sea cucumber

(Materia Medica from the beginning)

[source] it is the whole body of sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) or other species of sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus).

[animal form] Apostichopus japonicus (Materia Medica from the new), also known as sand bang, sea rat.

The body is tubular in length, 20-40 cm in length and 3-6 cm in width. The ventral surface is flat, yellowish brown or reddish brown, and the tube feet are arranged into three irregular longitudinal zones along the ventral surface. Abaxial surface yellowish brown or chestnut brown, slightly raised, with 4-6 rows of conical spines with irregular arrangement. The mouth is at the front end, partial to the ventral surface, surrounded by 20 branched tactile fingers with a tactile capsule; there is a mastoid at the base of the tactile finger and the back of the mouth. The genital foramen is located in the mastoid.

It lives in the shallow sea where the rock bottom and mud bottom are luxuriant, the wave current is steady and there is no fresh water injection. It feeds on small animals and plants, such as foraminifera, gastropods, copepods, diatoms and organic matter mixed in sediment. The reproductive period is from May to July. After spawning, it will go into the rock to sleep in summer. It is distributed in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea of China.

In addition, there are several species of Guangshen, which belong to Cucurbitaceae. They are mainly produced in the coastal areas of Fujian and Guangdong, and their quality is inferior.

The intestines of this animal (sea cucumber intestines) are also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

[collection] after the sea cucumber is caught, remove the internal organs, clean the sediment in the cavity, put it into the appropriate salt water and cook for about 1 hour, then take it out and cool it. After being exposed to the sun or baked until it is 80% or 90% dry, then put it into the liquid of Salicornia leaf and slightly cook it until the color turns black, then take it out and dry it in the sun.

[chemical constituents] it contains sterol and triterpenol, in which there is sea cucumber toxin. The yield is 8.7 mg%. It is an antimycotic agent. It can inhibit many kinds of molds at the concentration of 6.25-25 μ g / ml. The molecular ratio of hexosamine, hexuronic acid and sulfuric acid is 2:1:1. The other glycoprotein contains about 60% fucose.

The water content, crude protein content, crude fat content and ash content of dried sea cucumber were 21.55%, 55.51%, 1.85% and 21.09%, respectively. The content of water, protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, calcium, phosphorus and iron in the sea cucumber is 76%, 21.5%, 0.3%, 1.1%, 1.1%, 118 mg, 22 mg and 1.4 mg respectively. Each kilogram of dried sea cucumber contains 6000 micrograms of iodine.

[flavor] salty, warm.

① "Materia Medica from the new": sweet and salty, warm. "

② Research on medicinal properties: "salty, cold. "

③ "Ben Cao Qiu yuan": "sweet and salty, slightly cold, slippery, non-toxic. "

[Guijing] 1. Bencao Zaixin: "entering the heart and kidney meridians. "

② Summary of materia medica: "enter the Taiyin and Shaoyin meridians of hands and feet. "

Functions and indications: tonifying kidney and essence, nourishing blood and removing dryness. Treatment of blood loss, weakness, fatigue, impotence, dreaminess, frequent urination, intestinal dryness and difficulty.

① "Materia Medica from the new": "tonifying kidney and essence, strengthening yang and treating impotence. "

② "Property test": "reduce fire and nourish kidney, dredge intestines and moisten dryness, eliminate fatigue and fear. "

③ Food Taboo: "tonifying kidney meridian, benefiting essence, eliminating phlegm and saliva, taking urine, strengthening yang, treating impotence, killing sores and insects. "

④ In the compendium of compendium, it is said that "it can produce a hundred blood vessels and treat dysentery at rest. "

⑤ "Ben Cao Qiu yuan": "moisten five zang organs, nourish essence and benefit water. "

⑥ "Suixiju diet spectrum": "Nourishing Yin, nourishing blood, strengthening yang, moistening dryness, regulating menstruation, nourishing fetus, benefiting production. All postpartum, disease, aging and frail, it is appropriate to simmer with ham or pig food. "

⑦ Modern practical Chinese medicine: "it's nourishing. For tuberculosis, neurasthenia and hemophilia like bleeding patients, used as hemostatic agent. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoct soup, cook food or take pills.

[taboo] 1. In the book of Materia Medica, it is forbidden to use it with astringent taste. "

② "Suixiju diet spectrum": "if the spleen is weak and does not move, if there is too much phlegm, it will slide, and if the guest pathogen is not exhausted, it can not be eaten. "

[prescription selection] ① for low back pain, dream legacy and ejaculation: one kilogram of sea cucumber, four pairs of whole (stir fried with wine), Morinda officinalis (stir fried with salt water), ragged paper, tortoise shell, glue (decortication), ten pairs of sheep kidney (decortication), eight pairs of semen (stir fried with salt water), one hundred walnuts and ten pieces of pig spinal cord (decortication). Research fine powder, and pills. Four yuan for each, warm wine. (Haishen pill, Chinese Medical Dictionary)

② Treatment of deficiency fire dry knot: sea cucumber, fungus (cut rotten), into the pig large intestine cooking. (Research on medicinal properties)

③ Treatment of dysentery: sea cucumber daily decoction. (collection of compendium)