpi river burst and then fell into disrepair.

In 1722, Shen Yuan, the magistrate of Nanyang, called on the peasants to go into the lake to reclaim the wasteland.

In the Qing Dynasty, bu Yuyan, a county magistrate, saw Ma renpi's poem "crossing yangce Lake" when he passed yangce lake. The mountain lights on all sides meet the sky, and the water channels on all sides drain the spring. It is a place of great importance for human settlement. Half a mountain field, half a paddy field.

The ruins of marenpi are as follows: the dike is 12 meters high, 840 meters long, the water gate is made of stone mortar, 3.5 meters wide, the open channel, the double hole stoplog, and the stones adjust the flow. There is a concave ditch in the west of the dike, which seems to be the spillway of that year. It can be seen that the design of the project is scientific and the layout is reasonable.

scale

Huashan reservoir is located in the east of Doumen Yang village, yangce Town, Biyang County, and the upstream of Shuji River, a tributary of the Tang River, with a drainage area of 76 square kilometers. The reservoir dam is built on the ancient water conservancy project marenpi waste dam. The length of the waste dam is 840 meters, the height of the dam is 12 meters, and the width of the breach in the channel section is about 100 meters. The diversion channel is built with stones, with a width of 3.5m. The flow is controlled by double-layer stoplog stones. The construction started in March 1958, and was designed and constructed by the Water Conservancy Bureau of Nanyang special administration. The dam crest elevation is 183.64m, the maximum storage capacity is 54.600000m3, and the maximum dam height is 17.2m. The spillway is an open natural spillway with the maximum discharge of 181m3 / s. The lower part of the dam body is sand shell with inclined wall, the upper part is sand shell with clay core, and the platform section is homogeneous earth dam. A new double hole 0.8 × 1.8m non pressure culvert is built for the water conveyance channel, with a maximum discharge of 19.1m3/s. The designed irrigation area is 72000 mu. It was basically completed in June 1960. After the improvement of spillway and other projects in 1972, the flood control of the reservoir reached the standard of once in 500 years.

In August 1975, there was a torrential rain and flood, and the reservoir passed the flood safely. Subsequently, the main works of the reservoir were strengthened and improved from 1975 to 1978: the reconstructed water conveyance channel was reinforced concrete pressure culvert with a diameter of 2.6 meters and a maximum water conveyance of 53 cubic meters per second; there were power generation branch pipes with an installed capacity of 125 kW; the dam was raised to 184 meters and a wave wall with a height of 1.2 meters was added and partially renovated; the ant cave in the dam was grouted; the spillway was widened to 44 meters with a maximum discharge of 430 m3 In addition, an auxiliary spillway with a bottom height of 180m and a width of 46m is set up, on which a self breaking sub dam is built, with a crest elevation of 183m, for extraordinary flood discharge. After reinforcement and improvement, the flood control of the reservoir reaches the standard of once in 5000 years, the highest water level of the reservoir reaches 183.22 meters, and the maximum storage capacity is 63.5 million cubic meters. After the completion of Huashan reservoir, it has experienced several times of expansion and maintenance. The first time was from 1979 to 1982. It took four autumn and winter to cut off the seepage of the foundation of the second auxiliary dam by drilling and grouting. A total of 44 boreholes were drilled, with a total depth of 1060m and grouting of 840m, which reduced the leakage by 2.6 million cubic meters per year. The second time, in 1979, was the excavation of a drainage tunnel. The third time was from 1988 to April 1991, when the main dam was increased by 1.6 meters, and the crest elevation was increased from 116.5 meters to 118.1 meters. A wave wall was added on the dam crest, which was 1 meter high and 0.6 meters wide. In order to prevent leakage, the total footage of curtain grouting for dam foundation was 2670 meters. For the first, second, third and fourth auxiliary dams, the crest of each dam shall be raised to 118.1 meters, and the wave wall shall be built to 1 meter high. The outer slope shall be protected with turf, and the inner slope shall be built with dry masonry to prevent waves. The vertical and horizontal drainage ditches are set under the bottom plate of the spillway steep slope, the guide wall on the left side of the spillway is strengthened and heightened, the stilling basin and tailrace overflow weir are added, the original 13 reinforced concrete gates on the top are replaced with steel gates, and the hoist gate is replaced with screw gate.

Address: near Luye Township, southern mountain area of Jinan

Longitude: 117.08506011963

Latitude: 36.737144470215