Longjing City, Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, Jilin Province

Longjing City is under the jurisdiction of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture of Jilin Province. Located in the east of Jilin Province, the southeast of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture and the east foot of Changbai Mountain, it is the forefront of Changjitu development and opening up pilot area, an important part of Tumen River regional international cooperation and yanlongtu integration.

Located in the southeast of Jilin Province, the east foot of Changbai Mountain. The geographical coordinates are 128 ° 54 ′ - 129 ° 48 ′ E and 42 ° 21 ′ - 43 ° 24 ′ n. The border is 142.5 km long across the Tumen River in the southeast, Yanji City and Tumen City in the northeast, Helong city in the southwest and Antu County in the northwest.

In 2015, Longjing achieved a GDP of 4.03 billion yuan. As of 2014, 172511 people registered residence in Longjing.

As the "back garden" of Yanji City, Longjing is striding forward to the development direction of eco-tourism, vacation and leisure city. In 2019, it was listed as the second batch of national agricultural product quality and safety counties.

Historical evolution

The origin of place names

Longjing City, in Manchu, means two mountains and one river (hailanjiang). Longjing, formerly known as Liudaogou, is the birthplace of Manchu and the place of Longxing.

Historical changes

As far back as ancient times, the ancestors lived the life of clan commune on the land of Longjing. At the original cultural sites of dexinxiang and Longquan cave in Shijing, ground stone tools, bone ware and pottery were excavated. The charcoal unearthed is determined to be a site three to four thousand years ago.

In the Western Han Dynasty, Longjing City was located in Canghai and xuantu counties. During the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period, it was the northern Woju area, and then the Gaogouli area, which was under the jurisdiction of Gaogouli. In the Western Jin Dynasty, it belonged to Sushen (yilou). In the northern and Southern Dynasties, Sushen was Wuji (PEI), which was located in the Baishan part of Wuji. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, it was followed by Wuji. In the Sui and early Tang Dynasties, it was attached to the Koguryo mountains. Tang and Five Dynasties period, is the Bohai Xiande house. Liao Dynasty was the territory of nuzhenbu in Daoxing Xianlu, Tokyo. In the early Jin Dynasty, it belonged to Suping road of Shangjing Road, later to helanlu Road, and in the later period, it belonged to Nanjing of Dongxia state. Yuan Dynasty belongs to Kaiyuan Road, Nanjing wanhufu. In the Ming Dynasty, it was subordinate to nurgandu and bukhatu.

In April 1644, the Qing government regarded this place as the birthplace of the Qing Dynasty, and listed the area to the south of Xingjing and Yitong and to the north of Tumen River as the forbidden mountain paddock. Since the lifting of the ban in the Qing Dynasty, Longjing City has also been banned. In this way, from the early Qing Dynasty to Guangxu years, Longjing City became a desolate area with few people.

Guangxu six years (1880) set up Fenfang County, under the jurisdiction of aktun city (now Dunhua county).

In 1881 (the seventh year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu), the Qing government abolished the ban on the area north of the Tumen River, set up Nangang Reclamation Bureau, implemented the immigration policy and recruited Korean immigrants openly. In 1902 (the 28th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu), the Qing government set up Yanji hall in Juzi Street (now Yanji City), which was subordinate to the vice capital of Hunchun.

In 1909 (the first year of Xuantong), the Qing government changed the Yanji hall into Yanji mansion, which was subordinate to the southeast road of Jilin Province.

In 1910 (the second year of Xuantong), Longjing was designated as the Southwest Road.

In 1913, Yanji Prefecture was renamed Yanji County, which was under the jurisdiction of Yin Gong, Yanji Road, Jilin Province. It was divided into six townships (Zhiren, Shangyi, Chongli, Shouxin, Yongzhi, Chunyang), five streets (Juzi street, tongfosi street, wengshenglazi street, dongshengyong street, Sanchakou Street), one town (Shanhe town) and 59 villages.

In 1929, Yanji County Office was renamed as Yanji county government, and township was changed into district. After the establishment of Manchukuo in 1932, Yanji county government was renamed Yanji County Office, which was under the jurisdiction of Yanbian inspector Office of Jilin Province.

In December 1934 (the first year of Kant), Yanji County belonged to the puppet Jiandao Province, with 6 districts in the county, a total of 13 cities (streets), 29 townships and 469 villages. In November 1945, the people of all nationalities in Yanji county set up the people's Government of Yanji County, which has four cities (Yanji City, Longjing City, Tumen City, Mingyuegou city) and 18 districts. The county government is located in Yanji city.

In October 1950, the CPC Yanji County Committee and government moved from Yanji city to Longjing City. On September 3, 1952, Yanbian Korean Autonomous Region was established and Yanji county was under the jurisdiction of the region. In May 1953, Yanji city was separated from Yanji county and put under the jurisdiction of the autonomous region.

In December 1955, Yanbian Korean Autonomous Region was changed into Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, and Yanji county was under the jurisdiction of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture.

In April 1965, Tumen town was set up as Tumen City from Yanji County under the jurisdiction of the Autonomous Prefecture.

On April 7, 1983, Yanji county was renamed Longjing county.

On May 25, 1988, with the approval of the State Council, Longjing county was removed from the county and built into a city.

On February 3, 1988, with the approval of Jilin provincial government, Chaoyang township was abolished and its jurisdiction was merged into Chaoyang Chuan town; Guangkai township was abolished and its jurisdiction was merged into Kaishantun town; on April 2, Chang'an Town and Yilan Township were assigned to Tumen City and Yanji city respectively. On July 28, 1988, with the approval of Jilin provincial government, Longjing town was cancelled and four streets, Jisheng, Anmin, Longmen and Hexi, were established. (on September 21, 2001, Jisheng and Hexi sub district offices were abolished and put under the jurisdiction of Anmin and Longmen sub district offices respectively.)

At the beginning of 2008, Yanji city was entrusted with the management of Chaoyang town of Longjing City. On January 4, 2009, the Department of civil affairs of Jilin Province (jiminxingpi No.1) approved that Chaoyang town of Longjing City and its subordinate villages Jicheng village, Qinlao village, Taidong village, Guangshi village, hehe village, Sancheng village, Dongfeng Village, Changqing village, Guangrong village, Longsheng village, Liuxin village, Hengdao Village, Zhongping village, Taixing village, Badao village, Changsheng village, Pingdao village, Chaoyang village and Group 2, group 3, group 4, group 5, group 6, group 7 and group 8 of Sanfeng village are under the jurisdiction of Yanji city. The administrative areas under the jurisdiction of Dexin village and Sanfeng village group 1 of Chaoyangchuan town are under the jurisdiction of laodigou town of Longjing City.

administrative division

As of 2014, Longjing City has 5 towns (Kaishantun Town, laodigou Town, Sanhe Town, dongshengyong town and Zhixin town), 2 townships (Dexin Township and Baijin township), 2 streets (Anmin street and Longmen Street), 65 villagers' committees and 461 natural villages.

geographical environment

Location context

Longjing City is located in the southeast of Jilin Province, at the east foot of Changbai Mountain, facing Korea across Tumen River in the southeast. Geographical coordinates: 128 ° 54 ′ - 129 ° 48 ′ e, 42 ° 21 ′ - 43 ° 24 ′ n. The border line is 142.5 km long, bordering Yanji City and Tumen City in the northeast, Helong city in the southwest and Antu County in the northwest. The terrain ranges from marginal mountain to central basin. Longjing covers a total area of 2581 square kilometers, with the highest altitude of 1331 meters and the lowest altitude of 101 meters.

topographic features

Longjing has a total area of 2581 square kilometers, with the highest altitude of 1331 meters and the lowest altitude of 101 meters. The terrain ranges from marginal mountain to central basin.

climate

Longjing City belongs to the mid temperate continental monsoon climate. There are four distinct seasons in a year, cold in winter and hot in summer. The annual average temperature is 5.6 ℃, the hottest in July, the coldest in January, the average temperature is - 13.4 ℃, the annual extreme maximum temperature is 37.1 ℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is - 34.8 ℃. The average annual rainfall is 549.3 mm, which belongs to humid area. The annual average sunshine hours is 2429.1 hours, the average date of the first frost is September 27, the average date of the last frost is May 6, and the average frost free period is 143 days.

natural resources

Animal resources

There are 91 species of birds, 59 genera, 36 families, 14 orders; 15 species of animals, 10 families, 5 orders; 10 species of reptiles, 2 families; 10 species of amphibians, 6 families; and nearly 38 species of fishes, 13 families, 8 orders. In the nature reserve, there are 1 species of national key protected class I wild animals, namely sable; 12 species of national key protected class II wild animals, namely black bear, lynx, mandarin duck, Yan falcon, red footed falcon, kestrel, hazel grouse, long tailed forest osprey, short eared osprey, osprey, kite, magpie Harrier, etc.; and 3 rare fish species, including salmon, spotted head fish and Japanese lamprey.

Forest resources

Longjing City has a National Natural Reserve of Tricholoma matsutake in tianfuzhi mountain, with a total area of 77317 hectares. The main coniferous species is Pinus densiflora, and the zonal forest vegetation is coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest dominated by Pinus densiflora.

mineral resources

Longjing City is rich in oil, natural gas and other mineral resources, and has found 33 kinds of mineral resources such as coal, lead, zinc and gold. The reserves of coal are about 10 million tons, mainly distributed in laodagou, Sanhe, Kaishantun, etc.; the reserves of gold are about 1.8 tons, mainly distributed in Badao, etc.; the reserves of wollastonite are about 5 million tons, mainly distributed in laodagou, Zhixin, etc.; the reserves of limestone are about 30 million tons, including 17 million tons of industrial cement raw materials; the oil field covers an area of about 1000 square kilometers, with reserves of about 100 million tons; it contains calcium, magnesium, calcium and calcium Mineral water containing sodium and other trace elements has been widely used.

Population nationality

According to the records of Yanji County in 1914, the total population of Yanji county is 115961, including 65855 Korean people.

As of 2014, 172511 registered residence population in Longjing, including 106780 non-agricultural population, 61.9% of the total population, 65731 of the agricultural population, accounting for 38.1%. There are 12 ethnic minorities, including Han, Korean, Manchu and Hui. The population of Korean nationality is 115000, accounting for 66.4% of the total population. It is the most concentrated residence of Korean nationality in China and the most preserved folk culture of Korean nationality