Wenlan Pavilion

Wenlan Pavilion

Wenlan Pavilion is located in the south foot of Gushan Mountain, West Lake, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. It was first built in 1782 in the 47th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. It is one of the seven library pavilions built in the Qing Dynasty for the collection of Sikuquanshu. It is also the only surviving one among the three pavilions in the south of the Yangtze River.

Wenlan pavilion was rebuilt from Yulan hall behind Shengyin temple in Hangzhou. It was built in 1783. The cost of the reconstruction was donated by Zhejiang businessmen.

Historical origin

According to the records of the people at that time, "the pavilion is at the south foot of the isolated mountain, with white Dyke on the left and Xiling bridge on the right. Outside is the vertical flower gate, inside is the hall, behind the hall is a big pool, in which a towering peak is called "immortal peak". In the East is the imperial stele Pavilion, in the west is the veranda, and in the middle is the Wenlan Pavilion.

In 1861, the Wenlan pavilion was burned and some of the books were lost. In the sixth year of Guangxu (1880), it began to rebuild, and collected and copied the lost and incomplete books. After the revolution of 1911, it was only after several times of copying that wenlange's Sikuquanshu was restored to its original view.

Layout features

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, shuge has been renovated many times and has a new look. Wenlan Pavilion is a typical courtyard building in the south of the Yangtze River. The main feature of the garden layout is to conform to the terrain, appropriately decorate pavilions, corridors, pools, stacked stones and other buildings, and connect them with each other by means of small bridges. Pavilions and corridors, pool bridges, rockeries and rocks in the park are connected with each other.

The main building imitates Ningbo Tianyi Pavilion, which is a double eaves Xieshan style building, with two floors in total, and a mezzanine in the middle, which is actually a three-story building. When you enter the hall, you will see a rockery piled up into a group of lions and elephants. There is a cave at the foot of the mountain. Through the cave, you will see a flat hall. In the square pool behind the hall, there is a unique stone, named "Xianren peak", which is the best of the rockery stones in the West Lake. There is a stele Pavilion in the southeast. On the front of the stele is a poem written by Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, and on the back is an imperial edict issued by Sikuquanshu. There is also a stele Pavilion on the east side, on which Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty inscribed "Wenlan Pavilion".

There is a rockery in front of the hall, with pavilions on it and holes in the middle. In the center behind the square pool is Wenlan Pavilion, with a curved corridor in the West and a moon gate in the East, which connects Taiyi, fenqing room and Luohan hall. The layout of all buildings and gardens is compact and elegant, which is quite characteristic.

cultural meaning

Wenlan Pavilion is located on the west side of the museum area. It was originally the Royal Library of Sikuquanshu in Qing Dynasty. Wenlan pavilion was built in 1782. In that year, Sikuquanshu was completed. At that time, four copies were first copied, which were divided into four Pavilions: Wenyuan Pavilion in the Forbidden City, Wenyuan Pavilion in Yuanmingyuan, Wensu Pavilion in Fengtian and Wenjin Pavilion in Rehe. After Qianlong emperor because of "Jiangsu and Zhejiang humanities deep number, allow to widely spread, with light text Zhao", and ordered to copy three, divided into Yangzhou Wenhui Pavilion, Zhenjiang Wenzong Pavilion and Hangzhou Wenlan Pavilion, is "Jiangnan three Pavilion".

At present, Wenlan Pavilion and Sikuquanshu are the only three pavilions in the south of the Yangtze River, which have become "treasures of the Southeast".

Wenlan Pavilion imitates the form of Tianyi Pavilion in Ningbo. It is a six Bay building with two floors and three floors. The top floor is one room, which means "heaven and water", and the bottom floor is six rooms, which means "60% of the earth". Roof eaves, back hill Xuan Li. In front of the pavilion, there is a pool, in which there is a stone standing, named Xianren peak. In front of it, there is a royal throne room and a rockery of lions and tigers, on which there are platforms and interesting pavilions. The rockery has holes and valleys, which can be crossed and boarded. There is a stele Pavilion on the southeast side of the pavilion, on which Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty inscribed poems and issued the imperial edict of Sikuquanshu. The existing building was rebuilt in 1880.

Renovation works

Wenlan pavilion has been repaired many times in 1974, 1984 and 1993. Two of them were overhauls in 1974 and 1993, but the effect of each repair was not good. According to reports, this overhaul is the largest since the founding of the people's Republic of China.

According to the survey of the maintenance office staff of Wenlan Pavilion, it is found that some walls of Wenlan pavilion have subsided; the sewers need to be dredged; the roots of some wooden columns have been eaten by termites; the square on the east side of the second floor stairwell has been eaten by termites; the moldy rafters on the lower eaves have reached 90% In addition, the rockery in front of the main building of Wenlan Pavilion is also loose. Zhou Guiquan, former deputy director of the Provincial Museum, believes that the maintenance effect is not obvious, which is mainly related to the humid climate in the south. The water vapor from the West Lake in the front and the moisture from the isolated mountain in the back, together with the long-term rainy weather in the south, led to the rapid decay of wooden buildings and accelerated the fall off of paint and paint.

Yu Daogen, the technical director of the Wenlan Pavilion renovation at the Provincial Museum, said that due to its special history and status, the renovation focused on the protection of cultural relics, followed the principle of "not changing the original cultural relics, maintaining the historical information of the original cultural relics", and tried to restore the original appearance of the Wenlan Pavilion.

The renovation of Wenlan Pavilion mainly includes adjusting the wood structure inside the house, renovating the roof tiles, renovating the garden Pieces in the courtyard, replacing and laying the sewer pipes, and repainting. The renovation project was completed in June 2013 and has been reopened.

Traffic information

Bus: take bus Y10 to Zhejiang Museum Station.

Address: No.26 Gushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province

Longitude: 120.142802

Latitude: 30.25044

Tel: 0571-87971177