Shennong Valley National Forest Park

Shennong Valley National Forest Park

Shennonggu National Forest Park is located in Shidu Town, northeast of Yanling County, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province. It is 180 km away from Zhuzhou City in the northwest and 150 km away from Hengyang City in the West. It is in the middle of Luoxiao mountain range, with Jinggang Mountain in the East, Bamian Mountain in Guidong in the South and Wugong Mountain in the north.

Shennong Valley is the dividing line and birthplace of Hunan and Jiangxi water systems. Taoyuandong National Forest Park, renamed Shennonggu National Forest Park in 2005, is a national AAAA tourist attraction.

Shennonggu Forest Park is located in the subtropical monsoon humid climate, with an annual average temperature of 14.4 ℃. The annual average air relative humidity is 86%. The typical mountain climate features are less sunshine, low temperature, more cloud and precipitation, high air humidity, small wind speed and large vertical climate change.

The main scenic spots in the scenic area are: luoshuiyuan waterfall, Zhulian waterfall, shubaoshi, Heilongtan, taohuaqiao, Shibantan, Longtan Tianhe, wanyang River Canyon scenery, Shennong waterfall, etc.

In February 2020, in order to pay tribute to the medical workers struggling in the front line of anti epidemic, the scenic spot will be open to medical workers all over the country free of charge from the restoration to the end of the year.

Location context

Hunan Shennong Valley (formerly known as Taoyuan cave, renamed Shennong Valley in August 2005)

Located in the southeast of Hunan Province, the National Forest Park is 32.25 kilometers long from north to South and 13.50 kilometers wide from east to west. It is adjacent to Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve in Jiangxi Province in the East, Xiacun Township in Yanling County in Hunan Province in the south, Shidu town and ceyuan Township in Yanling County in the west, and Wugong Mountain in Ninggang County in Jiangxi Province in the north, with a total area of 10000 hectares.

geographical environment

topographic features

The area is located in the middle of Luoxiao mountains, the northwest slope of the north section of wanyang mountains, and the north foot of Nanling Mountains. It is the edge zone of the transition from Nanling Mountains to hills in central Hunan, and belongs to the middle mountain landform. With wanyang mountain of Nanling Mountain range as the main body, there are 103 peaks with an altitude of more than 1000 meters. The mountains are in a north-south trend, and the terrain is relatively low, but the mountains overlap, the terrain is steep, and the valleys are crisscross. The highest altitude in the area is 2115.4 meters, which is the highest peak in Hunan Province. The lowest altitude is 420 meters, and the relative elevation difference is 1700 meters.

Climatic characteristics

This area belongs to the humid monsoon climate of middle subtropical zone. The annual average temperature is 14.4 ℃ below 1000 meters above sea level, the average temperature in the coldest month in January is 3.9 ℃, the average temperature in the hottest month in July is 23.8 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 34.5 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature is - 9 ℃, the annual rainfall is 1967.9 mm, the relative humidity is 86%, the frost free period is 220 days, and the annual fog day is 170.7 days. The annual average temperature is 12.3 ℃ above 1000 meters above sea level, the average temperature in the coldest month in January is 2.9 ℃, the average temperature in the hottest month in July is 20.7 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 38.5 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature is - 9.3 ℃, the annual rainfall is 2292 mm, the relative humidity is more than 88%, the frost free period is 195 days, and the annual fog day is more than 200 days. The nature reserve is characterized by less sunshine, low temperature, more cloud and precipitation, high air humidity, small wind speed, and large vertical climate change.

Resource overview

Resource characteristics

Shennonggu National Forest Park has 1.6147 million cubic meters of standing trees, with a forest coverage rate of 98.75%. The park is divided into 6 scenic spots and more than 40 major scenic spots, with mountains, water, stones and forests, elegant, interesting, strange and dangerous, and various natural landscapes. The content of negative oxygen ions in the air is high (up to 136426 / cm3).

The content of negative ions in the air on both sides of Wanyang river stream in the area is more than 13000 / cm3, 125-1200 times higher than that in downtown area. The determination by South China Forestry University and Guangzhou environmental monitoring center using American beekett analyzer shows that the content of negative ions at nanmuba Zhulian waterfall is as high as 64626 / cm3, which is the highest in the world.

Resource classification

Plant forest resources

Plant species: vascular plants are 215 families, 896 genera, 2019 species, including 176 families, 808 genera and 1804 species. According to the list of rare and endangered plants in China There are 74 species of national key protected wild plants in this area, of which 6 species belong to grade 1, namely Abies faxoniana, Ginkgo biloba, Cathaya argyrophylla, Taxus mairei, Bole tree and Brasenia schreberi; 68 species belong to grade 11, namely Fokienia hodginsii, Cinnamomum camphora, Phoebe bournei, palm tree, Magnolia officinalis, Magnolia officinalis and maunsettia Chinese toon, red toon, Camptotheca acuminata, xiangguoshu, wampee, beech, hemlock, etc.; all 45 species of Orchidaceae, wild soybean, golden buckwheat. Among them, Abies abies and hazelnut are widely distributed in this area.

Rare tree species community

The main rare tree species communities are: Cathaya argyrophylla community: there are more than 200 ancient relict plants, Cathaya argyrophylla, which have survived the fourth century glacial disaster. The discovery of Cathaya argyrophylla is of great scientific value to the study of paleoecology, paleobiology, paleoclimate and paleogeography. It is rare, fragile and infectious. Abies fargesii community: located in the middle mountain area of 1350-1580 meters above sea level, Abies fargesii community is a newly discovered tree species. It, together with Pinus massoniana, Phyllostachys pubescens, Schima superba, Cephalotaxus fortunei, Rhododendron erinaceus, Liquidambar formosana, Magnolia etc. constitute the only forest plant community in China. The distribution of this species and its community is very narrow, and it is endemic, rare and vulnerable. Tsuga negundo community: more than 200 towering ancient trees grow on the hillside of niushiping River above 1500 meters above sea level. This is the Tsuga negundo community. The largest one is up to 30 meters high and 75 cm in diameter at breast height. It forms a stable ecosystem with other associated trees and has the characteristics of rarity and naturalness. Fokienia hodginsii community: there is a well-developed Fokienia hodginsii community on Jiaoshi hillside, the core area of 1300 meters above sea level. The largest plant is 25 meters high and 80 cm in diameter at breast height. Corylus heterophylla community: in the core area of jiaoziwo at an altitude of 1200 meters, there are more than 100 mu of pure Corylus heterophylla forest, which is a rare and precious forest in China. The community with complete forest form is a typical one in the central China flora, and it is the easternmost edge of the population distribution in the floristic geographical distribution. Taxus chinensis var. mairei community: the female plants of Taxus chinensis var. mairei are difficult to survive and reproduce, but they are widely distributed in Shennong Valley and form a complete community.

Animal resources

There are abundant vertebrate species in the area. There are 212 species of terrestrial vertebrates, belonging to 25 orders and 70 families, accounting for 34.1% of 621 species of terrestrial vertebrates in Hunan Province, including 24 species of amphibians, 40 species of reptiles, 106 species of birds and 42 species of mammals. The fauna in this area has typical transitional characteristics.

There are 29 species of national key protected wildlife, including 4 species of grade 1 and 25 species of Grade 11. Level 1 includes clouded leopard, leopard, South China tiger, golden cat, leopard, deer, musk deer, etc. There are also 19 species of wild animals listed in the Convention on international trade in the protection of endangered species of Wild Fauna and flora, including 8 species at level 1; otter, golden cat, clouded leopard, leopard, South China tiger, Sumen antelope, yellow bellied Tragopan, giant salamander; 11 species at level 11; pangolin, leopard, leopard cat, Phoenix falcon, etc.

Main scenic spots

The park is divided into six scenic areas: Jiashui scenic area, Taohuaxi scenic area, Hengni mountain scenic area, Tianxin scenic area, Jiuqu water scenic area and pingkeng scenic area. There are 6 first-class scenic spots, 12 second-class scenic spots and 28 third-class scenic spots.

Jiashui scenic spot

It is called Jiashui scenic spot, which is from Jiashui hydropower station up the river to shennongwan hotel. The main scenic spots are wanyang Qiuhong, Jiashui Valley, boar crossing the river, stone crab playing in the water, Shizhong beach, fairy fishing, dragon mother giving birth to twins, etc.

Tianxinxin scenic spot

From Jinghua River and Menghua River to Tianxin River, Wanyang river is formed. Wanyang river is close to the mountain and the cliff, winding through the cliffs and deep streams, and flows out to the West. There are yixiantian, Heilongtan, Tibetan medicine cave, yixianbao, zhuyingquansheng, Shibantan, shiziyan, Bailongtan, tianxinxin, Dongkeng waterfall and other scenic spots.

Dongkeng scenic spot

You Tian Xin's behavior along Jinghua river is Dongkeng scenic spot. The main scenic spots in the area are: Tianxin folk village, barbecue, anonymous Pavilion, Dongkeng waterfall, azalea garden, compound fir, southern hemlock, etc.

Taohuaxi scenic spot

From Zhulian waterfall to Taohua River and Jiaoshi, it is Taohua River scenic spot. Taoyuandong village, located in the center, is the most typical residential style of mountain village. Jiaoshi is located in the upper reaches of the tributary on the left side of Taohua river. Along the Pearl curtain waterfall, there are Pearl Lake, tiannu Sanhua, sister waterfall, monkey forest, folk village, ancient fairy, cuckoo primrose, bamboo garden, Yuntai fairy, mouse along the beam and other attractions.

Pingkeng scenic spot

From Taoyuandong village along the right tributary of Taiping River to pingkeng scenic spot. The main scenic spots are niujiaolong residence, Fengye Zhiqiu, pingkeng waterfall, sanmianhuiyin, qiguxian, etc. The scenic spot borders Jinggangshan City and is the east gate of Taoyuandong forest park.

Development and construction

Construction process

In 1984, the construction of Shennonggu National Forest Park began.