Guqin art (Jinling Qin school)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Guqin art (Jinling Qin school)

Applicant: Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province

Project No.: 65

Project No.: Ⅱ - 34

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Jiangsu Province

Type: Extension Project

Applicant: Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province

Protected by: cultural center of Qinhuai District, Nanjing

Introduction to Guqin art (Jinling Qin school)

Applicant: Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province

Guqin, also known as "Qin", "Qixian Qin", also known as "Lvqi", "Sitong", is a kind of flat stringed musical instrument. Guqin art is the oldest, the highest level of art in Chinese history, and the most national spirit, aesthetic taste and traditional artistic characteristics of instrumental music performance form, in addition to solo, also includes singing and playing both Qin song and Qin Xiao ensemble. According to the archaeological data, the shape of Guqin was complete in Han Dynasty. Through the creative development of daiqin people and literati, Guqin art has become more and more mature and perfect. It is closely related to social life, history, philosophy and literature. It has made great achievements in the accumulation of repertoire, playing skills, temperament, inheritance methods and Guqin technology, showing rich humanistic connotation.

Jinling Guqin school is one of the schools of Guqin art in China. It was formed in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty. Its artistic activities are mainly concentrated in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. In history, Jinling Qin school and other Qin schools used for reference and complemented each other, which promoted the all-round development of Guqin art. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, there were representatives of Jinling Qin school, such as Huang Mianzhi and Yang Zongji. The Jinling Qin club founded by Huang Mianzhi gave the Qin world a full appreciation of Jinling. In 1934, Wang Xinkui, Xu Yuanbai, Xia Yifeng and others initiated the establishment of Qingxi Qin society. While invigorating Jinling Qin arena, they persisted in the work of Guqin art exchange and talent training. In December 1954, Nanjing music society was officially established, which included a Guqin group. Later, the Guqin group became independent and named Jinling qinshe.

In the long-term artistic practice, Jinling Qin school has formed its own unique style in rhythm, fingering and musical conception. Jinling School of Qin emphasizes that the pianists should have a comprehensive artistic accomplishment. It holds that only through the road from "the unity of the heart of Qin" to "the unity of man and nature", can the artistic realm of elegance, delicacy and purity be achieved. Jinling Qin school advocates the coexistence of Qin song and Qin song, and opposes the same style. Its fingering is flexible and delicate, and its playing style is elegant and free and easy, with ups and downs. It is especially good at winning with "ups and downs". Cai's five songs, Guanju, Qiusai, Meihua Sannong, zuiyu changwan and Xiaoxiang Shuiyun are its representative Qin songs.

Jinling Guqin school is not only an important school of Guqin art in China, but also one of the most representative and influential folk music schools in Nanjing. It occupies an important position in the history of Guqin music in China, and has a great influence on the later Qin schools such as Zhucheng in Shandong. The artistic activities of Jinling Qin school were forced to stop during the cultural revolution and resumed after 1978. In recent years, the impact of western strong music culture and the development of professional and professional music education have destroyed the original inheritance system of Guqin. At present, there are many problems in the following aspects of Jinling Qin school, such as talent training, repertoire arrangement, audio-visual data preservation and musical instrument protection and repair, which should be paid great attention to.