Taibai ginseng

Taibai ginseng

(Shaanxi Chinese herbal medicine)

[synonym] Taibai ginseng and black ginseng (Shaanxi Chinese herbal medicine).

[source] it is the rhizome of Pedicularis davidii, Pedicularis vulgaris, Pedicularis dunnii and Pedicularis aesthetica.

[plant morphology] 1. Pedicularis davidii

Perennial herbs, slightly black after drying, 50-100 cm high. The root is thick, yellow white and fleshy. Stem cylindrical, angular, hollow. Leaves alternate, ovate oblong, generally about 7 cm long and 2 cm wide, lower leaves larger, pinnately divided; lobes linear oblong, pinnately lobed, secondary lobes ovate, double serrated; basal leaves and lower leaves long petiole. Raceme terminal; pedicel short, slender; calyx membranous, ovate cylindrical and oblique, 3 calyx teeth; corolla yellow, about twice as long as calyx, the upright part of galea twisted on its own axis, covering the base of stamen part strongly twisted, so that its slender beak pointed to the back, beak often rolled into a semicircle, or proximal slightly S-shaped; lower lip large, often spread at right angles to the tube axis The lateral fissure is longitudinal and wide kidney shaped. Capsule, elliptic. The flowering period is from June to August. The fruit period is from August to September.

Most of them grow in high mountains and fertile soil. It is distributed in Gansu and Shaanxi provinces.

② Pedicularis vulgaris

Perennial herbs, up to 1 meter high, hairy. The rhizome is stout and fleshy. The stem is round. Leaves alternate, lanceolate linear, 3-15 cm long, 0.8-2.2 cm wide, pinnately lobed, lobes oblong to lanceolate, margin doubly serrate, both sides hairy; sessile. Inflorescence long spike shape, long jig more than 30 cm, its hair more glandular; calyx narrowly bell shaped, densely covered with white glandular hairs, calyx teeth 5, ovate and serrate; corolla white, floral tube about 2 times or more long than calyx, densely covered with hairs, upper part of helmet purplish red, forehead yellow, lower lip lobes 3, long ciliate; filaments glabrous; style does not protrude. Capsule broadly ovoid, 13 mm long, apex spiny. The seeds are oval in shape: the flowering period is from July to August. The fruit period is from August to September.

In grass slope or shrub. Distributed in Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Shaanxi and other places.

③ Pedicularis dunnii

Perennial herb, long hairy, up to 160 cm in height. The rhizome is thick and fleshy, connected to the root neck with a thin flagellate rhizome. There is a dense cluster of fibrous roots around the root neck. Stem terete, stout, upper part purplish red. Leaves alternate, long lanceolate, pinnate to 1 / 4 from midvein, lobes lanceolate oblong, up to 15 on each side, with lobules or double serrations, and sparse hairs on both sides. Spikes 20 cm long, glandular hairy; calyx densely glandular hairy, serrate; corolla large, yellow, 20 mm long, tube 12 mm long, hairy, helmet erect part slightly forward bow, stamen containing part turning forward to boat shaped, lower margin hairy; lower lip as long as helmet. Capsule ovoid oblong. The flowering period is from March to June.

Born on high hillside. Distributed in Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan and other places.

④ Pedicularis americana

Perennial herbs. Stem with white sparse hairs. Leaves linear lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, calyx smaller, often less than 4 mm, rarely up to 5.5 mm, many teeth narrowly triangular and almost entire; flower tube generally slender, more than 3 times of calyx; style protruding from beak end. Capsule ovoid and slightly flat.

It grows in grass slope and sparse forest. It is distributed in Shaanxi, Gansu, Hubei, Sichuan and other places.

[collection] harvest in autumn and air dry.

[nature and taste] Handbook of commonly used Chinese herbal medicines in the North: "sweet, slightly bitter, warm. "

[functions and indications] ① Manual of commonly used Chinese herbal medicine in the North: "tonifying deficiency, strengthening spleen and stomach, anti-inflammatory and analgesic. "

② Shaanxi Chinese herbal medicine: "nourishing yin and kidney, tonifying middle and Qi, strengthening spleen and stomach. Treatment of physical weakness, kidney deficiency, bone steaming hot, joint pain, do not want to eat. "

[usage and dosage] orally take Jiantang, 3-5 yuan (large dose 1-2 Liang); or stewed meat.

[prescription selection] 1. Treatment of dizziness due to deficiency of body: Taibaishen, dangshen, Xixin. Take it in water. (Handbook of commonly used Chinese herbal medicines in North China)

② Treatment of bone steaming hot, joint pain: Taibai ginseng 42 to half a Jin, stewed pork or pig feet, fractional food. (Shaanxi Chinese herbal medicine)