Three river Chengyang Fengyu Bridge

Chengyang Fengyu bridge in Sanjiang, also known as Yongji bridge and Panlong bridge, is one of the most famous Fengyu bridges with Dong flavor in Guangxi Zhuang region. It is a national key cultural relics protection unit. The Miao Festival, Zhuang duet song, Yao dance and Dong architecture are known as the "four wonders" of Liuzhou ethnic customs. Chengyang Fengyu bridge is a typical Dong building. This wooden and stone bridge across Linxi river was built in 1912. There are five large stone piers in the river. The deck is covered with fir and wood. The bridge is 64.4m long, 3.4m wide and 10.6m high.

Chengyang Yongji Bridge

synonym

Sanjiang Chengyang Fengyu bridge generally refers to Chengyang Yongji bridge

Chengyang Yongji bridge, also known as Chengyang Fengyu bridge and Chengyang Huilong bridge, is located 20 kilometers north of Sanjiang County, Liuzhou City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (in Linxi town). It was built in 1912 and 1924.

Chengyang Yongji bridge across the Linxi River, is a typical Dong architecture, stone pier wooden structure Pavilion building. It is mainly made of wood and stone, with 2 sets, 3 piers and 4 holes. There are 5 tower type kiosks and 19 bridge corridors on the piers and abutments, which are connected with each other. The pavilions in the bridge have high cornices, and the pilasters, tile eaves and carvings of the bridge. Yongji bridge in Chengyang is the epitome of architecture, which integrates corridor, pavilion and tower. It has unique charm in the history of Chinese and foreign architecture. It is the representative work of the wind and rain bridge in Dongzhai, the best preserved and largest scale wind and rain bridge at present, the crystallization of the wisdom of the people of Dongxiang, and the art treasure of Chinese wooden architecture.

On February 23, 1982, Yongji bridge in Chengyang was announced as the second batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council of the people's Republic of China.

Historical evolution

Fengyu bridge is the representative of Dong architecture, which integrates corridors, pavilions, towers and pavilions. Most Dong villages are built on both sides of rivers and streams, and live across rivers. The bridge is an important transportation hub. The pavilions on the bridge are for people to rest, get together and exchange, and shelter from the wind and rain, so they are called "Fengyu bridge".

Chengyang Yongji bridge, also known as Chengyang Fengyu bridge and Chengyang Huilong bridge, is located 20 kilometers north of Sanjiang County, Liuzhou City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (in Linxi town). It was built in 1912 and 1924.

In 1936, a mountain torrent broke out, and three pavilions in the south of Yongji bridge in Chengyang were washed away. Three years later, the restoration work began, and two years later, the restoration was completed.

In 1984, due to the second flood disaster, two piers of Chengyang Yongji bridge were washed down. Once again, Yongji bridge was repaired on a large scale, which took two years. The existing Chengyang Yongji bridge was rebuilt in 1985.

Site features

Yongji bridge in Chengyang is a typical Dong building, which is of wood stone structure. It is mainly made of wood and stone. It is the representative work of Fengyu bridge in Dong village. Its architectural feature is that the whole bridge does not need to be nailed and riveted, and the large and small pieces of wood and chiseled wood are connected by tenon. The whole structure, oblique through straight sets, crisscross, but not bad.

The wood structure building with bucket is a common structural form in the traditional architecture of southern China, which is widely used in the minority areas in mountainous areas. The pavilion and Gallery of Yongji bridge in Chengyang adopts this kind of structure. It has both the architectural color of ancient Baiyue people's pole column and the craft of Han people's palace.

The method of "adding wood on the wood, layer by layer" and rigid consolidation of the upper wood structure on the fulcrum of the lower composite beam of Chengyang Yongji bridge can not only obtain a larger span, but also increase the bearing capacity and the height of the bridge deck.

In addition, the cantilever beam takes the bridge pier as the fulcrum. If there is no heavy load, it is easy to overturn. Therefore, the five pavilions built on the bridge are not only for artistic and functional considerations, but also play the role of gravity balance to increase the stability of the bridge, so that the main beam with a load of nearly 100 tons can be safely fixed and reduce the deformation in the middle of the span. The whole design is very consistent with the mechanical principle.

Cultural relics

overview

Chengyang Yongji bridge, which spans Linxi River, is a pavilion type building with stone piers and wood structure, with 2 sets, 3 piers and 4 holes. There are 5 tower type kiosks and 19 bridge corridors on the piers and abutments, which are connected with each other. There are five multi angle tower shaped pavilions in the bridge, with high cornices, pilasters, tile eaves and carved flowers.

Chengyang Yongji bridge is composed of pier, span, deck and roof.

pier

The piers of Chengyang Yongji bridge are all made of huge bluestone. Each pier is 2.5 meters wide and 8.2 meters long. The two ends of the plane are 69 ° 40 'acute angle, which is flat hexagon. The upper and lower corners are sharp, so as to reduce the impact of flood. The pier spacing is 17.3m.

Bridge span

Chengyang Yongji bridge pier is a timber beam outrigger structure, which makes up for the defects caused by the insufficient length of fir in the main beam of the bridge. On the bridge pier, four rows of thick fir are used to form beams. There are two rows of nine fir in each row, which are connected by tenon. They are overhanging to both sides in the form of balance. Each layer is overhanging for a certain distance (about 2m) to both sides. On the upper two rows, there are four thick and long fir in each layer The sample is connected with wooden tenon and erected between two piers to bear the main load of the bridge.

deck

The deck of Chengyang Yongji bridge is made of fir and paved with planks. The bridge is 64.4 meters long, 3.4 meters wide and 10.6 meters high.

roof

There are five tower pavilions on the Yongji bridge in Chengyang. The central bridge pavilion is the highest, which is a four story hexagonal pagoda Pavilion, which is Tingyi style. On both sides of the central bridge pavilion, there is a slightly lower four story pagoda Pavilion, which is called dongxietai Pavilion, which has multiple eaves and pinnacles. On both ends of the bridge, there is a four story hall Pavilion, which is called dongxiedon Pavilion, which has multiple eaves and peaks. It integrates three basic shapes of Dong Drum Tower a suit.

The top of the pavilion is decorated with gourds made of red clay, symbolizing good luck. There are four gourds and inverted fish on the tile beams between the bridge pavilions; each painted eaves corner has a woodcarving fairy bird with bright color. The bridge cover of Yongji bridge in Chengyang adopts green tiles and white ridge berms, forming a clear horizontal line division of black and white, giving people a solemn and elegant artistic beauty.

History and culture

Arts and culture

Mr. Guo Moruo once wrote a poem: "Yan said that Linxi Fengyu bridge is twenty Zhang long and four feet high.". Chongling Liange is a wonderful place for people to enjoy themselves, and the dikes flow into Wangyao. Bamboo and wood are stronger than iron, and the tea forest is thriving for thousands of years. When do you have to go to Sanjiang road to learn how to plow and hoe.

Legends and anecdotes

Preliminary construction of bridge

The Yongji bridge in Chengyang was built in 1912 by the "Shoushi group" of 50 elders from eight villages in Chengyang. They mobilized people to donate money, wood, grain and labor. They invited "Sangba" (stonecutter) and "Sangmei" (Carpenter). It took 12 years to build the bridge in 1924. It takes four years to chisel stones, prepare materials and build piers, three years to pull wood and frame beams, and five years to erect pavilions, cover tiles and decorate.

Human legend

The Yongji bridge in Chengyang, which is a simple building, embodies the wisdom and sweat of the Dong people, as well as the moving legend of the loving couple rescued by Hualong. Cheng Yang - Dong Township, there is a legend about Hualong rescuing young couples: one day, a newly married young couple crossed the bridge, but a gust of wind suddenly blew up at the bottom of the river and swept the woman away. It turned out that the crabs in the river took a fancy to the woman and made trouble. The husband was so anxious that he cried by the river that he almost wanted to go to the river with his wife... The cry startled a flower dragon at the bottom of the water. He was moved by the man's infatuation, so he killed the crab essence and rescued the woman. The loving couple finally reunited. In memory of Hualong, later generations rebuilt the small wooden bridge on the river into a gallery style Fengyu bridge, engraved the image of Hualong on the column, and called it Huilong bridge. Because it can make people avoid the wind and rain, people also call it Fengyu bridge.

Chengyang Yongji bridge model

When Hong Kong returned to China in 1997, the people's Government of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region presented a gift to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. This is Yang Siyu, the third generation descendant of Cheng Yang's Yongji bridge family, who made the model of Cheng Yang's Yongji bridge on the basis of Cheng Yang's Yongji bridge built by his grandfather that year.

Cultural relic value

Yongji bridge in Chengyang is the epitome of architecture, which integrates bridge, corridor and pavilion. It has unique charm in the history of Chinese and foreign architecture. It is the representative work of the wind and rain bridge in Dongzhai, the best preserved and largest scale wind and rain bridge at present, the crystallization of the wisdom of the people of Dongxiang, and the art treasure of Chinese wooden architecture.

When the bridge was first built, under the condition that the wooden structure bridge gradually disappeared in other areas, Chengyang Yongji bridge still retained the wooden structure bridge, which should be paid attention to and protected.

According to relevant records, Chengyang Yongji bridge is as famous as the stone arch Zhaozhou Bridge, Tiesuo Luding Bridge in China and the invented "woqiao bridge on the steel beam nova in Rome", which is one of the four famous historical bridges in the world.

Cultural relics protection

On February 23, 1982, Yongji bridge in Chengyang was announced as the second batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council of the people's Republic of China.

Tourism information

geographical position

Chengyang Yongji bridge is located in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region