Drum dance

Drum dance

Hani rhythm and drum dance is a kind of sacrificial dance of Hani people on the traditional festival "Onmatu". The dance is vigorous and bold, vigorous, simple and free, showing the same personality as the Hani People's Mountain and the same feelings as the forest. The rhythm and drum inspiration originated in the ancient times when the Hani people lived by hunting.

In November 2014, the handcuffs and drums declared by Jianshui County of Yunnan Province were listed in the fourth batch of national intangible cultural heritage list with the approval of the State Council.

historical origin

In order to contact and invite hunters during hunting, people inadvertently found that the hollow trees in the mountains would make a noise, so they cut hollow logs and stretched the cowhide to make drums. In addition to contacting and inviting hunters, drums can also play a role of attracting prey by tapping gently sometimes. If a single person or a small number of people encounter a beast, stormy beating can also play the role of self-defense of the beast running under the mouth.

The simple, deep, dignified, rhythmic and mysterious dance moves the audience's thoughts to the ancient Hani tribe, witnessing the heroic struggle between the Hani ancestors and nature. With the development of society, they imitated the farming action of agricultural production, which made the rhythm inspiration develop abundantly. Especially the discovery and utilization of copper began to have the rhythm inspiration, which became the real rhythm inspiration. Handcuffs represent the fullness of millet and drums represent the abundance of millet grains. Now, handcuffs and drums are the main activities to pray for a full crop, a good harvest of grain or to celebrate festivals and festivals.

Especially the Hani people's traditional ritual of "sacrificing dragons" which prays for good weather and good luck is inseparable from the rhythm and drum. They always carry the rhythm and drum through the whole process. Every festival, Hani set up a rhythm drum farm in the forest, singing a long narrative song of "Haba" in memory of their ancestors'achievements, dancing rough and vigorous, reflecting the ancient social life of the Hani people and the arduous encouragement of digging terraces. When dancing, first of all, the prestigious and respectful elders elected to preside over the opening ceremony, toast on gongs and drums, hold handcuffs around the table three times, salute to the four directions, and then knock the gongs three times to show the beginning. Afterwards, the dancer holds the handcuffed drum, beats and dances, forms a circle, the drum beater is outside, the handcuffer is in the center. When dancing, the center of gravity of the body moves down, the legs continue to flex and stretch, and the body fluctuates up and down. At this time, Hani women are standing hand in hand in two lines, dancing a simple, deep, vigorous, rigid and soft dance. The whole dance is simple and vigorous, deep and powerful, novel in rhythm and enthusiastic and unrestrained, which makes people feel a kind of male masculinity beauty, and vividly reflects the Hani people's strong and simple character and perseverance of the national spirit.

Inheritance significance

Haniduo Drum Encouragement was once praised as "the art of world style". It was praised at the opening and closing ceremonies of the National Minority Sports Games and the Third China Art Festival for its touching power. He won the highest prize in the Chinese Encouragement Competition held in the capital, the Shanhua Prize. The rhythm and drum show the great national character of the Hani people's ancestors, who are persistent, persevering, united and struggling, breaking through all difficulties and dangers, and heading for the ideal goal. The drum dance is one of the important heritage of Hani's ancient culture. It is not only the essence of Hani dance, but also has important value for studying Hani's history and the prosperity of today's national dance art.