Wintersweet Flower

Wintersweet Flower

(compendium)

[synonyms] Chimonanthus praecox (rescue materia medica), yellow plum (compendium), iron chopsticks flower, snow flower (Guiyang folk herbs).

[source] it is the flower bud of chimonanthaceae.

[plant morphology] Chimonanthus praecox (compendium), also known as Lamu, yansang and malodorous Chimonanthus praecox.

Deciduous shrub, 2-4m high. The stem clumps out, many branches, skin gray white. Leaves opposite, short petiole, without stipules, ovate or oblong lanceolate, 7-15 cm long and 3-7 cm wide, apex acuminate, entire, base cuneate or round, dark green and bright above, rough when old, light green and smooth below, sometimes slightly sparse hairy on veins. Flowers open before leaves, yellow and full of fragrance; perianth is mostly petal like, arranged in multi-layer imbricate shape, inner perianth is small, middle perianth is large, yellow, thin and slightly glossy, outer layer is mostly fine scales; stamens are 5-6, anthers are extroverted; carpels are mostly separated, inserted on the inner surface of receptacle; ovary ovate, 1-locular. Achene, elliptic, dark purple brown, sparsely fine white hair, 1 seed inside.

It is planted all over China.

The roots and stems (iron chopsticks) of this plant are also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

[collection] picking, sun drying or drying from January to February.

[herbal medicine] the dried flower buds are round, rectangular or obovate, 1-1.5 cm long and 0.4-0.8 cm wide. The perianth is overlapped in bud shape, brownish yellow. The lower part is covered by most membranous scales. The scales are yellowish brown, slightly triangular and hairy. It is fragrant, slightly sweet, bitter and slightly greasy. There are two kinds of commodities: 1. Chimonanthus praecox, with yellow heart and double petals, round and large petals and large flowers. ② Calycanthus gouxinensis has a red heart, single petal, narrow and sharp petals, small flowers and inferior quality. It is better to have yellow flower center, complete and full without opening.

Produced in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Sichuan, Guizhou and other places.

[chemical constituents] the flower contains volatile oil, including 1,8-cineole, borneol, linalool, benzyl alcohol, benzyl acetate, farnesol, terpineol, indole, etc. It also contains calycanthine, isocalycanthine, chimoside and α - carotene. The seed contains calycanthine, 5.6% unsaponifiable matter, 22% saturated fatty acids (palmitic acid, stearic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, etc.), 46% monoolefinic fatty oil, 25% linoleic acid and 7% linolenic acid. The leaves contain calycanthine.

[pharmacological action] myricetin can cause convulsions in mammals, and its action is similar to strychnine. The average lethal dose of intravenous injection was 43.79 ± 1.89 mg / kg in mice and 17.16 ± 0.82 mg / kg in rats. It is more toxic to rabbits, ranging from 10 mg to 40 mg. It will definitely die after intravenous injection. The maximum tolerated dose is 7.5 mg. The toxic dose caused excitation to all the three animals, but inhibition to frogs. It can also reduce blood sugar by intravenous injection in rabbits. There was no effect on the number of blood cells. The effect of intestine on the uterus of guinea pig was weak. In anesthetized cats and dogs, it can inhibit the heart and reduce blood pressure. But some people think it won't cause hypotension.

[nature and taste] 1. Salvaging materia medica: "it tastes sweet and slightly bitter. "

② "Compendium": "pungent, warm, non-toxic. "

[function indications] relieving heat and promoting fluid production. Treatment of fever, thirst, chest tightness, cough, soup fire injury.

① The compendium of Medical Sciences: "relieving summer heat and promoting fluid production. "

② "Zhejiang Manual of traditional Chinese medicine": "treatment of heat, chest warming, distension and thirst, infantile measles, pertussis. "

③ "Zhi Yao Zhi of Jiangsu Province:" it is used to treat upset, thirsty, qi stagnation and stomach depression. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 1-2 yuan. External use: oil coating.

[prescription selection] ① for chronic cough: iron chopsticks cost three yuan. Take boiled water. (Guiyang folk herbs)

② Treatment of soup fire: wax plum (to) tea oil immersion (coating). (collection of herbs in Lingnan)