Kazakh aytis

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Kazakh aytis

Applicant: Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Project No.: 281

Project No.: V - 45

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: quyi

Region: Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Type: new item

Applicant: Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Protection unit: Institute of culture and art of Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture

Introduction to aytis of Kazak nationality

Applicant: Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Aytis is a typical representative of Kazakh Folk Art, which is a competitive form of duet performance. Its traditional programs mainly show the history, culture and feelings of the Kazakh people. From lyrics to music, they are full of strong Kazakh oral literature and musical cultural characteristics, with outstanding historical and cultural value. They are known as "a mirror" and "Encyclopedia" that comprehensively reflect the social life of the Kazakh people, and can be called the artistic treasure of the Kazakh people.

Aytis' duet has no fixed tunes or corresponding singing style. Singers usually produce melody and rhythm from the language itself according to the content of duet, and often play Dongbula as their accompaniment. There are also some soloists without Dongbula accompaniment.

His lyrics are improvised and not fixed, so he has a high demand for the artist "aken". Aites artists must have quick thinking and profound knowledge, have the talent of eloquence, the world is clear, the human relationship is skillful, can answer in an instant, to reason to convince people.

Because it is a competitive duet, aetis artists usually take the way of praising themselves and suppressing others in their performance, trying to be the first to win. Their language is sharp and mutual understanding, winning is not arrogant, losing is not discouraged, the winner is modest and polite, and the loser is not ashamed of losing. Aytis' performance must be held in a gathering place, usually between artists from different tribes and regions.

With the development of market economy and the diversification of cultural life, people's aesthetic needs have begun to change significantly. The young generation of Kazakh people are more and more indifferent to aytis. This ancient traditional art is facing the danger of extinction.