Gaofeng forest farm, Tangwanghe District, Yichun City, Heilongjiang Province

Gaofeng Forest Farm

Gaofeng forest farm is located in the south of Nenjiang County, belonging to the forestry bureau of Nenjiang County. Its geographical coordinates are 125 ° 09 ′ 00 ″ - 125 ° 26 ′ 00 ″ e, 49 ° 00 ′ 00 ″ - 49 ° 09 ′ 02 ″ n. It is adjacent to Changfu Township in the East and West, Heshan and Yuejin farms in the south, and Changfu Township in the north. There are national bird protection station and provincial forest park.

General situation of physical geography

Mountain system: the forest farm is located in the transitional zone between Songnen Plain and Daxing'an and Xiaoxing'an Mountains. The landform is mainly wavy plain, with an altitude of 296-383 meters. climate: located in the high latitude area, it belongs to the mid temperate semi humid continental monsoon climate. It is dry in spring, rainy and windy, with concentrated precipitation in summer. The climate is warm, hot and humid, with severe cooling in autumn and early frost in winter. The annual average temperature is - 0.1 ℃, the frost free period is 110 days, the freezing period is more than 5 months, the annual precipitation is 480mm, the sunshine hours are 2400 hours, and the effective accumulated temperature is 2100 ℃. soil: it can be divided into 4 soil types and 5 sub types. There are swamp soil, black soil, meadow dark brown soil, dark brown soil, albic soil. vegetation: it belongs to the flora of Xiaoxing'an Mountains, with more than 20 species of trees including Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, spruce, larch, oak, Tilia amurensis, poplar, willow, Betula platyphylla, Betula platyphylla, elm, Betula acerifolia, color wood, more than 40 species of shrubs including Corylus heterophylla, Rhododendron, elderberry, and more than 200 species of herbs including Codonopsis pilosula, Astragalus membranaceus, acanthopanax senticosus and mangrove. Among them, there are more than 20 kinds of wild vegetables, such as Osmunda japonica and Dryopteris monkey; there are more than 10 kinds of vines, such as Vitis amurensis; and there are more than 40 kinds of fungi, such as Pleurotus citrinopileatus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus Corylus.

Animal resources

The forest farm is located in the northwest of Heilongjiang Province, in the transition zone from Songnen plain to Daxing'an Mountains and Xiaoxing'an Mountains. It is high in the north and low in the south. It is close to the narrow valley of Nenjiang River in the West. The coniferous forest and the surrounding farmland form green islands. The geographical environment and phenology have obvious particularity. The special geographical location has become the only way for birds to migrate in this area, and it is an important "relay station" for migratory birds. After four years of continuous monitoring, 171 species of birds have been found, including 20 species of birds under national first and second level protection, 78 species under Sino Japanese protection agreement, and 14 species under Sino Australian protection agreement. In 2001, the number of birds in the same industry ranked first in China. In 2000, after the successful holding of the Sino Japanese bird banding seminar in the forest farm, it was designated as a national bird protection station by the State Forestry Administration and the national bird banding center. In addition to birds, there are more than 40 kinds of wild animals, such as weasel and fox.

Basic situation of social transportation and Forestry

Established in 1952, the forest farm mainly manages the artificial Pinus sylvestris seed forest. In 1973, it was designated as a provincial improved variety base by Heilongjiang Provincial Forestry Department, with a national bird protection station and a provincial forest park. There are 314 people in 2010. There are Gaofeng national bird protection station, provincial Gaofeng Forest Park, mother forest, diversified business base, nursery, Gaofeng cemetery, etc. The fixed assets are 890000 yuan, the annual output value is 1260000 yuan, and the profit is 10000 yuan. Qiqihar Jiagedaqi railway and national highway 111 (Beijing Jiagedaqi highway) pass through the forest farm construction area, and Lin Ban Road, huanxiang road and big Lane form a developed transportation network.

Status of forest resources

General situation of forest resources: the total management area of the forest farm is 3526 hectares, and the forest land area is 3008 hectares, including 1032 hectares of forest land, 58 hectares of unfinished forest land, 1918 hectares of suitable forest land, 666 hectares of special forest, 380 hectares of economic forest and 518 hectares of non forest land. The total forest volume is 50095 cubic meters. The forest coverage rate was 25.9%. Forest type: in forest resources, the natural forest area is 533 hectares and the total volume is 4881 cubic meters, accounting for 51.6% and 9.7% of the forest area and volume respectively. The main forest types are oak dwarf forest with an area of 380 hectares, accounting for 71.3% of the natural forest area, soft broad-leaved mixed forest with an area of 153 hectares and a volume of 4881 cubic meters, accounting for 28.7% and 100.0% of the natural forest area and volume. The area of artificial forest is 499 hectares, and the volume is 45214 cubic meters, accounting for 48.4% and 90.3% of the forest area respectively. The main types of stand are: pure forest of sylvestris mongolica 315 ha, with a volume of 29484 m3, accounting for 63.1% and 65.2% of the plantation area and volume respectively; pure forest of spruce 143 ha, with a volume of 9114 m3, accounting for 28.7% and 20.2% of the plantation area and volume respectively; pure forest of Larch 41 ha, with a volume of 6616 m3, accounting for 8.2% and 14.6% of the plantation area and volume respectively. forest classification management division: among the forest land, 1425 hectares of ecological public welfare forest are defined in the division, all of which are national key ecological public welfare forest, accounting for 47.4% of the forest land. According to the division, 1583 hectares of commercial forest are defined, accounting for 52.6% of the forest land.

Situation and development direction of forestry production and construction

Built in 1952, it was identified as the base of improved tree species by the provincial forestry department in 1973, and then the provincial forest park and the national bird banding protection station were successively established. Over the past decades, the forest farm has conscientiously implemented the policy of forestry construction, planting trees, closing hillsides for afforestation, and actively cultivated and expanded forest resources, so as to restore and develop forest resources. 15000 kg of improved forest varieties were collected and 200000 high-quality green seedlings were cultivated. Now it has a production capacity of collecting 500 kg of improved forest varieties and cultivating 30000 large green seedlings. since the national implementation of ecological construction, forest farm, as one of the national key ecological public welfare forest construction pilot units, has carried out structural strategic adjustment according to the actual situation, and has formed a national key special-purpose forest - bird banding protection area construction as the main business, forest park, mother forest, nursery, diversified management base and other ecological forest farm with comprehensive development. Gaofeng national bird protection station: after more than four years of banding and investigation, 171 species of birds were recorded, including 144 species and more than 60000 individuals. Among them, the banding amount in the spring of 2001 and 2002 ranked the first in China. Five species of birds, including red bellied Redstart, brown rock Pipit, extreme northern crested Finch, yellow bunting and chestnut headed flycatcher warbler, were first found in Heilongjiang Province and even northeast China, and 78 species were listed in the Sino Japanese migratory bird protection According to the agreement, 14 species are listed in the agreement on the protection of migratory birds between China and Australia, and 20 species are protected as class II or above. It can be seen that Gaofeng Forest Farm plays an important role in stopping and feeding during the migration of birds. It is important to build a bird protection station here to protect the existing forests and cultivate reserve forest resources, so as to study the composition, migration law, population number and biodiversity of migratory birds in this area And so on. The construction of Gaofeng bird protection environmental station has been included in the national environmental network, which is the concrete embodiment of the National Wildlife Protection and nature reserve construction project. Gaofeng Provincial Forest Park: since its approval in 1992, especially since 1999, under the active operation of the county Party committee and the forestry bureau, Gaofeng provincial forest park has raised funds and invested more than 4 million yuan in the construction of the forest park project. Pearl Lake, sightseeing tower, holiday village, forest villa, Youyuan Road, ancient well Pavilion, electric power and communication have been built one after another, and the mohenhan Forest Park of the Qing Dynasty has been restored Junzuoling (Cui Jiafen) site. In the forest park, a hundred year old spruce wood attracts many visitors and bathes in the breath of the forest. The establishment of Forest Park is in line with people's desire for ecotourism, and provides an opportunity to strengthen the management and protection of special-purpose forest and settle the surplus employment. Gaofeng artificial Pinus sylvestris seed forest base: after years of construction, the seed forest base has provided tens of thousands of kilograms of excellent forest seeds for the country, and has been awarded the title of "forest seed base" by the former Ministry of forestry. According to the national "sixth five year plan" and "Seventh Five Year Plan" scientific and technological research project "Research on provenance test of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica" sponsored by Northeast Forestry University, the provenance of Gaofeng plantation performs well in Northeast China, with high frequency of excellent genotypes. It is an ideal provenance and has broad promotion prospects. nursery: Gaofeng Forest Farm cooperated with the nursery division of Heilongjiang Forestry Department to establish a modern nursery base. Based on the cultivation of container seedlings of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, large green seedlings of Populus alba and spruce shaped seedlings, Gaofeng Forest Farm carried out joint development, and raised funds from all sides to build two automatic wells, which not only solved the problem of nursery water, but also solved the problem of domestic water for local residents for many years. Gaofeng Cemetery: Gaofeng cemetery built in the forest farm by using the open space under the Zhangzi pine forest, straightens out people's traditional funeral customs, and makes people develop in the direction of civilization and elegance in the way of sacrificing their ancestors. It not only satisfied people's desire to pay homage to their ancestors in an elegant form, but also created economic benefits for the forest farm.

Business direction

Diversified business base: the forest farm is located in the south end of Nenjiang County. The climate is relatively mild. The three climate resources of light, heat and water can basically meet the needs of the growth and development of all kinds of plants in the middle temperate zone and the convenient transportation. It is convenient for the development of breeding, planting, Chinese medicinal materials, cash crops, edible fungi, wild vegetables and other projects, the development of green products, the creation of green brands and the satisfaction of people's return Natural needs.

development projects

We should conscientiously implement the construction plan of Gaofeng bird protection station, improve the facilities of Forest Park and nursery, cooperate with scientific research institutions, carry out breeding experiments of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, and establish special farms.

Forest Farm Manager

Director of Forest Farm: Fang Keqian