Balsam pear

Balsam pear

(essential preparation of raw herbs)

[synonyms] pseudopoda (materia medica seeks the source), baochaicao, fengchuange (flora of Guangzhou), guidenglong, sanjiaopao, sanjiaodenglong (flora of Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine), Melia azedarach and eyegrass (materia medica of Quanzhou).

[source] it is the whole plant of the family Sapindus.

[plant morphology] fallen bell

Herbs twining one or two years old, soft, about 4 m tall, somewhat pilose. The stem and branch have obvious grooves. Leaves usually 2-3-compound, alternate, ovate or ovate lanceolate, 5-9 cm long, acute, margin coarsely serrate, smooth glabrous. Inflorescence axillary, peduncle 5-7 cm long, near the top part of the branch there are 2, 3 tendrils. The flowers are divided into several subumbelliform cymes; bisexual flowers, 4 calyx, 2 outer ones are slightly smaller; petals are white, 4 outer ones, different in size, two of which are extra large, often bonded with sepals, 1 large and flat scale on the base, 1 coronoid scale on the other 2; stamens 8, ovary superior, 3-locular; stamens are similar to bisexual flowers, but pistils degenerate. Capsule, membranous, inflated obovate, trigonous, apex truncate, often pilose. Seeds black, globose. The flowering period is July.

Born in the wilderness, the edge of the village and in the bush. It is distributed in Southwest China, Guangdong, Guangxi and Taiwan.

[collection] harvest in summer and autumn.

[medicinal material] the whole plant is dry, the stem is 2-4 mm thick, yellow green, with deep longitudinal grooves, slender branches, more or less hairy, brittle, easy to break, and rough section. The leaves are mostly fallen off and broken, and only petioles are left. The leaflets are ovate or ovate lanceolate, dark green. Flowers pale yellow, dry, with immature triangular capsule attached to the inflorescence stalk top, below tendrils. The taste is slightly bitter. It is better to have more leaves and dry feet.

Produced in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian and other places.

[chemical composition] the air dried seeds contained 11% moisture, 3% ash, 2% total nitrogen, 2% organic phosphorylates and 32% fatty oil.

The glyceride of seed oil contains eicosen-11-acid 42%, palmitic acid 3%, linolenic acid 8%, linoleic acid 8%, oleic acid 22%, stearic acid 2%, arachidic acid 10%, low molecular weight acid and C22 acid, a total of 5%. The characteristic of seed oil is that it contains about 55% cyanides, 49% of which is 1-cyano-2-hydroxymethylpropene-2-ol-1 diacylglycerol. 6% is diglyceride of 1-cyano-2-hydroxymethylpropene-1-ol-3.

The seed is rich in mucilaginous substance and saponin.

[pharmacological action] seed oil has antihypertensive effect on anesthetized dogs, which starts quickly and lasts for 1.5 hours; the antihypertensive effect of ethanol extract of seed oil can last for 2-4 hours.

[nature and taste] 1. In the book of preparation for the nature of raw herbs, it is said that "the taste is bitter and the nature is cold. "

⑦ "Quanzhou Materia Medica": "Xingan light, slightly cold, non-toxic. "

[Guijing] Quanzhou materia medica: "into the liver and kidney. "

Functions and indications: clearing away heat, promoting diuresis, cooling blood and detoxifying. Treatment of jaundice, gonorrhea, sores, blisters, scabies, snake bites.

① "Preparation of the nature of raw herbal medicine": "cool the blood, eliminate the sores, remove the Yellow Qi, and manage the snakebite. "

② "Lingnan medicine collection record" says: "when you wash scabies with boiling water, you should take less medicine. "

③ "Nanning medicine annals": "anti inflammation and detoxification, internal and external application for treatment of snake injury and testicular heat swelling in children. Decocting water to wash white blister sores and scrotal swelling and pain. "

④ "Guangxi Traditional Chinese medicine annals": "treating children's head sores and blister sores. "

⑤ "Quanzhou Materia Medica": "clearing heat and detoxification, removing blood stasis, clearing five kinds of drenching, and promoting urination. Indications: all kinds of gonorrhea, dysuria, traumatic injury. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 3-5 yuan (1-2 Liang fresh). External use: tamping or frying and washing.

[selection] 1. Treatment of Zhulin: three coins for dry falling bell and two coins for money mint. Fried soup.

② Cure defecation and defecation impassability: dry fall to the ground bell five money. Fried soup with yellow rice wine.

③ Treatment of diabetes: brown grass and fresh grass. Take it by frying.

④ Treatment of traumatic injuries: three to five dollars for falling bell. At the end of the study, the wine was soaked in clothes.

⑤ Treatment: pour the bell fresh grass and cold rice grain and salt a little tamp on the affected area. (1) Quanzhou materia medica

⑥ Treatment of pertussis: three to five dollars for downing bell hay. Take it with water and rock sugar. (Minnan folk herbal medicine)