Cowpea

Cowpea

(Ningxia Chinese herbal medicine manual)

[synonym] Sophora flavescens and Cassia obtusifolia (Ningxia Chinese herbal medicine manual), Cassia obtusifolia and Sophora alopecuroides (Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia green Chinese herbal medicine selection).

[source] it is the whole grass of leguminous plant Huanghua lanceolate.

[plant morphology] Hemerocallis lanceolata

Perennial herb, 10-40 cm high, glabrous. Rhizome slender, yellowish brown, with a few fibrous roots. Stem erect, slightly branched, with fine longitudinal lines on the surface. Leaflets obovate oblong or oblanceolate, 2.5-8.5 cm long, 7-20 mm wide, apex acute, base cuneate, smooth above, densely flat pubescent below; stipules 2, opposite, base united, raceme terminal; bracts 3, base united; flowers ca. 3 cm long; calyx tubular, ca. 1.6 cm long; corolla butterfly, yellow. The pods are strip-shaped, 5-9 cm long and 7-12 mm wide. Seeds reniform, dark brown, glossy. The flowering period is from June to July. The fruit period is from July to August.

It is found in riverine grassland, sand dune, roadside and field. It is distributed in Northeast, North and northwest of China.

[collection] harvest, sun dry or air dry the fruits from July to September.

[chemical constituents] the whole herb contains 0.5-3% alkaloids, mainly including genistein, wogonine, mimetic wogonine, ozonine, methylgenistein, chickpeanine, Argentine, lupine, rhombophylline and flavone. The content of alkaloids in the seeds was 5%, and the main component was genistein, followed by sinomenine, chickpea alkaloid and ozonine.

(1) expectorant effect

Quancao extract can directly excite the vomiting and respiratory center, stimulate the sensory nerve endings of stomach, and reflexively promote the secretion of bronchus. It can also be used with root spitting to remove phlegm and accelerate breathing.

② Effect on respiration

Coumarin or genistein, acting like nicotine, can stimulate respiration reflexively. Injection of genistein 0.02 mg / kg or 1.5 mg / animal into femoral vein of anesthetized cats can stimulate respiration strongly. At the same time, the heart rate is accelerated and the blood pressure rises sharply. After that, it will return to normal quickly with the disappearance of respiratory excitation. The results showed that the excitatory effect of genistein 0.06 mg / kg was not only much stronger than that of the same dose of daphnetin, but also slightly stronger than that of 5 times (0.3 mg / kg) of daphnetin. The action of methylgenistein is similar to that of genistein, but 10-12 times weaker than that of methylgenistein.

③ Other functions

The results showed that the inhibitory effect of nicotine on plant ganglion was moderate. Chickpea alkaloid can block the vegetative ganglion for a short time, reduce the reactivity of adrenal cortex and carotid sinus, and increase the tension of uterine muscle. Coumarin can also inhibit ganglion impulse conduction, but it is weak, and has curare like effect. The dried plants can kill insects (contact poison), and the whole herb extract can drive intestinal insects. Intravenous injection of the leaf extract can deepen and speed up breathing, increase blood pressure and increase heart rate.

[nature and taste] Handbook of Chinese herbal medicine in Ningxia: "sweet, slightly warm, toxic. "

"Expectorant and antitussive effects of Chinese herbal medicine" manual. It can cure cough, phlegm and asthma. "

[usage and dosage] oral: decoction, 2-4 yuan.

[selected prescription] for cough, phlegm and asthma: mumadou and Suzi are three coins each. Take it in water. (Ningxia Chinese herbal medicine manual)