Lishui drum words

Lishui drum words

Lishui Drum Ci is a popular rap art in Liandu and its surrounding areas in Lishui City, Zhejiang Province. Lishui Drum Ci originated from the Tang Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Li Shimin, it was popular in the 1950s and 1970s. In order to enrich the cultural life of the masses and publicize the Party's policies and policies, it was usually sung in rural areas during the leisure season. Lishui Drum Ci is a slab cavity, often used in narrative or endorsement with a steady rhythm of four or two beats. The accompanying instruments are "tanggu" and "cut".

On November 11, 2014, Lishui Drum Ci was approved by the State Council and listed in the fourth batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

Historical origin

Lishui Drum Ci was sung in Lishui dialect, which had no proven origin, but it was very popular in Jiadao period of Qing Dynasty at the latest. According to the 26-year edition of Lishui County Chronicle by Qing Daoguang, Tu Benren (who served in Lishui County from 1805 to 1826) was an orator of Lishui County. He tasted with such customs and events as Lei Xuehai's poetry singing and Shangyuan Lantern Club and Madame Shunyi (Mrs. Chen XIV) worshiping in the ancestral hall of Quanzhou. Among them, such words as "singing poetry and paying for Qu Meng, harmony between God and Spring", "smoke lanterns in the ancestral of Boli Temple, and Bazan singing Blind Zhigong". In the third year of Tongzhi's reign in Qing Dynasty, Yunhe County Chronicle, Custom Chapter, there is an article "Yingshen Trivial Records" written by Liu Xiangfeng, a famous scholar in the county. Among them, Yun: "There are people singing"Madame's Ci"in the western town of Liyi, who narrate different things and are well known by the common customs." It can be seen that the drumming and singing activities with "Madame Singing" as the main content were very common in Lishui city and countryside at that time. By the 22nd year of Guangxu, Lishui Drum Ci artists had their own guild organization, "Drum Ci Xing" (known as "Madam Xing"). When the folk sought happiness, welcomed auspicious, dispelled diseases and evils, singing "Madam Ci" had become a fashion. In the fifteenth year of the Republic of China, Lishui Drum Ci Industry will reorganize and revise its rules and regulations, stipulating that artists must meet at "Madame Temple" on the seventh day of July every year. At that time, Lishui Drum Ci was not only very active in the territory, but also spread to adjacent Yunhe County and Zhangcun area of Qingtian County.

In the early period of liberation, there were more than 70 drum CI artists in Lishui County. The Cultural Department organized many times to study and train them. They successively created many songs, such as "Three Ages Enemy", "Little Two Black Marriage", "White-haired Girl", "Eye Digger Xu Gujin", "Suppression of Counter-Revolution", "Moon Red", "Huang Jiguang" and "Selling the Surplus Grain", which were propaganda and singing in coordination with previous political movements. During the Cultural Revolution, traditional drums were banned, and artists changed careers or lost their jobs. Since the 1980s, a small number of artists have returned to their old careers to make a living singing "Madame's Ci". The more famous and still alive artists are Zhang Shuijin of Lishui. He has a rich repertoire and a sweet voice. He is good at singing "Chasing Han Xin", "Nine Dragon Whip", "Silver Cup Record" and so on. His narrative is clear and easy to understand. When speaking, he sings like a man and an elephant woman. Everywhere you go, you are welcome.

Classic tracks

There are many traditional repertoires of Lishui Drum Ci. In addition to Madame Chen XIV, Guan Shiyin, Luoyang Bridge and Jiulong Whip, which are commonly used by Lishui, Yunhe and Zhangcun, there are also long-standing repertoires with regional features in Lishui, Yunhe and Zhangcun. For example, Lishui has nearly 20 copies such as "Sun Pavilion", "Silver Cup Record", "Poetry Fan House". Yunhe has more than 10 copies such as "Shuanglong Club", "Double Lions Tu", "Woman's Queen". Zhangcun has more than 10 copies such as "Flying Dragon Sword", "Pearl Tower" and "Qingmei Ji". The longest "Mrs. Chen 14" can sing for seven days and seven nights. In addition, there are many short songs which do not have the plot, such as "Bet and sigh", "Mother-in-law's advice", "Brother's advice", "Prodigal son's return". In 1956, Yun and Xu Dengming's new drum Lyric "Blindness and Heart Red" won an award in Lishui and participated in the provincial art festival the following year.

representative figure

Zhang Yongjin artists have been to Suichang, Songyang, Jingning, Yunhe, Jinhua, Qingtian, Wenzhou, Longquan and other places to sing.

His performances include: Mong Lijun, Chop Han Xin, Pearl Tower, Tianbao Tu, Peony Pavilion, Bu Du Ji, Bet and Sigh.

Local repertoire: Bihu Scenery, Jiulong Whip, Bu Du Ji, Bag Ji, Huapai Ji, Yinyang Jiao, Blood Diary Ji, Bet and sigh, Qingmei Ji, Peony Pavilion, Flower Selling Ji, Dragon Boat Sigh and so on; Little story "Fourteen Ladies", "Tianbao En", "Pearl Tower", "Meng Lijun", "Chop Hanxin" and more than 100 others. One.

artistic characteristics

The basic melody of Lishui Drum Ci, commonly known as "Lishui Drum Ci Tune", consists of two sentences, the upper and lower, mainly in the palace mode, the upper sentence or "Shang", or "feather" or "corner", and the next sentence is "palace", which is quite stable. Most of the melodies are composed of seven words.

Lishui Drum Ci is a slab cavity, often used for narration or endorsement with a steady rhythm of 42 beats. When angry, there is a slap board and scolding board with a beat appearing, with more words and less words. Lishui drum lyrics are mostly singing in single-stage, and the singers are blind. The accompanying instruments are "tanggu" and "cut". "Cut" is made of five pieces of pear wood or bamboo connected by ropes. When singing, take the sitting position, hold the "cut" batter in the left hand (strong beat), and beat the drum with a stick in the right hand. Before singing the original drum lyrics, it is often after the drum is quiet to sing a "soup head" (mostly a short passage of blessings, auspiciousness, warning, etc.) to attract the audience.

From the singing style, there are:

1. Sanjiang Rhyme: From the weir head - Shiniu is called Sanjiang Rhyme, that is, where the Bihu dialect is called Sanjiang Rhyme.

2. Qiyang Rhyme: After dressing up, sing.

3. Tian Jiangyun: Singing in Lishui dialect.

4. A clear word: no tone, clear pronunciation, singing in Lishui City. In addition, the singing style also has sad tune, happy tune and so on.

General accompaniment music: big drum, two drum boards, small gong, big gong, chaibu, etc. Places for performances: ancestral halls, alleys, pavilions, stage, farmer's home halls and so on.

Living condition

With the diversification of people's cultural activities, the situation of drum singing and lyrics is declining day by day, the number of practitioners is decreasing, while the old artists are gradually passing away, and they are facing the loss of biography. Only a few people like drum lyrics, occasionally performing in some festivals or in remote mountainous countryside. Artists can hardly survive by singing drum lyrics alone. Many have changed their professions. Some artists mainly sing "Madame 14" and "Singing Guanyin". At present, they are in an endangered situation in which artists and listeners are followed by few people.

Inheritance significance

Lishui Drum Ci, with its unique regional cultural flavor, flexible and convenient performance, regardless of place, has become a pearl in Lishui local folk art. Tracing back to the contents of drum ci, we are glad to find that in a long historical period, it not only carries the aesthetic wisdom of the people of Chuzhou, but also serves the people's spiritual ideas. In the past, the performance of drum lyrics was mostly related to local folk activities, daily entertainment, red and white happy events and praying for God. Drum lyricists were invited to perform. The activities of rap and singing performance "Madam Ci" which have been circulated to this day have a very strong sense of entertainment and prayer, reflecting people's unique ideology and ideological pursuit and unique value.