Zhada tulin National Geopark

Zada tulin is located in arizada county. It is formed by the geological changes of the ancient Great Lakes and river beds over thousands of years. The earth forest with a radius of nearly several hundred square kilometers is full of "trees" with different shapes and early human cave sites.

Zada earth forest covers an area of hundreds of kilometers, and its landform is geologically known as fluvial and lacustrine facies. According to experts' research, more than one million years ago, there was a large lake with a radius of more than 500 kilometers between Zhada and Pulan. The Himalayan orogeny caused the lake basin to rise and the water level to decline. Gradually, the vivid shape and storey height of the "building" were washed away and polished. The erosion of hundreds of thousands of years of wind and rain, like the continuous carving and polishing of a magic axe, made him more exquisite and exquisite.

From afar, it is full of splendor; under the background of the illusory light and shadow on the plateau, it is like a mythical world. If you look closer, you will see that the two banks of Xiangquan River are surrounded by earth and forest. There are many wonders like majestic temples, fortified watchtowers, magnificent pagodas, luxurious ancient palaces, simple and dignified European castles. Some of them are like ten thousand horses galloping and roaring in the sky. Some of them are like religious practice, religious meditation and all kinds of heavenly works.

Transportation:

To Zada, it usually starts from Shiquan River and takes about 2000-3000 yuan to go back and forth by chartered car. It takes about 12 hours to go south along ri'a highway, 225 kilometers to enter Shiquan River Valley and reach arizada county. If you go northward from Shenshan mountain or continue southward after leaving Zada, you can consider getting off at namuga (or naxiai), which is 136 km away from Shiquan River, and then go to Zada. However, there are not many hitchhikes to Zada. They may have to stay in the hotels here. The so-called hotels are just composed of a few earth houses built on the barren beach.

Zhada tulin National Geopark, Tibet

synonym

Zhada tulin National Geopark generally refers to Zhada tulin National Geopark in Tibet

Tibet Zhada tulin National Geopark is located in Zhada County, Ali Prefecture, southwest Tibet Autonomous Region. In August 2005, the Ministry of land and Resources approved it as the fourth batch of national geoparks. It is a comprehensive Geopark with the characteristics of stone forest composed of Ordovician red carbonate rocks and karst Canyon, cave, lake spring and waterfall landscape. It includes Hongshilin Karst Landform Scenic Spot, Zuolongxi Canyon Scenic Spot and Qifeng Lake Youshui river water Landform Scenic spot.

geographical position

The working area is located in Zada County, Ali Prefecture, southwest Tibet Autonomous Region, which is known as "the roof of the roof of the world" (as shown in the figure).

The park is adjacent to Pulan County in the East, Kashmir in the west, India across the Himalayas in the south, and Gar County in the north. It is a national geopark with earth forest landform as the main geological heritage, with Tuolin town as the center and along both banks of Xiangquan river.

The distribution altitude is 3750-4450m, which is the largest and most typical Neogene soil forest in the world. The geographical location is 31 ° 20 '- 31 ° 40' n and 79 ° 25 '- 80 ° 02' e. the total area of the working area is about 457.12km.

Traffic situation

Zhada tulin National Geopark is located at the junction of China, Kashmir, India and Nepal. It is 1500km away from Lhasa City, with about 700km of gravel road. It is 280km away from Shiquanhe Town, where Ali regional administrative office is located, of which about 120km is Panshan gravel road and dirt road, with narrow road surface and poor road condition. Asphalt road is under construction, which is expected to be completed and opened to traffic in two years. The total mileage of the county is 1065km, including 219 national highway to Xinjiang and 318 national highway to Lhasa, the capital of the autonomous region, via bar and Zhongba. Zhada county to the six towns are simple roads, whenever the rainy season comes, some sections can not be opened to traffic. So far, the overall traffic condition of the county is poor.

Natural overview

Hydrology:

There are 14 rivers in the territory, including Xiangquan River (known as "Langqin Zangbo" in Tibetan) which is the largest river flowing through the Zada basin and the outflow river with the largest average runoff among the three outflow rivers in Zada county. It originates from the Himalayan modern glacier near Lanta in the east of Zada County. Because the shape of the spring mouth is like elephant water, it is called Xiangquan river. After passing through qusongduo, Tuolin town and Luba, it flows through Himalayas to the west of shibuqi pass and flows into India, which is called sutleji river. Xiangquan river gives birth to Zhada's splendid Xiangxiong culture, ancient civilization and magnificent earth forest landscape.

Climate:

The climate of Zada basin belongs to the plateau temperate monsoon arid climate area, which is greatly affected by the alternation of westerly circulation and southwest monsoon. When the westerly circulation with the characteristics of climate subsidence prevails, Zada presents the characteristics of dry climate, less precipitation, severe temperature difference and strong wind, becoming the main weather system in winter. In summer, the southwest monsoon enters over Zada in early or middle June, which is characterized by warm climate and concentrated rainfall. The huge barrier function of Himalayan system, which is high in the south of Zada basin, has hindered the northward movement of warm and humid air flow to a great extent, thus making Zada basin a "rain shadow area", so the annual precipitation is only about 160mm. Under the influence of valley basin heat effect, the climate in Zada basin became very dry and hot again. According to the relevant meteorological data, the annual average temperature in Ali area is 3 ° C, and the average temperature in the hottest month (July) is 13.7 ℃. The monthly average temperature of the coldest month (January) is - 9.2 ℃. The days above 0 ℃ are 230 days, the days above 10 ° are 110 days, the frost free period is 124-130 days, and the annual sunshine hours are about 3500 hours.

Economic overview

Zada county is located in the Xiangquan River Basin in the southwest of Ali Region in Western Tibet. It is one of the border counties in China, with jurisdiction over one town and five townships, covering a total area of 24676km. According to Tibet Statistical Yearbook (2004), by the end of 2003, the total population of the county was 5730.

Zada county is a county in Ali area, which is mainly based on animal husbandry and develops both animal husbandry and agriculture. The cultivated land area of the county is 12187 mu, and the grassland area is 7.6 million mu (of which the available area accounts for 68%). The forest area is about 12100 mu. Animal husbandry mainly focuses on sheep, goats, yaks, cattle, horses, donkeys and other animals, while agriculture mainly focuses on grain and oil crops such as highland barley, spring wheat, barley, buckwheat, peas, broad beans, rape and so on. The total grain output is 865.46 tons. Potatoes, cabbages, radishes, cucumbers, cauliflower, capsicum, eggplant, green shoots, tomatoes and other vegetables are planted in the county and army farms. In the area below 3800m above sea level, there are poplar, willow, apple, walnut and other tree species.

The main mineral resources are chromium, copper, gold, iron, kyanite, pyrophyllite, ruby, granite, muscovite, quartz sand, etc.

Geological relics

There are various types of geological relics in the Zhada tulin National Geopark, but the most representative is the tulin landform in the tertiary Pliocene to Quaternary lower Pleistocene Zhada group of the Zhada basin. Due to the differences in weathering resistance of various bedrock in the edge of Zada basin, the tributaries and tributaries on both sides of Xiangquan River have formed different landforms in number, scale, extension length, valley slope gradient, etc. the semi consolidated rocks of river and lake facies have undergone a long geological evolution under the erosion of rainwater, forming a wavy, laminated and magnificent earth forest landform. From a high altitude, the earth forest under the blue sky and white clouds stretches for hundreds of kilometers and is magnificent. It is like the ancient Guge grand division marching in the vast land of Zada, which makes people dignified, solemn and solemn. At present, the earth forest in Zada area is the most typical, well preserved, strangest and most widely distributed landform formed by weathering of Tertiary strata in the world. It is a typical area to study the development and evolution of earth forest landform.

2. Geological heritage landscape and protection status

Work overview

General situation of basic geological work

Because Zada county is located in the southwest of Ali Prefecture, Tibet, the traffic, climate and physical geography conditions are not conducive to the geological survey and comprehensive investigation of related specialties in this area. Therefore, the investigation and investigation work carried out in this area in the past is quite few, and is limited by traffic, many places can not reach, which actually reduces the accuracy of some results. The work done in this area over the years is as follows:

1. From 1973 to 1976, the Qinghai Tibet Plateau comprehensive scientific investigation team of the Chinese Academy of Sciences conducted a comprehensive investigation on climate, physical geography, geomorphology, river, vegetation, soil, stratum and Quaternary Geology in the area of Zhada. This is the largest comprehensive scientific investigation in Tibet so far, and also the most comprehensive and systematic comprehensive scientific investigation in the area;

2. From 1981 to 1982, the fourth unit of the plateau geological survey brigade carried out route geological survey work related to this area;

3. From 1980 to 1983, the second Geological Brigade of Tibet Bureau of Geology and mineral resources and Wuhan Institute of geology jointly conducted a comprehensive geological survey in Ali;

4. From 1983 to 1986, the regional geological survey brigade of Tibet Bureau of Geology and mineral resources carried out a 1 ∶ 1 million large scale regional geological survey.

Based on the above investigation and investigation, the geological structure of strata, paleontology, climate, vegetation, river and region is studied