Yongchang County, Jinchang City, Gansu Province

Yongchang County Yongchang County belongs to Jinchang City, Gansu Province. It is located in the northwest of Gansu Province, in the east of Hexi Corridor, the north foot of Qilian Mountain and the south edge of Alxa platform. Wuwei in the East, Jinchuan in the north, Shandan in the West and Sunan in the south. The geographical coordinates are 101 ° 04 ′ - 102 ° 43 ′ E and 37 ° 47 ′ - 38 ° 39 ′ n. The longest distance from east to west is 144.8 kilometers, and the widest distance from north to south is 144.55 kilometers, covering a total area of 7439.27 square kilometers.

By 2019, Yongchang County has nine towns and one township. The population of Yongchang County is mainly Han nationality, and the minority nationalities include Mongolian, Hui and fan.

In 2017, Yongchang County achieved a GDP of 6.796 billion yuan, an increase of 3.5% over 2016. On October 10, 2018, Gansu Provincial Government approved Yongchang County to withdraw from poverty-stricken county. On July 29, 2020, it will be included in the National Health township (county) naming list of 2017-2019 cycle.

Evolution of organizational system

According to more than 20 Neolithic ancient cultural sites and a large number of cultural relics excavated in the territory, such as Shili and yuanyangchi, maobula, shuimoguan, Erba, jiuba, luandonzitan, jiugejing, etc., from 10000 years ago to 4000 years ago, from the late primitive society to the early slave society, human beings flourished in the xidahe and DONGDAHE river basins in Yongchang County. During the Shang and Zhou dynasties, it was the pasture of Xirong, and from the spring and Autumn period to the Warring States period to the Qin Dynasty, it was the pasture of the Yue clan.

In the fourth year of Emperor Wen of the Western Han Dynasty (176 BC), Huodun Shanyu sent Youxian king to drive away Yueshi, so he became Xiongnu Youdi. In the second year of Yuanshou, Emperor Wu (121 BC), general Huo Qubing and Wanqi sent troops to Hexi, over Yanzhishan, defeated Xiongnu, and set up Wuwei and Jiuquan counties in Hexi. Ten years later, in order to get through the western regions and isolate the southern Qiang and the Huns, the two counties were divided into Wuwei County, Jiuquan County, Zhangye county and Dunhuang county. In the fifth year of Yuanfeng (106 BC), the whole country was divided into 13 states. Today, Yongchang County is first followed by four counties, namely Luanyao County of Wuwei County and Fanhe, Liyi and XianMei counties of Zhangye county.

From the Wei Dynasty to the Western Jin Dynasty, Yongchang was divided into three counties: Fanhe, XianMei and Liqi, which belonged to two counties first and then Wuwei.

In the fifth year of Yongjia (311) in the Western Jin Dynasty, Zhang Gui, the former king of Liang, set up Yanzhi and Xinzhang counties according to Yanzhi mountain, belonging to the newly established Wuxing County in Yongning, while Fanhe, XianMei and Liqi still belonged to Wuwei County. In the first year of the Jin Dynasty (376), the former Qin Dynasty destroyed the former Liang Dynasty. In 386, Qin general Lu Guang established himself as a herdsman in Liangzhou and established his capital as guzang, which was called Houliang. In the first year of Long'an (397), the bald Wu Gu called himself the king of Xiping and was called Nanliang. In the same year, Duan Ye rebelled against LV Guang and changed the yuan Shenxi to Beiliang. Later, the county was destroyed, and now it belongs to Nanliang. In the fifth year of Long'an (401), Beiliang Juqu Mengxun destroyed Xiliang and Nanliang, and Zhiliang, Qin and Sha were three prefectures. During the northern and Southern Dynasties, Liangzhou led 10 counties in the Northern Wei Dynasty, among which Fanhe led Zhang (Zhang) and Yanzhi (Yanzhi).

In the Western Wei Dynasty, the United States belonged to Liangzhou, and Fanhe County led Fanhe.

In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Liqian (Liqian), Zhangzhang and Yanzhi belonged to Wuwei County of Liangzhou, where XianMei county was abandoned and guzang county was occupied, and Fanhe county was abandoned.

In the middle period of Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty (around 590), Fanhe county was restored to Wuwei County. In the first year of Daye (605), Liqian, Zhang, Yanzhi and other counties were merged into Fanhe County, still belonging to Wuwei County.

In the early Tang Dynasty, Fanhe county was still established. Xianheng first year (670), in the county home Xiongzhou. The first year of diaolu (679) abolished the state. In the third year of Tianbao (744), Fanhe county was changed to Tianbao county. In the first year of Jinglong (707), it was abolished, and in the second year of Xianxian (713), it was restored. Guangde was occupied by Tubo in 764. In the second year of Xiantong (861), Zhang Yichao expelled Tubo, conquered Liangzhou and returned to Tang Dynasty.

During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Liangzhou was occupied by Tubo, Uighur and Dangxiang nationalities.

In the second year of Zhidao (996) of the Northern Song Dynasty, it belonged to song territory and Xiliang Prefecture. In the first year of song Jingde (1004), Li Yuanhao of Dangxiang nationality captured Ganzhou and Liangzhou. In the fifth year of Jinghu (1038), he established Xixia regime in Xingqing prefecture (jinyinchuan), and established Yongzhou by Fanhe, which belongs to Xiliang Prefecture.

In 1226, Genghis Khan sent troops to destroy Xixia and reestablish Xiliang Prefecture.

In 1272, the ninth year of the reign of emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty, "all kings must build a new city with Auricularia auricula and give it the name of Yongchang mansion" (the book of Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty). "In the 15th year of the Zhiyuan Dynasty, Yongchang Road was established where the palace of the king of Yongchang was located, and Xiliang mansion was demoted as the state Yan" (yuan history · geography annals), which belongs to the province of xingzhongshu in Gansu Province. The name of Yongchang has been used ever since.

In the 15th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1382), zhiyongchangwei was under the command of Shaanxi Xingdu.

In 1725, yongchangwei was changed into Yongchang County, which was subordinate to Liangzhou Prefecture.

In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), Yongchang County was renamed Ganliang road; in the 16th year of the Republic of China (1927), Yongchang County was abolished, and each county directly belonged to the province; in the 25th year of the Republic of China (1936), the whole province was divided into seven administrative supervision districts, and Yongchang County was the sixth administrative supervision district. On November 8 of the same year, the West Route Army of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army entered Yongchang and established the Chinese Soviet Yongchang district (county) government, which lasted more than 40 days.

On September 19, 1949, the Chinese people's Liberation Army liberated Yongchang. On September 23, the people's Government of Yongchang County was established, which belongs to the office of Wuwei administrative commissioner.

In October 1955, it was renamed Yongchang County People's Committee, belonging to Zhangye special office (the three special offices in Hexi were merged).

In 1961, Wuwei, Zhangye and Jiuquan were set up respectively, and Yongchang was under the jurisdiction of Wuwei.

On May 7, 1968, Yongchang County Revolutionary Committee was established to replace the original Yongchang County People's Committee.

In 1980, Yongchang County People's government was restored.

In February 1981, the State Council approved the establishment of Jinchang City, and Yongchang County was designated as Jinchang city.

administrative division

By 2019, Yongchang County has jurisdiction over 9 towns and 1 Township, including Xinchengzi Town, Hongshanyao Town, jiaojiazhuang Town, Chengguan Town, Dongzhai Town, Liuba Town, Nanba Town, Shuiyuan Town, zhuwangbao town and Hexibao town. The county government is located in Chengguan town.

geographical environment

Location context

Yongchang County is located in the east of Hexi Corridor, the north foot of Qilian Mountain and the south margin of Alxa platform. Wuwei in the East, Jinchuan in the north, Shandan in the West and Sunan in the south. The geographical coordinates are 101 ° 04 ′ - 102 ° 43 ′ E and 37 ° 47 ′ - 38 ° 39 ′ n. The longest distance from east to west is 144.8 kilometers, and the widest distance from north to south is 144.55 kilometers, covering a total area of 7439.27 square kilometers.

landforms

The terrain of Yongchang County is mainly mountainous and plain. It spreads from east to west with the Gobi desert. The north and South Mountains face each other. The mountains and rivers crisscross, and the oasis and desert stretch. The lowest altitude is 1452 meters, the highest altitude is 4442 meters, the average altitude is 2000 meters, and the altitude of cultivated land is 1452-2400 meters.

Climate

Yongchang County has a temperate continental climate, with no severe cold in winter and no severe heat in summer. The annual average temperature is 4.8 ℃, the average precipitation is 185.1 mm, and the frost free period is 134 days. The annual average sunshine is 2884.2 hours, and the sunshine rate is 65%. The annual evaporation is 2000.6 mm.

natural resources

Mineral resources

As of 2014, Yongchang County has discovered more than 60 mineral areas, mainly including 17 kinds of iron, copper, nickel, lead, zinc, tungsten, bismuth, phosphorus, agate, Xiuyu, crystal, limestone, dolomite, quartzite, fluorite, gypsum, clay, bentonite, coal, oil, etc. Among them, there are 6 large-scale deposits, 9 medium-sized deposits, 15 small-scale deposits and 32 mineralization points, which belong to 4 mineral types.

Ferrous metals are mainly iron ores, including one medium-sized iron deposit, one small deposit and nine mineralization points. The total ore reserves are 20 million tons and the annual mining capacity is 100000 tons. Among them, Dongdashan medium iron mine has total reserves of 19.46 million tons and TFE grade of 35.6%, which has been exploited and used by Hexibao iron plant.

There are six kinds of nonferrous metals, including copper, nickel, lead, zinc, tungsten and bismuth. Among them, there is one huge copper nickel deposit and 10 mineralization points. Jinchuan nickel mine (now under the jurisdiction of Jinchang City) is a super large nickel sulfide deposit in China, second only to the deposit of Canada International Nickel company, ranking second in the world. In addition to nickel, there are 14 valuable elements such as copper, cobalt and platinum group. The proven nickel reserves are more than 5 million tons, accounting for 80% of the national nickel reserves; the copper reserves are more than 3 million tons, second only to Jiangxi Dexing Copper Mine, ranking second in the country; the cobalt reserves are 150000 tons; the platinum group metal reserves account for 90% of the national proven reserves. The large deposit, the concentration of ore bodies and the amount of available metals are rare at home and abroad.

Non metallic minerals include phosphorus, limestone, dolomite, quartzite, gypsum, clay, bentonite, etc. Among them, there are 5 large deposits, 8 medium deposits, 6 small deposits and 10 ore occurrences. The total reserves of Yingshi and pottery are 2.51 million tons, with an annual mining capacity of 20000 tons; the total reserves of pottery are 1.2 million tons, with an annual mining capacity of 0.3 million tons; the reserves of quartz sand are 25.44 million tons, to be developed. The reserves of dolomite and bentonite are also considerable.

Combustible minerals include coal, petroleum, oil and gas - asphalt and other minerals. Among them, there are 8 small-scale coal mines and 1 ore occurrence, with a total reserve of 84.97 million tons and an annual mining capacity of 200000 tons; and 2 oil gas ground asphalt ore occurrences. There is one oil deposit, which was exploited in the 1950s, with a daily oil output of 200 liters.

Biological resources

Animal resources

As of 2014, Yongchang County has two species of snow leopard and Tibetan snow chicken under the first class national protection, and blue eared pheasant, red deer, musk deer, lynx, otter and gazelle under the second class national protection