Pangu opens the world(pán gǔ kāi tiān dì)

Pangu separates heaven and earth

The synonym "Pangu Kaitian" generally refers to "Pangu Kaitian" (Chinese Folklore). Long ago, heaven and earth were not separated, and the universe was in chaos. There is a giant named Pangu who has been sleeping in this chaos for 18000 years.

One day, Pangu suddenly woke up. When he saw the darkness around him, he swung his axe and slashed toward the darkness. Just listen to a loud noise, chaotic things gradually separated. Light and clear things slowly rise and become the sky; heavy and turbid things slowly fall and become the earth.

After the separation of heaven and earth, Pangu was afraid that they would still be together, so he put his head on the sky and pushed his feet hard on the ground. The sky rises by one foot every day, and Pangu grows higher as it grows. In this way, I don't know how many years later, the heaven and earth gradually took shape, and Pangu was too tired to fall down.

Great changes have taken place in Pangu's body since his fall. His breath became the wind of the seasons and the moving clouds; his voice became the rumble of thunder. His eyes become the sun and the moon; his limbs become the East, West, South and north poles of the earth; his skin becomes the vast earth; his blood becomes the running river; his sweat becomes the rain that moistens all things

record

Pangu, also known as Pangu, chaos. It is the ancestor of Chinese legend who created the human world. The earliest record of Pangu's creation of heaven can be found in the third five year calendar written by Xu Zheng of the state of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period: "heaven and earth are as chaotic as a chicken, and Pangu was born in it. Eight thousand years old, the world opened up, Yang Qing for the day, Yin turbidity for the earth. Among them, Pangu changed nine times a day. God was in heaven and holy in earth. The sky is one Zhang high, the earth is one Zhang thick, and Pangu is one Zhang long. The number of days is extremely high, the number of land is extremely deep, and Pangu is extremely long. Then there were three emperors. The number begins at one, stands at three, becomes at five, flourishes at seven, and is at nine. Therefore, heaven goes to earth for 90000 Li. " Later, in Shuyi Ji, written by Ren Fang of Xiao Liang in the Southern Dynasty, Pangu's body was transformed into all things in the world. There are similar records in xuanzhongji, a collection of the five Yun calendar years and the ancient novel gouchen. In Guangbo Wuyun calendar, Dong Sizhang of Ming Dynasty quoted: "the king of Pangu, the head of dragon and the body of snake, hiss for wind and rain, blows for thunder and lightning, opens eyes for day, closes eyes for night. After death, the bones are mountains and forests, the body is rivers and seas, the blood is huaidu, and the hair is vegetation. It is recorded in the volume of Shuyi Ji: "today there is an ancient tomb of pan in the South China Sea, which stretches over 300 Li. It is said that later generations are chasing and burying the soul of Pan Gu. There is Pangu state in the South China Sea, and people today take Pangu as their surname. "

course

About 4.6 billion years ago, the earth was born. About 600 million years ago, the earth entered the Paleozoic era. There are six important periods in Paleozoic, namely Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous and Permian. During the Cambrian period, invertebrates and seaweeds began to multiply in large numbers on the earth between 600 and 500 million years ago. During the Ordovician period, the earliest vertebrates began to appear on the land between 500-440 million years ago. During the Silurian, plants began to appear on the land between 440 million and 400 million years ago. During the Devonian period, between 400-350 million years ago, fish flourished in the ocean, and the earliest amphibians appeared. During the Carboniferous, amphibians flourished on the earth and primitive reptiles appeared on the land between 350 million and 270 million years ago. During the Permian, reptiles similar to mammals appeared on the earth between 270 million and 225 million years ago. At 225 million years ago, the earth entered the Mesozoic era. There are Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous in Mesozoic. Triassic the earliest dinosaurs appeared on land between 225 million and 180 million years ago. During the Jurassic period, dinosaurs flourished on land between 180 million and 135 million years ago, and the earliest mammals and birds appeared. The Cretaceous period, between 135 million and 120 million years ago, still belongs to the dinosaur period. Dinosaurs, marsupials and placental mammals coexisted, and the earliest flowering plants appeared. Since then, the earth has entered the Cenozoic era. What the Cenozoic must know is the tertiary and Quaternary. The tertiary of Cenozoic can be divided into five periods, namely Paleocene, Eocene, Oligocene, Miocene and Pliocene. The Eocene was about 60-40 million years ago, when the earliest primates appeared on the earth. The Miocene epoch was about 25-12 million years ago. About 12 million years ago, man appeared. The emphasis of Cenozoic Quaternary is Pleistocene and Holocene. In the early Pleistocene, about 3-1.5 million years ago, fully formed people appeared, and Yuanmou people of China were born. In the Middle Pleistocene, between 1.5 million and 1 million years ago, Lantian and Beijingers appeared in China. In the late Pleistocene, about 500000-100000 years ago, MABA and Dali people appeared in China. our ancient history starts from the early Pleistocene, because Pangu, the founder of the Chinese nation, was born in this period. there are hundreds of countries and regions in the world, large and small. No matter in the east or in the west, almost every country and region has its own most beautiful Genesis legend. Westerners say that the world was created by God. God first created man Adam, then created Eve with one of Adam's ribs, and then there was human. We Chinese believe that the world was created by Nu Wa after Pangu. About 3.267 million years ago, the earth in the solar system. At this time, the earth had not yet formed, and there was chaos everywhere. It was impossible to distinguish the top, bottom, left, right, East, West, North and south. The whole world was like a round body with a core in the middle. Pangu, the ancestor of human beings, was conceived in the core of Hunyuan. Pangu was born after 18000 years of gestation. When he had a sense of that moment, he could not wait to open his eyes. But it was so dark that he could see nothing. Eagerly, he pulled out one of his teeth, turned it into a powerful axe, and swung it up to chop around. the turbid body is broken and rises and falls into two parts: one is light and clear, the other is heavy and turbid. The light and clear rise and become the sky; the heavy and turbid fall and become the earth. In this way, Pangu was born between heaven and earth. Pangu grows up between heaven and earth. His head is God in heaven and his feet are holy on earth. The sky rises by one foot a day, the earth thickens by one foot a day, and Pangu grows by two feet a day. After 18000 years, the sky became extremely high, the earth became extremely thick, and Pangu's body became extremely long. In this way, Pangu coexisted with heaven and earth for 1.8 million years. Pangu wanted to create a world full of vitality with his body, so he fell down with a smile and dedicated his body to the earth. At the moment when he fell down, his left eye flew into the sky and became the sun, bringing light and hope to the earth; his right eye flew into the sky and became the moon, and the liquid in his eyes scattered into the sky and became the stars at night. His Yang roots turned into Fuxi, his double emulsification into Nuwa, his sweat turned into lakes on the ground, his blood into rivers, his hair into grasslands and forests. His breath turned into wind and clouds; his voice into thunder. When Pangu fell, his head turned into Mount Tai (in Shandong), his feet into Mount Hua (in Shaanxi), his left arm into Mount Heng (in Hunan), his right arm into Mount Heng (in Shanxi), and his abdomen into Mount Song (in Henan). Since then, there has been sunshine, rain and dew in the world, rivers, lakes and seas in the earth, all things breed, and human beings begin to multiply. after Pangu's death, people built a tomb of Pangu for him in Nanhai to commemorate the creator of the world, with a radius of more than 300 Li. It is said that the soul of Pangu family lived in the tomb. Now there is a Pangu temple in Guilin, Guangxi. Every year, many people go to the temple to pray. The story of Pangu's creation is obviously the deification of the ancients to the ancestors of mankind. It reflects the great spirit of the Chinese nation's yearning for the bright future and selfless dedication to the benefit of human society. Who created the human society is the working people themselves. The workers are constantly evolving in their labor. With the wisdom of the group, they not only create rich history and culture, but also leave many beautiful legends for future generations. What about the Pangu period? Let's take a look at the textual research of modern science. According to modern scientific research, three million years ago in ancient history, the geological age belonged to Pliocene of Cenozoic tertiary. The age of archaeology is the age of using natural wood and stone. The origin of human race belongs to Australopithecus. The form of social organization is primitive group. The marriage mode is random hybridization. Thus it can be seen that the ancestor of mankind (ape man) in Pangu period has existed, and the creation of heaven and earth is only a bold guess of the ancients on the origin of heaven and earth. However, it is really surprising that the time inferred by the ancients is generally consistent with scientific research. In 1965, Chinese geologists discovered two shovel shaped incisors of early Homo erectus 1.7 million years ago in danawu, Yuanmou Basin, Yunnan Province. in 1968, in kupifra, east of Lake tkana in Kenya, the archaeologists discovered 2.61 million years ago stone tools made of gravel. In 1972, human skull fossils of 2.7 million years ago were found 35.5 meters below the stratum,

Chinese PinYin : pán gǔ kāi tiān dì