Leigong Mountain

Leigongshan National Forest Park

synonym

Leigong Mountain generally refers to Leigong Mountain National Forest Park

Leigongshan National Forest Park is located in Leishan County, Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province. It spans Baiyan village, xiangshuiyan village, Leigongshan peak, Gaoyan village, Shuixi village and Lianhua village, with a total area of 4354.73 hectares and a forest coverage rate of 88%. It is a subtropical mountain with comprehensive management benefits and natural resources (including water conservation and Tourism) based on the protection of rare organisms such as Taiwania flousiana Forest ecological park.

Leigongshan National Forest Park is a green pearl embedded in Guizhou Plateau. It is a rare treasure land integrating scientific research and eco-tourism. It is a virgin land with great potential for eco-tourism development in eastern Guizhou. It is an ideal base for the study of subtropical forest ecosystem and natural communities of Taiwania flousiana. It is favored by experts, scholars and tourists at home and abroad.

geographical environment

Location context

Leigong Mountain, the main peak of the Miaoling mountains, is located between Leishan County, Taijiang County, Jianhe county and Rongjiang County in Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture of Guizhou Province. It is composed of more than ten peaks over 1800 meters. The main peak is 32 kilometers east of Leishan county. Leigongshan National Forest Park is located in Baiyan village, xiangshuiyan, Leigongshan peak, Gaoyan village, Shuixi village, Lianhua and other places in Leishan County, with an altitude of 1000-3000 meters, covering a total area of 4354.73 hectares, including 35098 hectares of woodland, 4167 hectares of shrubbery, 2.42 million cubic meters of standing trees, and 83% of forest coverage.

topographic features

Leigongshan National Forest Park belongs to the Xuefeng platform arch of the main part of Jiangnan uplift in the east of Yangtze paraplatform in geotectonics. The stratum is composed of the low metamorphic marine clastic rocks of Xiajiang group. The lithology is mainly composed of gray slate, silty slate, intercalated meta sandstone and meta tuff; there are phyllitic calcareous slate and massive marble in the lower part; there are a large number of tuff with well-developed flysch rhythm in the middle and upper part. Because of its strong plasticity, small compressive strength and elastic modulus, this kind of rock is easy to be weathered and difficult to produce cracks, forming gentle slopes and hills on the landform. In terms of water physical properties, it is not only a good aquifuge, but also a very shallow differentiated fracture zone near the surface, which is easy to close and has very weak water yield. However, after regional metamorphism, the weathering fracture zone is well developed, and the shallow groundwater is very rich, which is conducive to the growth and development of green plants.

Leigongshan compound anticline is the main part of the regional structure, with an axial direction of NNE. It is composed of several secondary anticlines and synclines. From east to west, there are Diqi anticline, leigongping syncline and Xinzhai anticline. Leigong Mountain is a high-rise mountain with clear terrain. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The main ridge extends from northeast to southwest in the shape of "s". The elevation of the main peak is 2178.8 meters, the peak of the main ridge belt is generally more than 1800 meters, and the elevation of the mountains on both sides is generally less than 1500 meters. Xiaodanjiang Valley, located in the east of Leigong, is 650 meters above sea level, which is the lowest in this area. The river in this area is strongly cut, and the terrain height difference is generally more than 1000 meters.

Climatic characteristics

Leigongshan National Forest Park is a typical subtropical natural ecosystem, with obvious vertical climate difference, four distinct seasons, mild climate, no severe cold in winter, no severe heat in summer, abundant rainfall, and annual average temperature of 14-15 degrees Celsius. The annual average temperature of Leigongshan mountain top is only 9 degrees Celsius.

Resources

plant resources

Leigongshan National Forest Park has a forest area of 26199 hectares, rich in biological resources, ancient floristic composition, and many rare tree species. 1390 species of plants have been identified, belonging to 679 genera of 273 families, belonging to 16 genera endemic to China. Among them, 18 species of rare plants, including Taxus chinensis, Taxus chinensis var. mairei, calyx wood, Malus yunnanensis, etc., are listed in the national key protection . Especially living fossil plants ——Taiwania flousiana and Taiwania flousiana forest, with ancient origin, are the relict species of tertiary Paleotropical flora, covering an area of about 15 hectares, and the largest one covers an area of about 2 hectares. They are mainly distributed in the valleys on the south slope of the eastern slope of Leigong Mountain. They are the largest, most complete, and most original of the only three natural Taiwania flousiana communities in China. According to preliminary statistics, there are 5 existing Taiwania flousiana communities with DBH of more than 10 cm Leigongshan National Forest Park is the only natural Taiwania flousiana forest research base in the middle subtropical zone.

In addition, Tianma, dangshen, leiwujia, Sanqi, eucommia, Baiji, Shelian, xueteng and other precious Chinese medicinal materials are also abundant in the garden.

Animal resources

Leigongshan National Forest Park is a very precious gene bank of species in the middle subtropical zone of China. According to the comprehensive investigation of relevant experts, 518 species of animals have been identified in Leigong Mountain, belonging to 132 families and 39 orders. Among them, 23 species belong to the second class of national protected animals, including giant salamander, mandarin duck, black bear, pangolin, macaque, Tibetan chieftain monkey, big civet, little civet, etc.

Water resources

Leigongshan National Forest Park is located in the watershed between Qingshui River system and Zhujiang River system. It is the birthplace of Qingshui River and Duliu river. Leigongshan Nature Reserve not only plays a supporting role in water conservation, soil and water conservation, environmental improvement and ecological balance maintenance in Southeast Guizhou, but also plays an important role in the supply and regulation of runoff in Qingshui River and Duliu river basins. It is also an important maintainer of water resources in Yangtze River system and Pearl river system.

Main attractions

Three unique scenic spots

Taiwania flousiana

Taiwania flousiana has the reputation of "king of ten thousand trees" and "natural living fossil". Tall and straight, it is a rare species that survived the Quaternary glaciers. Among the eight first-class protected plants in China, Taiwania flousiana is on the list.

"Buddha light" wins scenic spots

Leigong Mountain is foggy all the year round. There are 300 foggy days in a year. The climate is pleasant. Even in the hottest July, the average monthly temperature is only 15.8 degrees. This is the result of the climate difference in the vertical direction caused by the warm monsoon climate zone in the north subtropical zone and the tall mountain of Leigong Mountain. A mountain is divided into four seasons and ten days. Due to the refraction of sunlight and the effect of many clouds, Leigong Mountain often has many beautiful scenery in summer and autumn, that is, mirage.

Leigongshan's "book of heaven"

According to Leishan county annals, there is a green stone tablet on the north side of leigongping Dianjiang altar, which is 2 meters high, 1.5 meters wide and 0.2 meters thick. The inscriptions on the surface of the tablet are invisible for thousands of years. There are Zhuge Kongming and Xiumei inscriptions in the local area. Now the remnant tablets are collected in the county cultural relics Institute, with 28 characters, which become the mysterious "heavenly script" of Leigongshan.

Seven special scenic spots

Dressing tree

There are magnolia, Rhododendron and other trees growing above 1600 meters above the sea level in Leigong Mountain. Because of the low temperature, clouds and humid air all the year round, the branches of the ancient trees are covered with some black hairs, which is like a tree putting on a cold clothes for itself. What's more attractive is that Magnolia and Rhododendron bloom in late spring and early summer every year, with huge flowers and gorgeous colors.

Miaohuangcheng

According to the legend of the Miao people in Leigong Mountain, Leigong Ping, 1850 meters above sea level to the north of Leigong Mountain, once had a royal city with more than 1000 residents, called "zhanxiyu" Kingdom. Surrounded by these peaks and 400 mu of high mountain land, debris, pottery, ironware and house foundations can often be dug out. Hundreds of ancient tombs and tombs are found in the primeval forest or beside barren mountains and valleys. Zhang Baojiu, the leader of the Yongqian rebellion in the Qing Dynasty, and Zhang Xiumei and Yang Daliu, the leaders of the Xiantong rebellion in the Qing Dynasty, also used this as a base to fight against the Qing Dynasty.

Eight trigrams forest

In the heishuitang area of Leigong Mountain, because of the undulating mountains, high forests and deep valleys, people entering this area are like walking into the eight trigrams array. They can't distinguish the East, West, North and south, they don't know the circuit, and there are few people, even the local mountain Hunter.

Waterfalls

The shape of Leigong Mountain is obviously cut, the mountain is high and deep, and there are many waterfalls. The famous waterfalls are xiangshuiyan triple waterfall, wumangqianzhang waterfall, Diqing double waterfall and Gaoyan gunniu waterfall.

Houxiao Valley

There are many monkeys in Leigong Mountain. About 32 kilometers away from leimao highway, there is rock monkey rock. There are often groups of monkeys living in caves. The mountain is more secluded. If you meet hundreds of monkeys galloping from the forest, the sound of the mountain forest is like the sound of floods and waves, and the valley is full of earthquakes, which is very spectacular.

Thousand angle field

There is a deep valley about ten miles below the north side of the main peak of Huangyang in Leigong Mountain. There are streams in the valley and a hundred mu of Dawan Valley hidden deep in the dense forest. It is said that it was the last Grand Marshal's mansion in the 18th year of the anti Qing war by Zhang Xiumei and Yang Daliu. There were tens of thousands of soldiers in the valley, and there were granaries and armories. Before the battle against the Qing army, the rebel soldiers and their families danced bronze drums here. The drums had 12 sides and 500 pairs of silver horns, so they were known as "qianjiaochang". After three days and three nights, they buried the bronze drums in the cave and handed over the seals and other treasures to the cave. They blasted the cave products, cut down tree ladders and finally broke through. Today, a hundred years later, some villagers have dug one side of the bronze drum and discovered a cave in the Tibetan Valley, which has been charred with ash.

Water lily pool

Leigong Mountain 1600 meters above sea level at the mineral water plant (formerly Wudong forest farm), there are nine peaks, such as lotus petals, there is a hill like pistil, stream circulation, such as lotus sleeping pool