Hakka Earth Building Construction Techniques

The name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Hakka Earth Building Construction Techniques

Applicant: Longyan City, Fujian Province

Item No.: 378

Project No.: VIII - 28

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: traditional art

Region: Fujian Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Longyan City, Fujian Province

Protection unit: Yongding District Cultural Center, Longyan City

Introduction to Hakka Earth Building Construction Techniques:

Applicant: Longyan City, Fujian Province

Hakka Earth Buildings in Yongding County, Fujian Province are traditional earth buildings with rich cultural connotation and unique modeling functions. They are distributed in all villages of Yongding County, mainly in Tingjiang River and Yongding River Basin. Yongding Tulou is mainly square, round Tulou is rare, the latter is mainly concentrated in the jinfengxi River Basin, in addition, the "dafudi" that is "wufenglou" is mainly distributed in the Yongding River Basin. According to statistics, more than 20000 earth buildings are still preserved in Yongding.

The concept of harmony between man and nature is contained in the earth building, which integrates safety defense and production and life needs, living together and advocating culture and education. The earth building construction technology is exquisite, the planning and construction is exquisite, the natural space is fully utilized, the house layout is reasonably arranged, or by the mountain or by the water, so as to make the living building and the natural environment coordinate. The Tulou structure is various, the interior space is rich and orderly, and the decoration technology is exquisite. The construction technology of earth building is a vivid expression of Hakka architectural culture. It inherits the ancient earth construction technology of Central Plains, retains a large number of excellent architectural traditions, and becomes a living fossil in the study of ancient architectural technology.

According to records, Yongding County was officially established in 1478 of Chenghua in Ming Dynasty. The Hakka people in the county "have a lot of humanity, and jiadiweike is the number one county.". From the end of Ming Dynasty, the Hakkas in Yongding were actively engaged in tobacco production and trade, and their financial resources were rolling in. These outstanding cultural and economic achievements have become the spiritual and material basis for the prosperity of Yongding Hakka Earth Buildings.

Under the impact of the tide of modernization and commodity economy, the residents' living concept in Yongding area has changed, and they no longer build earth buildings. The original Yongding Hakka Earth Building is in disrepair for a long time, and the inheritance of architectural skills is in crisis. It is urgent for the government to pay attention and support, and take practical measures to protect it.