Zhonglu Town, Lichuan City, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei Province

Zhonglu town

Zhonglu Town, Lichuan City, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei Province, is an ancient town with hundreds of years of history. Zhonglu town is located in the southwest of Lichuan City. Now it has jurisdiction over 3 districts, 61 villages (neighborhood committees), 61 villager groups, and 55572 people (in 2017). There are 10 ethnic groups, including Han, Tujia, Miao, Mongolia, Yao and she, with Tujia as the majority. The favorable (Chuan) Wen (Dou) highway and six township roads are connected with the workstations in each area, so the traffic is convenient.

Town profile

Lichuan Town, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei Province. It was Zhonglu district at the beginning of liberation, Zhonglu commune in 1958 and Zhonglu town in 1996. Located in the southwest of the city, 58 kilometers away from the city center. The total land area of the town is 513.62 square kilometers (2017), and the cultivated land area is 67.8 square kilometers, accounting for 13.16% of the total land area. Barren mountain grassland covers an area of 3.7 square kilometers, accounting for 0.72% of the total area. The forest coverage rate of the whole town is 55.56%, the forest area is 140.9 square kilometers, and the storage volume of living trees is 194400 cubic meters.

Zhonglu is rich in products, known as "the hometown of Brasenia schreberi", "the hometown of Metasequoia glyptostroboides" and "the capital of firecrackers".

Historical evolution

Zhonglu town was the land of BA in ancient times. Qin belongs to Qianzhong county. Han belongs to Badong County. The Northern Zhou Dynasty belongs to Tingzhou county. Tang Zhenguan gave Longqu fortress comfort. Song Dynasty belongs to Kuizhou road. The Southern Song Dynasty belongs to Longqu county. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, it was Zhonglu village, and at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Yuzhen of the Ming Dynasty set up Xuanfu department according to Shu. In the fourth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, he was the pacification department. The Apocalypse was renamed xuanweisi. In the first year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty, he was the pacification Department of Zhonglu. In the 13th year of Yongzheng reign, the land was transferred to Lichuan County, which was called Zhonglu xunhuaideli. At the beginning of the Republic of China, it was waiderry. In 1925, Xiaohe was divided into 11 districts, Zhonglu into 12 districts, Laowuji into 13 districts and Shaxi into 17 districts. In 937, it was the fourth district. The District Department set up Zhong Road. In 1941, Zhonglu District Office administered Zhonglu Township, Wendou Township, Shaxi Township and Changshun township. In 1946, the Chung Road District Office was abolished. After 1949, Zhonglu district was established in November. In June 1950, it changed its name to five districts and designated Wendou as six districts. In 1952, it was renamed seven districts. In 1956, it was renamed Zhonglu district. In December 1958, it was renamed Zhonglu people's commune. Zhonglu district was renamed in 1961. In 1975, Zhonglu district was divided into three people's communes: Xiaohe, Zhonglu and Shaxi. Majian district was divided into 15 management areas: Longtai, Xinguo, Xinlin, Maofeng, Laowuji Renmin Huatai, shiziba, Xingguo, Guihua, Xiaohe, longtangpu, shanmugen and Xilin.

Zhonglu town is located at the intersection of Wuling Mountain and Daba Mountain, at the junction of Liangwu Township in the East, Wangying town and Huangshui Township in Shizhu County of Chongqing in the west, Shaxi Township and Wendou Township in the south, Wangying town and Fubao mountain medicinal timber yard in the north. It spans 108 ° 39 ′ - 108 ° 47 ′ east longitude, and is 55 km away from the city in the north. The territory of mountains and valleys. Yueliangchi mountain, the highest point in the territory, is 1873 meters above sea level, while Yujiang River, the lowest point, is 610 meters above sea level. It is known as "24 Liangzi, 48 Pippo, 11 deep valleys, two rivers, 158 mountain bags, and nine Tianba at the foot of the mountain." The soil is mainly yellow soil with thick soil layer and good tillage performance. The territory has a special climate and abundant rainfall. The average temperature in January is 3.9 ℃, the average temperature in July is 26 ℃, the average annual temperature is 15.2 ℃, the annual precipitation is 1393.2 mm, and the frost free period is 255 days.

Yujiang River is the largest river in the territory and an important tributary of Wujiang River. It originates from Fubaoshan and has two sources. The right source is called Dahou River and Xiaohou River, which originates from Yuequan dam. Qinggang river passes through Laowuji and receives water from shiziba and xilinba. It is called Qianjiang River in Zhonglu. Zuoyuan is called Houjiang river. It originates from meiziping and is called Wudaohe river. It flows through xiaoheji town at Shuanghekou, converges with Zhonglu town and joins Qianjiang River at baizhangpodong. It flows southward to the source of the river, converges with Gejing River and flows into Shaxi township. In addition, Zhonglu stream, which originates from Laowuji, flows into Shaxi territory through fengle, flows into Wuni River, joins Dongyuan river at Linkou, and joins Qianjiang River and Houjiang River from Longqiao to yunkouba in the southwest.

Local specialties

Zhonglu town is rich in products. Specialties are Brasenia schreberi, tea, tung oil tree, flue-cured tobacco, Coptis chinensis, gallnut, lacquer, orange, ginger and so on. The production of grain and oil crops mainly includes rice, corn, soybean, potato, sweet potato, rape and peanut; the fruit trees include peach, plum, apple, pear, persimmon, red jujube and citrus, among which jixueli is a local specialty, and citrus is seedless tangerine, which is famous for its high quality. Nanmu, Liquidambar formosana, water Qinggang, Taiwania fargesii, Chinese herb, Chinese fir, oak, Wutong, catalpa bungeana and other native tree communities are flourishing. It is rich in Rhizoma Coptidis, Codonopsis pilosula, Cortex Moutan, Paeoniae lactiflora, Fritillaria, hongheierwan, etc.

There are thousands of natural communities of Metasequoia glyptostroboides preserved in xiaoheshanba, and there is No.2 ancient Metasequoia glyptostroboides, which is second only to the king of Moudao Metasequoia glyptostroboides. There is a Metasequoia conservation center. It is the main supply place for introducing Metasequoia glyptostroboides seeds all over the world. The Qiyue mountain in the West and Fubao mountain in the east make the small river form a two high mountains and hills flat dam area with narrow northwest and open southeast. Metasequoia glyptostroboides has been preserved in a large area in this area.

The wild Brasenia schreberi in Fubaoshan, discovered by New Zealand priest Eli in Laowuji, has been "wild to home grown" and planted in a large area.

There are wild animals such as Swertia, deer, rabbit, wild boar, Caragana, etc.; aquatic resources are rich. Qianjiang River and Houjiang River produce Tuan fish (turtle), yang fish, yellow croaker, and semi aquatic animal otter. Huangtongyan in the territory has been artificially fed sika deer. Cattle are the main livestock, with a certain number of goats, mules and horses. There is a large number of live pigs. Chickens and ducks are the most common poultry. A few farmers raise bees and silkworms.

The main mineral resources in the territory are coal. Xiaohe coal mine is a state-owned coal mine. It was first developed in 1958 and became an independent mining area in 1980. The mining reserves are 3.1 million tons. It is anthracite with high quality.

Important scenic spots

Zhonglu town has a long history and many scenic spots. The Zhonglu Tusi site is located at the present town government. The extant relics include five meter diameter round Taiji stone carvings. The old management of Zhonglu chieftain is in the old dam of Zhongzhong road in fengle village. Yujiang is located in the East Bank of Zhonglu Street West 1 km, for the Southern Song Dynasty Longqu county. The cultural layer is 40 cm to 1 m thick. Zhonglu preserves the unique characteristics of local Tujia folk customs in residents' buildings and living habits. Zhonglu is a famous old Soviet Area with many red revolutionary sites, such as Zhangye temple, hanpoling, longtangpu tax card and so on. The first party branch of Lichuan was built in Shuangmiao. The local folk songs such as the song of weeding, gongs and drums, the song of filial piety and the song of Lantern are unique.

1. Sanyuantang

It is located on the South Bank of Muba River, basheng Township, Zhonglu District, with its back on nanjingzhai mountain, 32 kilometers southwest of Lichuan City. The whole building is a wooden structure hall veranda Taoist temple building. Taoism regards heaven, earth and water as three elements, so it is called sanyuantang. The age of the building is unknown, and the existing main body is said to have been expanded by Luo Zongti, the head of sanyuantang Road, in the 27th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu. The whole Taoist temple has three entrances and is arranged in a ladder like manner according to the mountain trend. It is 50 meters wide from east to west and 60 meters long from north to south, with a construction area of about 3000 square meters. In front of the main entrance, there are 10 stone stairs, which are paved with long stones. They are 10 meters long, 55 cm wide and 20 meters thick. They are made of exquisite materials. From the front hall to the patio corridor, climb the 12 level stone ladder to enter the main hall. There are aisles and wing rooms on both sides of the main hall. Yuhuang Pavilion is built on the patio in the middle of the main hall, which stands out from the whole building. In the back hall, the two sides of the hall, the color building revolves, and the left and right sides confront each other. The whole Sanyuan hall is ingeniously designed, with red walls, black tiles, cornices and brackets. Inside the hall, wearing fangs and sparrows, the sculptures are exquisite, and the contents are mostly fairy stories. The surrounding environment is quiet, green trees and beautiful scenery. In front of it, there is Yujiang River, like a jade belt around it. The Muba River Bridge is like a rainbow flying across it. Behind it, there are mountains undulating and green. There are two ancient trees, one Cinnamomum camphora and one Liriodendron, which add to the quiet and elegant taste of the ancient temple.

2. Stone coffin tombs in chengchiba

Chengchiba sarcophagus tombs are said to be Shengji tombs of Zhonglu Yuan Ming chieftain. The tombs are near Longqu County site in front of them. They are found about 400 meters on the gentle slope from east to west and are arranged irregularly in north-south direction. In September 1984, two destroyed sarcophagus tombs were found on the right side of Du's house, and then seven Shengji tombs of different specifications were found one after another. In the middle of December 2006, Liu Zhengming, a villager of Nongke village, Zhonglu Town, excavated an ancient tomb with a stone chamber during the construction of the biogas pool. In the tomb, he took out a blue and white bowl, a fragment of a blue and white porcelain plate, and a pottery pot. The ancient tomb is located at the chengchiba site. The door of the tomb has been damaged, and the tomb has been opened. The tomb is 2.75 meters long, 1.26 meters wide, and 2.45 meters high. It is all carved with blue sandstone, with two sides and back niches There are exquisite relief patterns at the bottom, 20 cm deep water in the tomb, exquisite stone relief on both sides of the back niche, a hole in the upper right corner of the back of the tomb, and a 40 cm cement pipe (to be used as the feeding port of the biogas steam pool) installed behind the tomb. The main body is well preserved. After the relevant leaders and experts from the State Bureau of cultural relics and the State Museum visited the site, they preliminarily concluded that the tomb was in the Ming Dynasty. It is the only stone chamber Tomb of the Ming Dynasty found in our state with such good preservation, exquisite workmanship and unique shape. It is a rare physical specimen.

3. Houjiang hot spring

Houjianghe hot spring is located 1.25 km west of zhongluji town. It takes about 20 minutes by boat from houjianghe ferry. The constant temperature of spring water is 32 ℃ - 39 ℃, and the daily flow is 810 tons. It is a rare natural hot spring in Enshi Prefecture.

The undeveloped Houjiang hot spring is still an important place for local residents to have leisure and entertainment