Lixia Pavilion is one of the famous pavilions in Jinan. It is called Lixia Pavilion because of its south facing Lishan (Qianfo Mountain). Lixia Pavilion stands on the largest island in Daming Lake. Later, because Lixia Pavilion is the famous Haiyou Pavilion, people used to call the whole island and its buildings Lixia Pavilion.
The whole island where Lixia Pavilion is located is surrounded by green willows, flowers and trees, pavilions, pavilions and porches, and decorated with bamboo and flowers. In spring, the bamboo trees are dancing and the green willows are smoking. In autumn, the lake water is rippling, the lotus flowers are fragrant and the cool wind is blowing slowly. It is refreshing. It is called "Lixia autumn wind" and is one of the eight sceneries of ancient Licheng.
Lixia Pavilion
Lixia Pavilion is one of the famous pavilions in Jinan. It is also called ancient Lixia Pavilion because it is adjacent to Lishan (Qianfo Mountain) in the south. In 1979, it was designated as a municipal cultural relics protection unit. Lixia Pavilion is located in the southeast corner of Daming Lake, the No.1 spring scenic spot in Jinan City, with an area of 4160 square meters, because Lixia Pavilion is a famous Haiyou ancient pavilion.
Development history
Lixia pavilion has a long history, has gone through many vicissitudes, and its location has changed several times. Lixia Pavilion is located in Wulongtan from the Northern Wei Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty. Li Daoyuan's shuijingzhu is called "keting", which was built by the government to meet guests. It was called Lixia Pavilion in the early Tang Dynasty. In 745 ad, Du Fu visited his younger brother Du Ying in Linyi and passed by Jinan. He met Li Yong Zhiji, the prefect of Beihai who had made friends with Du Fu in Chang'an during the Kaiyuan period. Du Fu entertained Du Fu and Jinan celebrities in this pavilion. Du Fu immediately wrote a poem "accompany Li Beihai to feast in Lixia Pavilion:" the East fan is stationed in zaogai, and Beizhu is lingqinghe. The pavilion on the right side of the sea is ancient, and there are many famous people in Jinan. Yunshan is flourishing, and jade pendant is still a song. Xiuzhu is not under the supervision of the Department. What will the setting sun be like. It's hard to get over the high and low level of labor. "
In the poem, the first sentence describes Li Yong's visit to Jinan and his banquet at Lixia Pavilion. The second sentence explains the ancient history of Lixia Pavilion. At that time, the location was right in the West and left in the East. Jinan was in the west of the sea, so it was called Haiyou. Because there were a large number of historical celebrities in Jinan, such as Bao Shuya, Zou Yan, Fu Sheng, Fang Xuanling and so on, and because there were Jinan gentry Jian Chushi and others present at that time, they praised many celebrities. The following verses describe the scenery inside and outside the pavilion, the taste of banquets, and the feeling that the sunset will break up and the hospitality is difficult. Li Du's banquet, poem and Lixia Pavilion made the Haiyou Pavilion famous from then on, and the couplet "Haiyou Pavilion is ancient, and there are many famous people in Jinan" has become the pride of Jinan for thousands of years.
According to Tangshu, in the first year of Tianbao, Qizhou was changed into Linzi County, so this pavilion was also called "Linzi Pavilion". Du Fu's poem "eight elegy poems to Li Gongyong, a secretary in charge of Jiang Xia" contains a poem "Yixi Linzi Pavilion". By the end of the Tang Dynasty, Lixia Pavilion gradually collapsed. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Zeng Gong worked in Qizhou, and rebuilt Lixia Pavilion, which was located behind the Yamen house in Anzhou, Hunan Province, in the Ming Dynasty. In the early Qing Dynasty, Li xingzu, the salt transportation envoy of Shandong Province, bought the squire's estate on Huzhong island in 1693 and rebuilt it. Its scale is larger than before. It faces south from the north, and its face and forehead are "ancient Li Pavilion". After the completion of the project, another three rooms of Xuanyu were built in the south of the pavilion. The west of Xuanyu is a wide water area. Under the clear sky, the sky is bright and the water is blue. Therefore, the title of "Yulan Pavilion" is given. Since then, the scale and type of Lixia pavilion have changed.
Main attractions
One of the famous pavilions in Jinan. Because of its southern Li mountain (Thousand Buddha Mountain), it is called Lixia Pavilion, also known as the ancient Li Pavilion. Lixia Pavilion stands on the largest island in Daming Lake, covering an area of 4160 square meters. Because Lixia Pavilion is the famous Haiyou ancient pavilion, people are used to call the whole island and its buildings Lixia Pavilion.
The whole island is surrounded by green willows, flowers and trees, pavilions, pavilions and corridors, and decorated with bamboo flowers. In spring, the bamboo trees are dancing and the green willows are smoking. In autumn, the lake water is rippling, the lotus flowers are fragrant and the cool wind is blowing slowly. It is refreshing. It is called "Lixia autumn wind" and is one of the eight sceneries of ancient Licheng.
Around
Lixia Pavilion is located in the center of Huzhong Island, with eight columns, red columns, green tiles, brackets, octagonal double eaves, flying eaves, a sharp top and a kissing beast on the ridge. The pavilion is empty. There are wooden columns around the pavilion. There are stone lotus tables and stools inside the pavilion for tourists to rest. Under the eaves of the second floor, there is a plaque "Lixia Pavilion" written by Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, with gold characters on a red background.
On the west side of the pavilion, there is a hall, three rooms wide, surrounded by an ambulatory, with red pillars and green tiles. It is surrounded by buildings, with cornices and angles. It is called "blue Pavilion". Xuanxi is a broad lake. If the sky is clear, the sky is blue, the water is blue, and the lake is as bright as jasper. Therefore, it is called yulanxuan. In the north of the pavilion, there are five halls, with hard mountains and flower carving fans. It is called "mingshixuan". It is a place where scholars and scholars gather for banquets. The pavilion faces south with five rooms wide. The three character plaque of "mingshixuan" was written by Zhu Qingyuan, a calligrapher at the end of the Qing Dynasty in the spring of 1911, and the couplet "willows, spring breeze, Wanfang bliss, Furong, autumn moon, a piece of Daming" was inscribed by Guo Moruo, a famous writer. On the west wall of xuannei, there are line drawn stone carvings of Beihai prefect, Li Yong, a great calligrapher, and Du Fu, a great poet, and stone carvings of 15 celebrities from Qin and Han Dynasties to the end of Qing Dynasty. On the east wall is a stele of Lixia Pavilion written by he Shaoji, a poet and calligrapher of the Qing Dynasty. It describes the rebuilding of Lixia Pavilion by his friends Chen Bifu and Chen Jingliang and the famine he saw in Shandong.
The south of Lixia Pavilion is the gate, and the East-West corridor is on both sides of the gate. At the east end of the corridor is the "Linhu Pavilion", and on the north wall is a stone tablet of the book "rebuilding the pavilion under the calendar" written by Chen Jingliang and he Shaoji in the ninth year of Xianfeng. At the west end of the corridor is the "lotus fragrance tea hall", with three rooms in width and a cornice. The couplet of the gate is a collection of Du Fu's verses: "the pavilion on the right side of the sea is ancient, and there are many famous people in Jinan". Why is it written by Shaoji and hung on the door with a plaque of "the pavilion on the right side of the sea" in gold on a red background. On the east side of the gate lies a stone tablet with the three characters "lixiating" engraved on it, which is written by Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. On the west side of the gate, there is a royal stele pavilion with red pillars, green tiles and four pointed roofs, which is connected with the western corridor. Inside the pavilion, there is a poem tablet named Daming Lake title written by Emperor Qianlong in 1748.
On the southeast side of Lixia Pavilion, there is an ancient willow standing on the shore of the lake. Its branches have withered, but the dead trees are reborn. Tender branches sprout on the outer skin of the branches. It is pitiful to see that it is yellow and green. According to the research, Gu Liu is over 160 years old. It is rare for him to live a long life.
Celebrity gathering
In the fourth year of Tang Tianbao, 745 A.D., Du Fu and Li Bai, the two great stars in the Chinese poetry circle, were in ancient Qizhou (today's Jinan City) and traveled to Qilu, leaving numerous well-known poems.
This year, Li Zhifang, Sima of Qizhou, built Lixia Pavilion in Daming Lake. Just then, Du Fu, who was wandering in Qilu, went north from Yanzhou and Taishan to the ancient Qizhou. Since Tang Kaiyuan, the transportation is convenient, the material is rich, and the price is very cheap. According to the records of shihuozhi in the book of the new Tang Dynasty, at that time, the price of rice per Dou was 13 yuan, while the price of rice per Dou in Yidu was only 3 yuan, which was much lower than that of the whole country. "There are four roads, and the sea food is waiting for pedestrians. There are post donkeys in the shop. They can travel thousands of miles without holding a foot. " Roaming, in fact, is a part of Du Fu and all the writers' creative career. In Yanzhou, he wrote "climbing Yanzhou City Tower": "East County tends to court day, south tower looks at the beginning. Floating clouds connect Haidai, and pingye enters Qingxu. Gufeng Qin stele in the Imperial City Lu Dian Yu. It's always ancient. I'm hesitant when I look at it. " Then he ascended to the top of the five mountains and left the immortal Wangyue: "how about daizongfu? Qilu is still green. The clock is beautiful, and Yin and Yang dim the dawn. Swing chest health stratus, canthus into the bird. We'll be at the top of the mountain When he came to Qizhou, he immediately became Li Zhifang's guest. The news of Du Fu's arrival spread quickly to Beihai, now the capital of Shandong Province. At that time, Li Yong, the prefect of Beihai, couldn't sit still and went to Qizhou to meet with Du Fu. It's a great event. At that time, Li Yong was 68 years old, and he was already famous all over the world. Du Fu was a 33 year old young man, and his reputation was far from that of a poet. But Li Yong's wise eye knows the Pearl. He has already foreseen the flame of this new star. Unfortunately, he didn't see it. The banquet of the meeting was arranged on the new Lixia Pavilion. Li Yong, Du Fu, Li Zhifang are here, and there may be many famous people from Qizhou. In particular, Li Bai was also in Qizhou. In the third year of Tianbao, he met Du Fu in Luoyang and traveled eastward together. He believed in Taoism and was being recorded in Ziji palace. I don't know if it was due to the Taoist rules, or he didn't receive the invitation. Maybe there are other reasons. This very good drinker didn't come to drink this cup of wine. Otherwise, Li Bai's poems would be left on Lixia Pavilion. Li Yong had a long talk with Du Fu about wine, poetry and history, and also about Du Fu's grandfather, Du Shenyan, which made Du Fu very grateful. In this banquet, Du Fu left a good sentence that "the pavilion on the right side of the sea is ancient, and there are many celebrities.".
In Lixia Pavilion written by Jinan poet Liu Chi at the end of Ming Dynasty, he said: "it was an ancient time when I didn't see this pavilion, but I met many famous people for a while", which summed up the profound meaning of it. Zhang Heming, a poet from Jinan during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, also wrote in his poem: "the famous pavilions in the sea are missing, but it is reminiscent of Shaoling poems."
In 1693, Pu Songling visited Jinan at the invitation of Yu Chenglong, a military envoy from Shandong Province. At that time, Li xingzu and Yu Chenglong had just completed the reconstruction of Lixia Pavilion. Pu Songling was very excited about the reconstruction of Lixia Pavilion, and wrote a song "reconstruction of ancient Liting": "one wanders on Daming Lake, two wanders."
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