Kaizhou District, Chongqing Municipality

Kaizhou District Kaizhou district belongs to Chongqing City, located in the northeast of Chongqing City, at the end of backwater of Xiaojiang tributary in Three Gorges Reservoir area, between 30 ° 49 ′ 30 ″ - 31 ° 41 ′ 30 ″ N and 107 ° 55 ′ 48 ″ - 108 ° 54 ′ e, adjacent to Kaijiang County of Dazhou city in Sichuan Province in the west, Chengkou county and Xuanhan County of Dazhou city in Sichuan Province in the north, Yunyang County and Wuxi County in the East, and Wanzhou District of Yangtze River in the south.

By the end of 2019, the area of Kai Zhou was 3963 square kilometers and the registered residence population was 1 million 686 thousand. It has jurisdiction over 27 towns, 8 streets and 5 townships. In 2019, the annual GDP will reach 50.559 billion yuan, an increase of 6.4% over 2018.

In 2011, it was listed as "pilot park of people's livelihood industry" by Chongqing municipal government and praised as "excellent Park of Northeast Chongqing". It has won the honorary titles of "2013 China Leisure Town", "national advanced grain production unit", "National Model City (county)" and so on.

Historical evolution

Kaizhou belonged to Liangzhou in ancient times. The Western Zhou Dynasty belongs to the state of Yong. In the spring and Autumn period of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, it belonged to the state of Ba.

Qin and Han belong to Qu county of Ba County. In the 21st year of Jian'an (216) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Shu first ruled Qu county and set up Hanfeng County in the west, which was named after the abundance of Han soil. It belongs to Guling County of Yizhou.

In the northern and Southern Dynasties, Liu Song (420-479) added Baqu and Xinpu counties in Hanfeng, which belonged to Badong County (Zhijin Fengjie); in the Western Wei Dynasty (535), Hanfeng was changed to Yongning, which belonged to Xinzhou (Zhijin Fengjie); in the first year of Northern Zhou Tianhe (566), Badong County was divided into Wan'an County, Yongning County and Wanshi County; in addition, Zhou'an county was set up and Xiliu county was set up ）Xinpu county and Xinpu County belong to Xinzhou. In the fourth year of Tianhe (569), the state was moved to Xinpu, and then to Yongning, which governed Yongning, Wanshi, Xinpu and Xiliu counties.

In the Sui Dynasty, Yongning was changed into Shengshan county and Kaizhou into Wanzhou in the 18th year of kaihuang (599), which belongs to Xinzhou general manager's Office (governing Fengjie).

In the Tang Dynasty, Wanzhou was changed into Kaizhou in 618, Xiliu county was merged into Shengshan County in 627, and TongZhou was subordinate to the governor of Tongzhou from 620 to 632. Shengshan county was changed into Kaijiang County in 763, and Kaizhou had three counties: Kaijiang, Xinpu and Wansui.

In the Song Dynasty, in the fourth year of Qingli (1044), Xinpu province entered the Kaijiang river. Long live, it was renamed Qingshui. It belongs to Kuizhou road of Chuanxia four roads (governing Fengjie today).

In the Yuan Dynasty, provinces and counties entered the state. It belongs to Kuizhou road.

In the Ming Dynasty, in the sixth year of Hongwu (1373), the Prefecture was demoted to a county, and the name of Kaixian County began from then on. It belongs to Kuizhou Prefecture. Because Nanhe was called Kaijiang in ancient times, the prefecture and county got their names from it.

In the Qing Dynasty, it was the capital of Kuizhou in eastern Sichuan Province.

In October 1918, Xiong Kewu, commander-in-chief of the Sichuan Yasukuni army and governor of Sichuan Province, was appointed as commander of the seventh division of the Yasukuni army and stationed in Daxian county. At that time, it had jurisdiction over Daxian, Xuanhan, Kaijiang, Wanyuan, Chengkou, Kaixian, Yunyang, Fengjie, Wuxi, Quxian, Yingshan, Yilong, Peng'an, Tongjiang, Nanjiang, Bazhong, Langzhong, Cangxi, Nanbu, Yanting, Zhaohua, Guangyuan, Jiange and Zitong counties.

In 1935, it was the ninth administrative supervision district of Sichuan Province.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Kaixian was under the jurisdiction of Sichuan Province. In March 1997, after Chongqing was put under the central government, Kaixian was under the jurisdiction of Chongqing.

On June 8, 2016, the State Council approved the abolition of Kaixian and the establishment of Kaizhou District in Chongqing. On July 22 of the same year, Kaizhou district was officially established.

On August 5, 2020, the Joint Conference on the establishment of Wanda Kaichuan Chongqing integrated development demonstration zone was held in Dazhou. The statistical bureaus of Dazhou City, Wanzhou District, Kaizhou district and Yunyang County of Chongqing had in-depth exchanges on the coordinated development of statistical work, negotiated the establishment of cross administrative regional statistical cooperation mechanism, and signed the statistical strategic cooperation agreement on the establishment of "Wanda Kaichuan Chongqing integrated development demonstration zone" It's a good idea.

On November 29, 2020, China will join the Dabashan Grand Three Gorges Cultural Tourism Development Alliance.

administrative division

On May 20, 2019, Chongqing Municipal People's Government approved the cancellation of manyue Township and Baiquan Township in Kaizhou District, and established manyue town and Xuebaoshan town respectively.

In August 2020, Chongqing Municipal People's Government approved the abolition of Zhen'an town and the establishment of Zheng'an street. Zheng'an Street governs the administrative region of the former Zhen'an Town, and the sub district office is located at No. 8 Longjiang street, Ziwei community (the resident of the former Zhen'an Town People's Government).

By 2020, Kaizhou district has jurisdiction over 8 streets, 27 towns and 5 townships, and the government is stationed at 233, the middle section of Kaizhou Avenue, Hanfeng street.

geographical environment

Location context

Kaizhou district is located in the northeast of Chongqing, in the north of the Yangtze River, in the south slope of Daba Mountain and Chongqing parallel ridge Valley combination zone. It is located between 30 ° 49 ′ 30 ″ - 31 ° 41 ′ 30 ″ N and 107 ° 55 ′ 48 ″ - 108 ° 54 ′ e, with a total area of 3959 square kilometers. It is adjacent to Kaijiang County, Dazhou City, Sichuan Province in the west, Chengkou county and Xuanhan County, Dazhou City, Sichuan Province in the north, Yunyang County and Wuxi County in the East, and Wanzhou District in the south.

geology

The development of strata and relief in Kaizhou area are closely related to the geological development history of Sichuan Basin. During the Indosinian movement in the late Mesozoic Triassic, the Sichuan platform was strongly compressed, forming geosynclinal folds and forming the Dabashan anticline in the northern Kaizhou area. By the Yanshanian movement in the late Jurassic and Cretaceous of Mesozoic, the eastern Sichuan Basin was obviously compressed and folded into nearly parallel echelon Valley in Northeast southwest direction, forming Wenquan anticline Jiangli syncline Kailiang anticline Puli syncline Tiefeng anticline.

landforms

Under the erosion and cutting of orogeny and water flow, three geomorphic types, seven geomorphic units and eight geomorphic surfaces, including mountain, hill and plain, were formed in Kaizhou area. Mountainous area accounts for 63%, hilly area accounts for 31%, plain area accounts for 6%, which is generally "Six Mountains, three hills and one dam", and the terrain gradually decreases from northeast to southwest. In the north, it belongs to the deep hills and middle mountains on the south slope of Daba Mountain, with an altitude of more than 1000 meters. The highest point is the main peak of yiziliang hengzhucao in Baiquan Township, with an altitude of 2626 meters. Along the coast of Sanli River Valley, the altitude is relatively low, and the lowest point is Chongfu village, Qukou Town, the south, with an altitude of 134 meters. There are sporadic massive flat dams along the river, with open terrain and deep soil layer. The mountains in Kaizhou district mainly include guanmian mountain range, Nanshan Mountain range and Tiefeng mountain range. The mountain range is the Daba Mountain Branch, north-east and west direction; the Nanshan range is from the Mingyue Mountain Branch of Liangping County, South to northwest and East; the Tiefeng mountain range extends from the essence hill of Zhongxian to the east of the south, northwest and East. The Nanshan and Tiefeng mountains are composed of barrier fold belts parallel to the mountains and valleys in eastern Sichuan. The anticlines are compact, forming low mountains; the synclines are spacious, forming hills, valleys or Plains.

climate

Kaizhou district is located in the middle latitude region, with the general characteristics of subtropical monsoon climate, and obvious seasonal changes. Due to the blocking of mountains around the basin, cold wave is not easy to invade, so the temperature is slightly higher than other areas at the same latitude and altitude, warm in winter and early in spring, marine monsoon brings a lot of warm air in summer, abundant rainfall and moderate temperature and humidity in summer. However, when the monsoon front stays, the Meiyu weather in early summer is formed; when the Pacific high controls the East Sichuan, the summer drought weather with high temperature and less rain appears in July and August. Three dimensional climate characteristics are obvious, and the temperature difference caused by latitude is very small, only 0.3 ~ 0.6 ℃; Kaizhou district can be divided into two major climate areas: one is the northern middle mountain area (above 1000 meters above sea level), which belongs to warm temperate monsoon climate area, with cold, cool and humid climate, many rainy days, heavy rainfall, poor light, short frost free period, and large frost and snow; the other is the shallow hilly area of Sanli River Valley, which belongs to Central Asia hot area The temperate monsoon climate zone is characterized by mild climate, abundant heat, abundant rainfall, four distinct seasons and long frost free period. Although the light is in the low value area of the same latitude in China, it is still stronger than the northern Zhongshan area, with less summer drought.

natural resources

water resource

There are five main rivers (Donghe, Nanhe, Puli, Taoxi, etc.) in Kaizhou District, with theoretical reserves of 218000 kW and exploitable capacity of 85000 kW.

mineral resources

As of 2015, the proven mineral deposits in Kaizhou district mainly include iron, copper, lead, zinc, gypsum, marble, etc., among which coal and natural gas are the most abundant. The coal reserves are 250 million tons, and the annual production is 2.2 million tons, which provides raw material guarantee for the 762000 kW thermal power generation of Baihe Power Plant; the natural gas reserves are 265 billion cubic meters, which is a national large gas field.

Biological resources

There are many kinds of plants in Kaizhou District, including 302 species of higher vascular plants in 76 families, including 23 species of gymnosperms in 5 families, 269 species of angiosperms in 64 families and 10 species of Pteridophytes in 7 families. The main clock trees are Lithocarpus, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, camellia, Schima superba, camphor, Zhennan, palm, etc.

There are more than 200 kinds of wild animals. Among them, there are 26 species of mammals, 78 species of birds, 11 species of reptiles, 19 species of amphibians, 13 species of fishes and 75 species of invertebrates. The main mammals are roe deer, golden monkey, wild boar, and the birds are white crane, thrush, cuckoo, pheasant, eagle, etc.

Population nationality

population

At the end of 2019, the total registered residence population was 1 million 686 thousand, with 636 thousand and 300 urban residents and 1 million 49 thousand and 700 rural population, with 37.74% registered residence population. 303300 people over 60 years old, accounting for 17.99% of the total population. At the end of the year, there were 1181500 permanent residents, including 585800 urban residents. The urbanization rate of permanent residents was 49.58%, 1.61 percentage points higher than that of the previous year. The actual birth rate in 2019 will be 7