Luoning County, Luoyang City, Henan Province

Luoning County, Luoning County, Henan Province, is located in the western mountain area of Henan Province, in the middle and upper reaches of Luohe River. It is the ancient capital of the thirteen dynasties, Luoyang City, with a total area of 2306 square kilometers, 12 towns and 6 townships under its jurisdiction. The total population of the county is 500000 (in 2016), including 390000 rural people. It is a typical agricultural and forestry county in mountainous area.

Luoning, known as GuDi in ancient times, is an official road connecting the eastern (Luoyang) and Western (Xi'an) capitals in ancient China. Its geographical location is very important. In the 11th year of Taihe in the Northern Wei Dynasty (487 AD), she county was established. In the first year of Wude in the Tang Dynasty (618 AD), it was renamed Yongning. In the second year of the Republic of China (1913 AD), it was renamed Luoning.

Luoning has beautiful landscape, numerous natural and cultural landscapes. In 2001, shenlingzhai scenic area was developed and promoted to National Forest Park and National Geopark successively. Luoning has a history of more than 4000 years and is known as the "hometown of green bamboo". The county has a bamboo forest area of more than 10000 mu. Around the green bamboo resources, green bamboo tourism has been developed, and two green bamboo wind events have been held. In addition, Guxian reservoir, a large national reservoir with a storage capacity of 1.2 billion cubic meters, the largest hunting ground in Henan Province, and quanbaoshan mountain, a primeval forest, are also included.

In 2020, Luoning County will be rated as a provincial forest city. In 2017, Luoning County was listed as a National Garden County. On May 9, 2019, after the provincial special evaluation and inspection, it reached the standard of getting rid of poverty and officially withdrew from the poverty county sequence. On July 29, 2020, it will be included in the list of national health towns (counties) to be reconfirmed in 2019.

In 2019, the GDP of the whole year will reach 20.51 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 7.7%; the local general public budget revenue will reach 1.178 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 9.2%.

Historical evolution

Luoning County is under the jurisdiction of Yiyang County and Lushi County in Qin Dynasty. From Han Dynasty to Jin Dynasty, it is under the jurisdiction of Yiyang County, Mianchi County and Lushi County.

In the 11th year of Taihe in the Northern Wei Dynasty (487 A.D.), in the northern part of Luoning, Shaanxi county was set up in the eastern part of Luoning. The county was governed by yelong, belonging to hengnong County of Sizhou. In the same year, nanmianchi county was set up in the north and central part of Luoning, which is located in Licheng and belongs to hengnong county.

In the second year of Yanchang in the Northern Wei Dynasty (513), Nanshan county was set up in the west of Luoning. It was the head of Shuicheng County and belonged to hengnong county. In the same year, Jinmen county was set up in the south of Luohe River, which was under the jurisdiction of Yiyang County.

In the early years of Tianping in the Eastern Wei Dynasty (534), it set up Jinmen county and took charge of the county seat of Jinmen. It belonged to Yangzhou, with four counties of lingjinmen, nanmianchi, Nanshan and Lushi. During the reign of Xinghe (539-542), Gu County belonged to hengnong County, while nanmianchi and Jinmen belonged to Yiyang County.

In the third year of the Western Wei Dynasty (537), in the east of Luoning and the west of Yiyang, Yiyang County was located in the north of Yiyang County, which was governed by Huanglong and belonged to Yiyang County of Yizhou. In 552, Nanshan county was renamed Changyuan County, belonging to Hongnong County of Yizhou. The next year, Yiyang County was changed to Xiong'er county.

In the second year of Emperor Ming of the Northern Zhou Dynasty (558), it set up the county of Gu and led the three counties of central Shaanxi, Northern Shaanxi and Gu. In the fifth year of Baoding (565), Emperor Wu of Zhou set up Tongji County in Tongji city (today's Chengtou village of Yangpo township), belonging to Tokyo, lingxiong'er and Mianchi counties.

Nanmianchi county was changed to Changluo County in Later Zhou Dynasty, and Luoshui County in Sui Dynasty.

In the second year of kaihuang (582), Yiyang County and Tongji county were abolished. Xionger county was changed to Henan county and moved to Tongji city. In the early year of Daye (605), the two counties of waste Gu and Luoshui entered Xionger.

In 618, Xiong'er county was renamed Yongning County and moved to YONGGU city (the old city of Chengguan town). Changyuan county was renamed Changshui county.

Yuan Zhizheng three years (1266), Changshui, Yongning County, called Yongning County, YONGGU city. It belongs to Henan Province.

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Yongning County belonged to Henan Province.

In 1913, Yongning County was changed into Luoning County, belonging to Heluo road. In 1927, it belonged to the office of the chief executive of western Henan. In the 21st year of the Republic of China (1932), it was one of the 11 inspection areas in Shanzhou.

In January 1945, the Communist Party of China established the Anti Japanese democratic government of Luoning County in Jiuxian village, belonging to the second special district of western Henan. During the Japanese occupation, the Anti Japanese democratic government of Luoning was in Xishan, the Kuomintang county government was in exile in Guxian village, and the puppet county government occupied the county seat. The confrontation between the three parties lasted until the surrender of the Japanese army in August of that year. In 1947, Luoning was liberated and divided into Luonan County and Luobei county. Luonan County belongs to three special offices in western Henan, and Luobei county belongs to five special offices in Taiyue.

In March 1948, Luonan County and Luobei county were still called Luoning County, belonging to the Shaanxi special office. In 1952, it belonged to Luoyang special office. In 1986, it belongs to Luoyang City.

administrative division

The county governs 12 towns and 6 townships, including Chengguan Town, wangfan Hui town, Shangge Town, Xiayu Town, Hedi Town, Xinghua Town, Dongsong Town, Madian Town, Guxian Town, Zhaocun Town, Changshui Town, Jingyang Town, Chengjiao Township, Xiaojie Township, Luoling Township, Dizhang Township, Chenwu Township and Jiankou Township.

geographical environment

Location context

Luoning County is located in the west of Luoyang City, Henan Province, in the middle reaches of Luohe River, between 34 ° 05 ′ - 34 ° 38 ′ N and 111 ° 08 ′ - 111 ° 49 ′ E. It borders Yiyang County in the East, Song County and Luanchuan County in the south, Lushi County and Lingbao City in the west, and Sanmenxia City, Shanzhou district and Mianchi County in the north. It is 64 kilometers long from east to west and 59 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of 2306 square kilometers, accounting for 15.2% of the total area of Luoyang City.

topographic features

The overall landform of Luoning County is "seven mountains, two plateaus and one river".

Climatic characteristics

In Luoning County, the annual average temperature is 13.7 ℃, sunshine is 2217.6 hours, the annual average frost free period is 216 days, and the annual precipitation is 600-800 mm. Luoning has a pleasant climate and four distinct seasons, which is suitable for the growth of a variety of crops.

natural resources

water resource

Luoning has many rivers and rich water resources. It is located in the middle reaches of Luohe River, a tributary of the Yellow River. Luohe River flows through Luoning for 68 km, with a drop of 229 meters. There are 28 large Jianhe rivers on both sides of Luohe River, with an annual transit volume of 1.253 billion cubic meters. The county's hydropower theoretical reserve is 166400 kW, of which 133800 kW can be developed and utilized. Now it has realized five level development of the main stream of Luohe River, with a total installed capacity of 86500 kW. Within two years, it will realize eight level development along Luohe River, with a hydropower installed capacity of more than 100000 kW. Using the unique geographical advantages, the paper demonstrates that the total investment of Dayugou pumped storage power station is 4.77 billion yuan and the total installed capacity is 1.4 million kilowatts. Guxian, Zhangcun, Changshui and horeshan hydropower stations have been built with a total installed capacity of 85600 kW, forming a cascade development with reasonable layout. It is one of the 200 rural primary electrification pilot counties in China. There are 35 large and small rivers in the county, with a total water resources of 1.6 billion cubic meters. The county has 34 large, medium and small reservoirs, with a total storage capacity of 1.25 billion cubic meters. It has three ten thousand mu irrigation areas in Luonan, Luobei and Goukou, with a total irrigation area of 138000 mu.

Luohe River, an important tributary of the Yellow River, flows through the territory for 68 kilometers, with a drop of 225 meters. The water energy reserve is 170000 kilowatts, and the ecological energy resources are very rich, with a water energy reserve of 166400 kilowatts.. There are 47 big and small rivers and 33 large, medium and small reservoirs in Guxian County, of which the water storage capacity of Guxian reservoir is 1.2 billion cubic meters. In 2010, it was identified as the first batch of "green energy demonstration counties" in China.

Forestry resources

The suitable forest area of Luoning County is 1.69 million mu, with 2.19 million cubic meters of forest stock and 150000 cubic meters of annual growth. Luoning light bamboo is known as the "hometown of green bamboo" because of its high culm, long node, many layers, fine lines and soft quality. The bamboo bones of palace lanterns in Ming and Qing Dynasties were all made of Luoning bamboo. The handicrafts made of light bamboo have been exported to Japan, South Korea and Southeast Asia. They are one of the top export products of Luoning.

mineral resources

As of 2013, Luoning County has issued 29 kinds of minerals such as cash, silver, lead, copper, iron and molybdenum. Among them, 77 tons of gold reserves and over 300 tons of prospective reserves are China's gold production base counties; 2100 tons of silver reserves, 500000 tons of lead reserves, 5500 tons of silver and 1.4 million tons of lead prospective reserves are China's three major silver production base counties.

Ecological energy

Seven hydropower stations have been built in Luoning with a total installed capacity of 150000 kW. The biomass power generation project with an investment of 240 million yuan and an installed capacity of 30000 kW has been completed and put into operation. Luoning is rich in solar energy, wind energy and other resources, which is suitable for the development of clean energy. It has initially formed a clean energy industrial cluster based on hydropower and biomass power generation. It was awarded "the first batch of green energy demonstration counties in China" by the national energy administration and the Ministry of finance.

traffic

highway

The main traffic routes in Luoning County are Zhengzhou Lushi expressway running through from east to west, Zhengzhou Lushi highway (provincial highway BAGUAN line), sandeng line from Luoning to Sanmenxia, Luanchuan provincial highway, Luoning to Yiyang (provincial highway Anhu line), Luoning to Mianchi (Luomian Road). There are buses and buses from the county to the townships (towns), which makes it convenient for people to travel. In 1996, with the approval of the State Council, Luoning County was designated as one of the counties open to foreigners in China.

The completion and opening of Luoyang Lushi section of S85 Zhengzhou Lushi Expressway further unblocks the East, West, South and North exits of the county. It takes 40 minutes to drive from Luoning to Luoyang City and two hours to Zhengzhou. During the "12th Five Year Plan" period, Shanxi Yuanqu Mianchi Luoning Luanchuan Xixia expressway will be built, forming a "cross" in Luoning, making the traffic more convenient.

airport

Luoning is 80 kilometers away from Luoyang, 215 kilometers away from Zhengzhou, the provincial capital, and more than 20 large and medium-sized cities such as Xi'an, Yuncheng, Sanmenxia, Zhengzhou and Luoyang within 300 kilometers. Three provincial roads pass through the border. 6 km from Longhai Railway