Jiaocheng District, Ningde City, Fujian Province

Jiaocheng District, Jiaocheng District, referred to as "Jiao", is the political, economic, financial, cultural, information and transportation center of eastern Fujian, the core urban area of the northeast wing of the Economic Zone on the west side of the Straits, and the core urban area of the regional center around sandu'ao. It is a harbor city with "mountain, sea, Sichuan and island" tourism scenery and suitable for human settlement.

Jiaocheng District is located at the south foot of Jiufeng Mountain and the shore of sandu'ao in the northeast of Fujian Province. It faces Xiapu County across the sea in the East, Fu'an City in the northeast, Zhouning County in the north, Pingnan County and Gutian County in the west, and Luoyuan County in Fuzhou City in the South. Located between 119 ° 8'30 ″ - 119 ° 20 ″ E and 26 ° 30'36 ″ - 26 ° 58 ′ n, it is 70 km wide from east to west and 50 km long from north to south, with a total area of 1664.53 square kilometers, a total coastline of 211 km and a total sea area of 280 square kilometers. Jiaocheng District is the seat of the CPC Ningde Municipal Committee and government, with a total population of 464320. It governs 10 towns, 4 townships, 2 sub district offices and a provincial Development Zone (sandu'ao Economic Development Zone). It is popular in eastern Fujian dialect.

"Mountain, sea, Sichuan Island, lake, forest and cave, a fresh drink to East Fujian." Jiaocheng, with beautiful scenery, unique tourism resources, long history and profound cultural heritage, is known as "the land of the sea and culture". There are a few historical and cultural blocks of Ming and Qing Dynasties in Fujian Province and the only one in eastern Fujian; Shangjinbei village of she village in China; Tianhu ripple in sandu'ao of Lianggang; Huotong Zhiti Mountain National Forest Park, which is regarded as the "first cave" by Taoism and has its own saying of "Buddha nest and immortal cave". It is green all the year round, natural and interesting; Huotong line lion and she folk songs are rated as the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage.

Jiaocheng District is the largest breeding base of Pseudosciaena crocea in China. It is the "hometown of Pseudosciaena crocea in China" and the "hometown of late maturing longan in China". It is well-known at home and abroad for its natural deep-water port sandu'ao.

In 2019, Jiaocheng District will achieve a GDP of 67.937 billion yuan (including Dongqiao), an increase of 16.5% over the previous year. The per capita GDP was 149312 yuan, an increase of 15% over the previous year.

Historical evolution

The origin of place names

In the 16th century, the Japanese invaders spread all over Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong. Almost all the counties in eastern Fujian were devastated, and Ningde city was in ruins. In 1561, Lin Shifang, the county magistrate, completed the stone wall and the county office in two years. Ningde Shicheng looks like banana leaves, so it is called "banana city". Its block pattern is completely the pattern of "banana leaf city" after the rebirth of Ningde City in 1563.

History of construction

Ningde is the place of Qimin in ancient times. During the period of Kaicheng in Tang Dynasty (836-840), gandechang was located in Ningchuan of Changxi county and northeast of Gutian County.

After the Five Dynasties, in the fourth year of Changxing of Tang Dynasty (933), Ningde county was promoted to a county, named after Ningchuan's "Ning" and Gande's "de", which belongs to Changyue Prefecture. When the county was built, Ningde had a large territory. After a few years of analysis, the situation gradually narrowed.

In the third year of Xianping of Song Dynasty (1000), Guanli town (now Zhenghe County) was set up in Guanli County, which was separated from Ningde county. According to the annals of Ningde county published by Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, it is 600 Li from the Zhou Dynasty, 70 Li from Funing Prefecture in the East, 15 Li from Luoyuan County in the south, 15 Li from Gutian County in the west, and 230 Li from Zhenghe County in the north.

In the 23rd year of the Yuan Dynasty (1286), Changxi county was upgraded to Funing Prefecture, which belonged to Ningde county. In 1369, Funing Prefecture was changed to Funing County, and Ningde belonged to Fuzhou Prefecture. In 1472, Funing County became Funing Prefecture, and Ningde County became Funing Prefecture.

In 1734, Funing Prefecture was promoted to Funing Prefecture, and Ningde county was subordinate to it. In the 13th year of Yongzheng reign, the 15th to 18th century of dongyangli in Qingtian township was divided

In March 1913, Ningde county was located in Donglu Road (the Department of Taoism was located in Minhou County). All of them were set up in Dongyang county (today's Zhouning county), and were governed by Ningde county magistrate. In the 33rd year of Guangxu (1907), it was transferred to the county assistant.

In June of the third year of the Republic of China, Donglu road was renamed minhai Road, and Ningde county belongs to minhai road. In the 14th year of the Republic of China, the national government of Fujian Province was established and the road was abandoned. Ningde county is directly under the jurisdiction of the province.

In November of the 22nd year of the Republic of China, the 19th Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army established the people's revolutionary government of the people's Republic of China in Fuzhou. Fujian was divided into four provinces and two cities. Ningde county was a Fujian Province. In January of the next year, the "Fujian coup" failed, the people's revolutionary government died prematurely, and Ningde County returned to the province directly under the central government.

In July of the Republic of China, the administrative inspector system was implemented in the whole province, and the administrative inspector office was set up. Ningde county is the second administrative inspector district (the special office is located in Fu'an county). In November of the same year, Sandu special zone was established under the jurisdiction of the province. In May of the 24th year of the Republic of China, zhoudun special zone was established under the jurisdiction of the province.

In February of the 25th year of the Republic of China, zhoudun special area was changed into the third area of Ningde county. In January of the 26th year of the Republic of China, zhoudun special area was reestablished, and zhoudun was separated from Ningde county. In October of the same year, the administrative divisions of the whole province were adjusted, and Ningde county was the first administrative supervision district (the special office was located in Changle County).

In March of the 28th year of the Republic of China, Sandu special zone was abolished, and Sandu returned to Ningde county.

In September of the Republic of China, Ningde county was transformed into the eighth administrative supervision district (special office in Fu'an). In September of the 37th year of the Republic of China, Xianshan township was under the jurisdiction of Zhouning county.

On October 1, 1949, the people's Republic of China was founded, and Fujian Province carried out the division adjustment. Ningde county belongs to the third administrative supervision district (the special office is located in Fu'an county).

In March 1950, the third administrative supervision district was renamed Fu'an special district, and Ningde county was subordinate to Fu'an special district.

In 1951, jiebeikeng township was under the jurisdiction of Fu'an county. At the beginning of the "Cultural Revolution", military control was carried out in Fu'an special region, and Ningde county was under the jurisdiction of the military control committee of Fu'an special region.

On April 18, 1968, the Revolutionary Committee of Fu'an special region was established under the jurisdiction of Ningde county. On June 17, 1970, the Revolutionary Committee of Fu'an special region was renamed the Revolutionary Committee of Ningde region. In July of that year, it moved to Ningde, and the subordinate relationship of Ningde County remained unchanged.

On October 1, 1978, the Revolutionary Committee of Ningde district was abolished and renamed Ningde district administrative office. Ningde county belongs to Ningde district.

On October 4, 1988, the State Council approved the withdrawal of Ningde county and the establishment of Ningde City, which is under the jurisdiction of Ningde Prefecture.

In 1999, Ningde Prefecture and county-level Ningde City were abolished, and prefecture level Ningde City and Jiaocheng District were established respectively. Jiaocheng District was under the jurisdiction of prefecture level Ningde City.

administrative division

geographical environment

geographical position

Jiaocheng District, located in the middle of China's coastline and the west coast of the Pacific Ocean, is also in the center of the confluence of the Yangtze River economic plate and the Guangdong Hong Kong Pearl River economic plate. Latitude 26 ° 31 ′ - 26 ° 58 ′, longitude 119 ° 08 ′ - 119 ° 51 ′.

topographic features

Located in the northern part of the eastern Fujian mountains, it is the eastern slope of Jiufeng Mountain. The terrain is high in the West and low in the East. From west to East, it decreases in steps. Most of the areas are above 500 meters above sea level, and are the highest counties and cities along the coast. The first flag, the highest peak in the region, is 1479 meters above sea level; the eastern part has high hills and steep slopes, most of which are close to the coast. Low hills, valley alluvial plain and intermittent coastal plain are distributed on both sides of Huotong River and some coastal areas. There are more than 20 islands.

hydrology

Ningde has a well-developed water system, which is distributed in a dendritic shape, and the main channel flows into the sea from west to East. Huotong river is the main river, with 126 km of main stream (68 km in the territory), 2244 square km of drainage area (517.5 square km in the territory), and Chixi River as its tributary; Qidu river is 58 km long, with 334 square km of drainage area. The main lake, East Lake, covers an area of 3 square kilometers, and the artificial lake, Jinhan reservoir, covers an area of 72 hectares.

Huo Tongxi

It is one of the "five rivers and three streams" famous throughout the province. It originates from the north section of Jiufeng Mountain range and the south section of Donggong mountain range. The whole process is narrow and steep above Baibu village, and wide and small below Baibu village.

Qidu River

The second largest river in Ningde City. It originates from the east foot of the first banner in the territory, flows southeast to the mountain park and joins the xibanwei stream. The river bed in the basin is steep, the flow is fast, and the water resources are rich.

Dajinxi

It originates from the dingqi peak (Zhanqi peak) at the junction of Ningde, Luoyuan and Gutian. There are many valleys and rapids in the upper reaches of the peak, which are rich in hydraulic resources. The flow is slow when it comes out of the zhulinyuankou.

Because of the terrain, the precipitation in the central and western regions is the center of rainstorm, and the average annual precipitation depth is more than 2100mm.

climate

The annual average temperature is 19.0 ℃; the average temperature in January is 9.6 ℃, the average temperature in July is 28.7 ℃; the extreme maximum temperature is 38.5 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature is - 2.4 ℃; the accumulated temperature ≥ 10 ℃ is 6111 ℃. The annual precipitation is 2013.8 mm and the frost free period is 317 days.

Spring: from the middle of February, except for the high altitude areas, the frost stops and the temperature rises in waves. The prevailing wind direction is from north to south, and the rainy days increase. Before and after the vernal equinox, when cold air passes through, there is a strong northeast wind for a short time, and the temperature is lower than 12 ℃, it is mostly rainy weather. 4. May is the rainy season. The temperature rises to more than 20 ℃ and the rainy days increase to more than 20 days. However, there are still occasional cold air attacks to the south. At this time, "may cold" (lasting for 3 days, temperature ≤ 20 ℃) often occurs.

Summer: the Meiyu ends, the monthly average temperature rises above 25 ℃, and sometimes it reaches above 35 ℃ in July, so the weather is hot. It is a relatively dry and hot period in a year with southeast or southwest wind, frequent typhoon, local thunderstorm or typhoon, high temperature, more sunshine and large evaporation.

Autumn: at this time, the summer monsoon turns to winter monsoon, the temperature is gradually lower, the rainfall is significantly reduced, and the weather is sunny. In some years, the influence of subtropical high is strong, and a small amount of cold air is not easy to go south, forming "autumn tiger" days