Aihua forest farm, Kedong County, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province

Aihua Forest Farm

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Aihua forest farm is located 27 kilometers north of Kedong County, Heilongjiang Province. Its geographical coordinates are 126 ° 2 ′ 53 ″ E and 48 ° 10 ′ n. It is connected with Baoquan town in the southeast, Jianye farm in the West and Huashan farm in Wudalianchi city in the north. The administrative region belongs to Kedong County.

Natural overview

mountain range

The forest farm belongs to the transitional zone between the southern foot of Xiaoxing'an Mountains and Songnen Plain. The hills are rolling, and there are no large mountains and obvious mountains. They are all gentle small earth mountains below 23 degrees. The altitude of the area is 265-386.9 meters.

river system

There are no obvious rivers in the area, and most of them are gullies and streams formed by the impact and retention of surface runoff, which are dried up in autumn and winter.

climate

The forest farm is located in the middle and high latitudes, belonging to the mid temperate continental monsoon climate. Winter is long, cold and dry; summer is short, rainfall is concentrated, warm and humid; spring is windy, less rain, more drought; autumn is cooling rapidly, frost is early. The annual average temperature is 1.1 ℃, the maximum temperature is 37.7 ℃, the minimum temperature is - 38 ℃, and the frost free period is 107 days. The annual precipitation is 550 mm, the annual accumulated temperature is 2187 ℃, the main wind direction is northwest wind, and the change is obvious in four seasons. The annual average wind speed is 4 m / s. due to the influence of Mongolian low pressure, there are gale weather from the first ten days of April to the first ten days of June and the last ten days of September every year, and the maximum wind force sometimes reaches 8.

soil

The soil type of the forest farm is mainly dark brown soil, which is developed in the steep slope and coarse parent material of the low mountains and hills, and mainly forestry land.

vegetation

The vegetation in the forest farm belongs to the transitional vegetation flora from Xiaoxing'an Mountains to Songnen Plain, which is a natural secondary forest. The main woody plants are Korean pine, larch, Scotch pine, spruce, oak, Tilia, poplar, willow, Betula platyphylla, Betula formosana, elm, yellow pineapple, Fraxinus mandshurica, Juglans mandshurica, color wood, etc. more than 20 kinds; shrubs are hazelnut, Lespedeza, Robinia pseudoacacia, etc. more than 1000 kinds; herbaceous vegetation is more than 1000 kinds. Among them, there are more than 100 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines, such as Codonopsis pilosula, Astragalus membranaceus, acanthopanax senticosus, Schisandra chinensis, etc.; there are more than 20 kinds of wild vegetables, such as Pteridium aquilinum, daylily, etc.; there are more than 10 kinds of vines, such as Vitis amurensis, Schisandra chinensis, etc.; there are more than 10 kinds of fungi, such as hazelnut mushroom, grey mushroom, pine umbrella mushroom, elm yellow mushroom, slide mushroom, etc. Mountain products are very rich.

wild animal

Many factors, such as geography, vegetation and climate, provide better conditions for the survival and reproduction of wild animals. There are more than 40 species of wild animals, including wolves, rabbits, foxes, badgers, weasels, sika deer, pheasants, ducks, wild boars, red deer, flying dragons, cuckoos, cuckoos, grey magpies, pine ducks, hedgehogs, geese, etc.

Economic situation

The forest farm has 434 employees, including 30 cadres. There are 7 forest stations and children's primary school. There are 1 watchtower, 12 wind fire extinguishers, 37 walkie talkies and 3 forest fire engines. The fixed assets are 1.53 million yuan and the annual output value is 3 million yuan. Program controlled telephone and closed circuit television were installed in the whole area.

Forest resources

General situation of forest resources

The total management area is 9599 hectares, and the forestry land area is 9103 hectares, including 4981 hectares of forest land and 495957 cubic meters of forest standing stock. There are 496 hectares of woodland and 56 hectares of unforested forest. The forest coverage rate was 51.9%.

Stand type

Among the forest resources, natural secondary forest covers an area of 1833 hectares with a total volume of 164579 cubic meters. Oak forest covers an area of 772 hectares with a total volume of 8351 cubic meters; birch forest covers an area of 138 hectares with a total volume of 81176 cubic meters; broad-leaved mixed forest covers an area of 923 hectares with a total volume of 75052 cubic meters.

The plantation covers an area of 3148 hectares with a total volume of 331378 cubic meters. Among them, there are 2153 hectares of Larch with a total volume of 245659 cubic meters; 790 hectares of pure forest of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica with a total volume of 64480 cubic meters; 37 hectares of mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest with a total volume of 2455 cubic meters; 152 hectares of mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest with a total volume of 18194 cubic meters.

Structure of forest species and groups

The forest is divided into three types: Timber Forest 4810 hectares, with a total volume of 483967 cubic meters; special forest 75 hectares, with a total volume of 11990 cubic meters; economic forest 96 hectares.

In timber forest, the area of young forest is 1060 hectares. The results show that the total area of forest is 60959 cubic meters; the area of middle-aged forest is 1932 hectares, with a total volume of 206762 cubic meters; the area of near mature forest is 1723 hectares, with a total volume of 201825 cubic meters; the area of mature forest is 95 hectares, with a total volume of 14421 cubic meters.

Production and construction

Before the construction of the forest farm, most of the forest was natural secondary forest, which was incomplete and seriously damaged. The ecological environment was seriously unbalanced, and wind erosion, water erosion, low temperature and early frost continued year after year. Since its establishment in 1957, it has conscientiously implemented the policy of forestry construction, vigorously built artificial fast-growing and high-yield forests, and actively cultivated reserve forest resources, so as to restore and develop forest resources. Now, the ecological environment of the forest farm has gradually stepped into a virtuous circle. A multi forest system with timber forest, fast-growing and high-yield forest, windbreak and sand fixation forest as the main forest species has been developed simultaneously, with the combination of net and strip, and the basic formation of an ecological system of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry. At the same time, combined with the cultivation of forest, we actively carried out tending, cutting and utilization, and produced 202000 cubic meters of wood, which supported the national economic construction.

development direction

First, through forest classification management, scientific management, management and protection of ecological public welfare forest, the pursuit of maximum ecological and social benefits; accelerate the cultivation of commercial forest, improve forest productivity, the pursuit of maximum economic benefits, so as to maximize the overall benefits of the forest, and finally build into a modern state-owned forest farm with sustainable development ability. Second, in the development of diversified economy, according to the local resource advantages, while implementing all-round piecewise operation and management, we should develop and utilize wild vegetables, edible fungi, medicinal materials and other mountain products in a planned and organized way; at the same time, we should vigorously develop the planting and breeding industry, cultivate traditional Chinese medicine materials, plant economic crops, cultivate edible fungi, develop rare bird breeding and other projects, and form a reasonable production base Industry structure.

development projects

According to the advantages of resources, we should vigorously develop the industry of edible fungi, develop the breeding of rare birds based on colorful pheasant and black pheasant, and build the production base of seedlings and fruits. So as to realize the new forest region economy of by-product forest, multi industry development and coexistence of various economic components, and build the forest farm into a new forest region with good ecological environment and developed economy.

Director of Forest Farm: Kong FanFeng