Zhongzhai Miao Yi Buyi Township, Liuzhi special district, Liupanshui City, Guizhou Province

Zhongzhai Miao Yi Buyi Township

Zhongzhai Miao Yi Buyi township is located in the southwest of Liuzhi special district, Guizhou Province, 65 km away from the residence of the Special Administrative Region government, and 105 ° 07 ′ 1 ″ 5-105 ° 23 ′ 01 ″ east longitude, Between 26 ° 05 ′ 49 ″ - 26 ° 15 ″ north latitude, it has jurisdiction over Xinjiao Township, Longjiao Township, Langdai town and Maokou Township in the East, Shuicheng County, Pu'an County and Qinglong County in the west, Qingkou Township and suique Township in the north. The whole territory is 26.25 km long from East to west, 18.15 km wide from north to south, 91.8 km long from the border perimeter, with a total land area of 219.6 square kilometers.

Demographic situation

Zhongzhai Miao Yi Buyi township has five offices: sifangjing, Zhongzhai, Shuangxi, Lujia and Changzhai. As of 2006, the township has 21 administrative villages, 1 neighborhood committee, 346 villager groups, 9669 households and a total population of 39068. Among them, Miao, Yi, Buyi, Gelao and other ethnic minorities account for 93.7% of the total population of the township, which is a typical mixed area of ethnic minorities in Liuzhi special district.

topographic features

Zhongzhai Miao Yi Buyi township is located on the east slope of Yunnan Guizhou Plateau, at the junction of Miaoling mountain and Wumeng Mountain. The lowest altitude in the township is 613 meters (at the exit of Beipanjiang River), the highest altitude is 2126.9 meters (from Laowang mountain to the West peak of Miaoling mountain). The altitude of the township government is 1403 meters, and the average altitude in most areas is 1300-1500 meters. Topographically, according to the five grade gradient, the area of less than 6 degrees accounted for 12.3% of the total area of the township, 21.2% of the area of 6-15 degrees, 19.7% of the area of 15-25 degrees, 8.7% of the area of 25-30 degrees, and 38.2% of the area of more than 30 degrees. In terms of lithology distribution, limestone with shale is the most widely distributed area, accounting for 55% of the total area of the township, followed by coal measures strata (sand shale, shale, sandstone), accounting for 30% of the total area, and the rest are variegated shale with limestone, accounting for 8%, basalt, 5%, and Carboniferous lime with sandstone, accounting for 2%.

land resource

As of 2006, the total land area of the township is 219.6 square kilometers. According to the utilization status, there are 4786.29 hectares of cultivated land (756 hectares of habitual area), 3455.09 hectares of dry land (1151 hectares of habitual area), 371.53 hectares of garden land, 2533.17 hectares of forest land, 2639.8 hectares of pasture land, 416.57 hectares of construction land, 331.14 hectares of water area, and 10877.5 hectares of unused land (Note: land data are agricultural zoning data, the same below). Natural land area is 5156.8 hectares, cultivated land area is 5302 hectares, rocky mountain area is 8687 hectares, and other types are 2810.2 hectares.

Climatic characteristics

Due to the complex terrain, great difference in elevation, and various climate types in the township, only over 200 square kilometers of the township has concentrated three kinds of subtropical climate characteristics, namely, the river valleys along the Beipan River and the moon river, such as Lujia, Changzhai, Laohe and Muze, have the characteristics of south subtropical climate, and the upper parts of mountains above 1900 meters above sea level, such as Xinchang Dapo, xianma mountain and Laowang mountain, have the characteristics of north subtropical climate Subtropical climate characteristics, the rest of the region for the subtropical climate, "a mountain has four seasons, ten miles different days" is the true portrayal of the climate of the township. 1. Temperature: the annual average temperature is 15.3 ℃ (17 ℃ in the river valley), the extreme maximum temperature is 37.7 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature is - 6.6 ℃, the annual total accumulated temperature is 5467 ℃ (6425 ℃ in the river valley), and the average number of days passing 10 ℃ is 237 (271 days in the river valley). 2. Precipitation: the annual total precipitation is 1446.7mm, of which Zhongzhai area is as high as 1672.7mm, which is the largest rainstorm center in the special economic zone. However, the spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall is uneven. The rainfall in flood season (may September) accounts for more than 80% of the annual precipitation, while the rainfall in winter only accounts for about 20%. It is easy to cause floods and droughts in winter. 3. Illumination: the annual sunshine hours are 1216 hours, belonging to the township (town) with poor illumination conditions. Among them, the valley area has shorter sunshine hours due to high mountains and deep valleys. For example, the Changzhai Valley has only 1177 hours of sunshine in the whole year, which is one of the areas with the least sunshine in the SAR. 4. Frost period: due to the different terrain, the length of frost period also varies greatly. The frost free period is generally about 270 days in higher terrain areas, more than 345 days in river valley areas, and 300 days in other areas. 5. Disastrous climate: spring drought, late spring cold, hail, rainstorm, autumn low temperature, freezing, frost and other disastrous weather occur all year round, especially the autumn low temperature, hail, spring drought and other hazards are the most serious, causing a significant reduction in crop yield.

water resource

The rivers in Zhongzhai Miao Yi Buyi Township belong to the boundary river of Beipan River in the Pearl River Basin. There are five rivers with a length of more than 10 kilometers and a drainage area of more than 20 square kilometers, including Yueyue River, the first tributary of Beipan River, Longtan River, Muze River and azhi River. The total river length is 61 kilometers and the drainage area is 216 square kilometers. There are 11 small ponds and 14 main gullies, The total water area is 331.14 hectares. the total annual average surface water runoff of the township is about 235 million cubic meters, and 4.9 cubic meters of cultivated land is occupied per hectare. However, due to the high mountains and steep slopes, deep valleys, flood surge and fall, serious loss and difficult utilization of resources. several rivers in the territory contain a total of 47439kw of hydropower, with a developable capacity of 15450kw (statistics up to 2006). The total installed capacity of liangfengdong power station and Laohe power station is 6320kw. The remaining 9130 kW hydropower resources are difficult to develop due to poor geological conditions and relatively scattered distribution, so only some small hydropower stations can be built.

mineral resources

Zhongzhai Miao Yi Buyi township is rich in coal resources, with reserves of 600 million tons (up to 2006 statistics), accounting for more than 20% of the total reserves of the special zone. The coal types are mainly coking coal, fat coal and coking fat coal. Most of the coal seams are buried shallowly and the outcrop is developed, which is convenient for mining. In addition, there are iron ore, aluminum, zinc, arsenic and other mineral resources in the township. 1. Coal: the distribution area of coal measures strata accounts for 30% of the total area of the township. There are four coal mines, namely, heinaga mine field, Shuangxi mine field, Lantian mine field and Panlong syncline mine field. Among them, the reserves of heinaga mine field are 290 million tons, mainly coking coal and fat coal. The volatilization of each coal seam is between 27.76% and 29.04%, the thickness of glue value layer is between 17.0% and 26.0 mm, the sulfur content is generally 2-5%, the ash content is 20-30%, and the calorific value is 6500-8000 kcal / kg. The reserves of Shuangxi mine field are 30 million tons, and the coal types are gas coal, fat coal and coking coal, with the volatilization of coal seam 25.17-32.30%, The thickness of gum layer is 20.8-31.5mm, the sulfur content is 3.35-5.13, the ash content is 20.38-30.55%, and the calorific value is 6800-8500 kcal / kg; the reserves of Lantian mine field is 160 million tons, belonging to coking coal, the volatile content of each coal seam is 18.81-26.34%, the sulfur content is 2.23-5.13%, the ash content is 15.7-27.7%, and the calorific value is 8270-8700 kcal / kg; the local mine fields in Panlong syncline are mainly coking coal, and the main indexes are basically close to the above mine fields . 2. Iron ore: it is weathered linlu type limonite, mainly distributed in shangguochang, with a small amount distributed in bojitun. The ore series of shangguochang continues to extend about 700 meters, with each section about 5-10 meters long and 2-3 meters deep, with iron content of 32.4% and silicon dioxide content of 32.4-34.5%, and total reserves of about 1 million tons. 3. Bauxite: it is distributed in the Xila ore belt and continues to extend about 2000 meters, 8 meters thick and 200 meters wide. The ore body is generally 0.8-2.45 meters thick, containing 4.51-8.32% zinc and 0.04% aluminum. 4. Arsenic deposit: the deposit is located at the junction of Xinchang village and Sanjiazhai village. It belongs to the type of low temperature hydrothermal realgar orpiment deposit. It has been mined intermittently for more than 200 years since the early Ming and Qing Dynasties. The mineralization controlled by the old stone cave is nearly 1000 meters long, the mining height difference is 70 meters, and the mineralization thickness is 0.7 ~ 2.2 meters. The main ore veins are relatively stable, and controlled by joints with dip of 230 degrees and dip angle of 65 degrees. There are parallel small mines on both sides of the main vein. The pure realgar veinlets are 2-10 mm thick, mostly interpenetrating in marl gaps, and sometimes distributed along the contact between calcite vein and marl.