Qiandao Lake Scenic Spot

Qiandao Lake Scenic Spot

synonym

Thousand Island Lake scenic area generally refers to Thousand Island Lake scenic area

Qiandao Lake scenic spot, also known as Xin'anjiang reservoir, is located in Chun'an County, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province. It is 129 km away from Hangzhou in the East and 140 km away from Huangshan in the west, covering an area of 982 square kilometers. It is located in the hinterland of the Yangtze River Delta. Qiandao Lake is 129 km away from Hangzhou City, 140 km away from Huangshan City, adjacent to Lin'an City in the north, Changshan County in the south, Kaihua County and Quzhou City in the southwest, Tonglu and Jiande counties and cities in the southeast, and Anhui Province in the northwest.

There are 1078 islands in Qiandao Lake, which are different in shape. The islands are scattered and densely distributed.

In 1982, Qiandao Lake developed tourism. In November 1986, Qiandao Lake scenic spot was approved as a national forest park by the Ministry of forestry. In 2010, Qiandao Lake scenic spot was rated as national AAAAA scenic spot.

In 2002, Qiandao Lake scenic spot was rated as China's model scenic spot for protecting the rights and interests of tourism consumers and Zhejiang Youth Civilization.

In 2001, Qiandao Lake scenic spot was successfully established as a national 4A scenic spot.

The main scenic spots are Meifeng Island, Monkey Island, Longshan Island, Suo Island, Santan Island, etc.

Development history

In 1982, Qiandao Lake developed tourism.

In 1982, Qiandao Lake scenic spot became one of the first national scenic spots.

In November 1986, Qiandao Lake scenic spot was approved as a national forest park by the Ministry of forestry.

In 2011, the "two rivers and one lake" Qiandao Lake scenic area zoning planning was carried out.

geographical environment

Location context

Qiandao Lake scenic spot is located in Chun'an County. Its central geographic coordinates are 118 ° 58 ′ - 119 ° 17 ′ e, 29 ° 31 ′ - 29 ° 41 ′ n, 129 km east from Hangzhou, 140 km west from Huangshan, covering an area of 982 square kilometers. It is located in the hinterland of the Yangtze River Delta.

hydrology

The visibility of Qiandao Lake scenic area is up to 12 meters, and the water quality meets the national class I surface water standard. The normal high water level of the lake area is 108 meters, and the reservoir capacity is 17.84 billion cubic meters, equivalent to the capacity of 3184 West Lakes. The drop of water level in the lake is very large, with the deepest of 100 meters and the average depth of 34 meters.

climate

Qiandao Lake scenic spot is located in the middle of subtropical zone, which belongs to subtropical monsoon climate zone. In winter, it is controlled by northern high pressure, prevailing northwest wind, mainly cold and dry weather, low temperature and little rain; in summer, it is controlled by Pacific negative tropical high pressure, mainly southeast wind, high temperature and humid heat. The climate is mild and humid with four distinct seasons. The frost free period is 8-9 months, the annual average temperature is between 15 ℃ and 17 ℃, the frost free period is 230-270 days, and the annual average precipitation is 1319. 7 mm, mainly in spring, Meiyu and Taiyu, with summer drought in July and August. Its climate features: four distinct seasons, sufficient light, abundant heat, abundant rainfall, moderate temperature.

natural resources

plant resources

Qiandao Lake scenic area has a good ecological environment, with a forest area of 448 square kilometers, the forest coverage rate is 81%, and the forest coverage rate on the island is 93%. It was approved as a national forest park by the Ministry of forestry in November 1986, with 1824 species of vascular plants.

In 2015, there were 20 tree species under state key protection. There are 1824 species of vascular plants, 126 species of ferns, 69 genera, 35 families, and 1698 species of seed plants, 761 genera, 159 families. It belongs to 18 species of national protected plants; the scenic area also has a relatively complete and large area of broad-leaved mixed forest area and the plant distribution community of thousand mu field and moxinji.

Animal resources

There are 94 species of fish resources in 13 families in Qiandao Lake. There are 87 species of freshwater fish in the lake, with an annual catch of more than 4000 tons. There are 61 species of mammals, 90 species of birds, 50 species of reptiles, 1800 species of insects, 16 orders, 320 families and 12 species of amphibians.

Five species of wild animals are under the first-class national key protection, including clouded leopard, leopard, black muntjac, Chinese merganser, and white necked pheasant. The second-class national protection includes macaque, black bear, pangolin, otter, civet, golden cat, muntjac, hyena, Hainan goose, mandarin duck, and black winged Kite There are 41 species, including Black Kite, snake eagle, white tailed Harrier, red bellied eagle, songbird hawk, gray faced owl, common owl, big owl, forest eagle, kestrel, gray backed falcon, swallow falcon, peregrine falcon, spoon chicken, white autumn crane, brown winged crow cuckoo, collar owl, spotted headed owl, eagle owl, long eared owl, fairy eight color thrush, sparrow hawk, goshawk, Silver Pheasant, Grass Owl, short eared owl, turtle, giant salamander, etc.

Main attractions

Thousand islands and deep harbors

Qiandao Lake is the largest man-made lake in China, with 1078 islands. There are different shapes of islands in Qiandao Lake, with sparse and dense distribution.

Major islands

Meifeng Island

Meifeng island is located on the Zhuangyuan peninsula at the west end of the Central Lake area of Qiandao Lake, 12 kilometers away from Qiandao Lake town. It has been identified as the first-class scenic spot of Qiandao Lake because of its scattered islands, crisscross harbors and ecological environment. On a fine day, you can visit more than 300 islands on Meifeng viewing platform.

Monkey Island

Monkey Island, formerly known as Yunmeng archipelago, is composed of more than ten green islands. The Chinese Academy of Sciences used the method of water trapping to make it a real monkey island.

Longshan Island

In ancient times, it was a famous scenic spot in Western Zhejiang. In the autumn of 1959, as the Xin'anjiang reservoir was built to store water, Longshan became Longshan island. Hairui temple is built on the island. The cornice is tilted. From Hairui temple, you can walk up about 500 stone steps to Ninggu bell tower.

Lock Island

Lock island is the world of locks. There are 160000 heart locks hanging all over the island. There are happy locks, smart locks, China's first lock Museum, the China lock exhibition hall, and the world's Guinness top safety lock.

Santan Island

Santan island is located at the junction of Qiandao Lake Central Area and Southeast Lake area, 10 kilometers away from Qiandao Lake Town, covering an area of 80 hectares.

History and culture

Cultural sites

In 2009, a number of ancient cultural sites and ancient tombs have been found in Qiandao Lake, including the Neolithic cultural sites in Wulong Island, the cultural sites from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the spring and Autumn Period in xiaotangwu, the cultural sites from the spring and Autumn period to the Warring States period to the Jin Dynasty in shuidui, the ancient temple buildings in Mishan Island, such as the bone pagoda, Mishan nunnery, Yinshan nunnery, and the ancient tombs of Yegong and zhengyunzhong.

Ancient Architectural Buildings

Yingshan academy, Shixia academy, Shufu academy, etc., Hairui temple, Longmen tower, Langguan tower, xiaojinluan hall, etc., Fengyu ancient bridge in Yaoshan and Qinchuan, jiexiaofang, as well as Ming and Qing residential buildings, ancestral temples, family temples, etc., which are widely distributed in rural areas.

Discovery of human tooth fossils

In the winter of 1974, a group of archaeologists from the Institute of vertebrate and Paleoanthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Zhejiang Museum explored the cultural relics in the upper reaches of the Xin'an River. A fossil tooth of an ancient human was found in a cave called Wugui cave in Lijia Town, Jiande.

This fossil tooth is an upper right canine. The crown height is 11.6 mm, the median diameter is 8.5 mm, and the lip tongue diameter is 9.5 mm. According to scientific identification, this human tooth fossil is a homo sapiens type of Liujiang people in the later stage of the late Pleistocene, about 50000 years ago. According to archaeological practice, named after the site of excavation, this human tooth fossil was named "Jiande man".

Millennium old city

In 1959, due to the construction of Xin'anjiang hydropower station, "Shicheng" and "Hecheng", which began in the Han and Tang Dynasties, were submerged under Qiandao Lake overnight.

According to the records of Chun'an county annals and other historical materials, in October 1955, the Ministry of electric power industry at that time built Xin'anjiang hydropower station and selected Tongguan, the junction of Chun'an and Jiande.

On September 21, 1959, the Xin'an River was closed and the reservoir began to store water. Since then, the two counties with a long history in Western Zhejiang have quietly "sunk" into the bottom of Qiandao Lake.

On January 7, 2011, the ancient city was rated as a provincial cultural relic protection area.

Food in scenic spots

Qiandao Lake is a "big warehouse" for freshwater fish, and 94 kinds of freshwater fish produce various kinds of aquatic products. There are mandarin fish, bream, silver carp, dry loach, grouper, stick fish and so on. All kinds of dried fish in Qiandao Lake are made into various kinds of dried fish, salty or light, some as long as one meter, which are hung on the shelves of local specialty stores. Some of the fresh fish are processed, chopped into sections, sealed, and kept fresh for a year and a half.

< I hickory < / I

Also known as Juglans regia and Juglans regia, it is a rare woody oil and dried fruit endemic to China. Chun'an accounts for 40% of China's production. Carya cathayensis is the "old man" of the plant world, only in Chun'an and Lin'an. The reason why it is so valuable is that it is rich in oil. The oil content of the seed kernel is as high as 70-74%. The iodine value and saponification value of the oil are high, and the acid value is low. Oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid etc