Yuequ

The name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: yuequ

Applicant: Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province

Item No.: 1132

Project No.: V - 108

Time of publication: 2011 (the third batch)

Category: quyi

Region: Guangdong Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province

Protection unit: Guangdong music troupe Co., Ltd

Introduction to yuequ

Applicant: Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province

Cantonese Opera is a kind of folk art popular in Guangdong and Guangxi dialect areas, and spread to Hong Kong, Macao, Southeast Asia and America. It was formed in the middle of Qing Dynasty. The performance is performed by one or two standing singers, accompanied by several performers, including Gaohu, Yangqin, pipa, hengxiao, changhouguan, Erxian, Viola (a local folk musical instrument in Guangdong), xiaohouguan, Yueqin, etc. Later, there were performances such as "rap", "playing and singing" and "performance singing". The singing music is very rich, which can be divided into seven categories: 1. Bangzi; 2. Erhuang; 3. Paiqu; 4. Absorbing the tunes of Longzhou, Muyu, Nanyin and Yueou; 5. Song of farewell, flower cutting and Yumeiren; 6. Banghuang zaqu newly created after the 1911 Revolution; 7. Guangdong folk instrumental music, such as zhaojunyuan, sung by lyrics It's also called "rain beating banana", "double hate", "Liu Yaojin" and so on.

In the early stage of yuequ singing, it was divided into 10 major vocations, including Xiaosheng, Huadan and wusheng. After the revolution of 1911, the false voice was changed to the real voice, and the stage Mandarin (also known as "Guilin Mandarin") was changed to Guangzhou dialect. It is divided into three singing methods: big throat (also known as "baqiang" or "left-handed", which belongs to male singing, and the tone is mostly in the high tone area), flat throat (male singing, and the tone is mostly in the middle tone area), and Zi throat (female singing). Most of the early programs came from the scripts of Cantonese opera, and the representative ones were known as "eight famous songs", namely "Bai Lixi meeting his wife", "distinguishing talents and releasing demons", "Dai Yu burying flowers", "Liu Lang sin Zi", "abandoning Chu to Han", "Lu Zhishen becoming a monk", "recommending he Wenxiu" and "Xue Zhongxian". The influential representative programs in the period of the Republic of China include night fighting Ma Chao, Wusong making a big noise in the Lion House, YUEWU Mu's headmaster, romantic dream, folding the willows in the Changting Pavilion again, night rain in Xiaoxiang, etc. In the latter half of the 20th century, the representative programs newly compiled and performed include the so-called "new eight sceneries of Yangcheng", namely "Shuangqiao misty rain", "Luogang Xiangxue", "Etan night moon", "Donghu spring dawn", "Zhuhai Danxin", "Jiangling Sunrise", "Baiyun Songtao", "Yuexiu distant view" and "Niu Gao Zhi", "Zhou Yu's writing table", "Qin Qiong selling horses", "Mu Guiying in command" and "Huamu" LAN Xun Ying, Cai Wenji's return to Han, Ruan Lingyu, Guangling juechong, etc.

Since the end of the 20th century, the living space of yuequ has shrunk greatly, artists and audiences are aging, in an endangered state, in urgent need of support and protection.