Huangshan eight side hall

Huangshan eight side hall

Huangshan octahedral hall is located in the fifth village of Huangshan, Shangxi Town, Yiwu City, Zhejiang Province. It faces northeast from the southwest and has a vertical axis of ne45 degrees. The building has a rectangular plane and covers an area of 2908 square meters. The octahedral hall is a masterpiece of ancient architecture in China, which integrates exquisite architectural structure and exquisite carving art, fully embodies the wisdom and artistic creativity of the ancient working people.

Historical origin

The eight side hall of Huangshan Mountain, facing Shangxi in the front and resting on the valley of shamaojianshan in the back, was built in 1796, the first year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty. It took 18 years to build. It was built in 1813, by Chen Ziyan, a famous ham merchant in Yiwu, Fujia, and his grandson Chen Zhengdao. There are flower hall, entrance hall, hall and hall on the central axis in turn. There are four Sanheyuan on both sides of the central axis. The layout of the whole building is rigorous, regular, symmetrical and orderly. The beam frame structure is magnificent and adopts the wax gourd beam type system. Architectural carving is divided into stone carving, brick carving and wood carving. The stone carvings, which are full of ground burdens and stone carvings, are themed with flowers, eight immortals and phoenix patterns. On the facade of the hall, the brick carvings with the theme of Taoist characters' stories have smooth lines.

the craft of the wood carver

Huangshan octahedral hall is worth mentioning the wood carving technology. Queti, Niutui, gefan and tiaotou are all carved with figures, animals and flower patterns. The characterization emphasizes the beauty of modeling and the depiction of character. Animals and flowers are realistic. They combine line carving, low relief carving, high relief carving, openwork carving and so on. Compared with Huizhou architecture carving, they pay more attention to carving strength and smooth lines. They are the peak of Dongyang wood carving.

Huangshan octahedral hall, with exquisite carving skills and immortal artistic value, fully embodies the outstanding talent and artistic creativity of the ancient working people.

Architectural features

The overall layout of Huangshan octahedral hall is nearly rectangular "Hui" shape. The existing buildings are divided into three roads and six courtyards, with a total of 64 rooms and a construction area of 2500 square meters. One central axis and two horizontal axes intersect to form the main building and subsidiary building of octahedral hall. Along the central axis, there are Huating ruins, foyer, hall and hall building. There are two Sanheyuan on the north and south sides of the central axis, four halls on the central axis and four chamber halls on the horizontal axis, forming eight halls, so it is commonly known as octahedral hall

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Except Huating, which was destroyed by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom war in 1861, the other seven halls are well preserved. Hall, hall and hall building are ancestral hall buildings, which are the core of the whole building. They are the places for Chen Clan to hold sacrifices, gatherings, meetings and various ceremonies. Therefore, the scale is extremely grand, full of complicated and exquisite stone, brick and wood carvings. The Sanheyuan on the horizontal axis is the place where the family lives, which is a little rustic. In terms of structure, each courtyard has its own system of main hall, wing room, corridor, patio, etc.

Layout structure

Huangshan octahedral hall, hall and hall are symmetrical, but each has its own characteristics; there are corridors inside the hall, which are connected with each other; there are 18 portals, which are connected with each other. There are eight gates, big and small, and you can walk through the eight halls without getting wet. The whole layout is rigorous, regular, symmetrical and orderly, which has the typical style characteristics of the houses in the middle of Zhejiang Province in the middle of Qing Dynasty, and reflects the ethics and habits of Chinese family life.

Huangshan octahedral hall is designed and constructed with unique ingenuity. Its location is surrounded by mountains. The Huangxi river flows from northwest to Southeast in front of the octahedral hall, and the valley of shamaojianshan behind it can be perfectly combined with the surrounding terrain and natural scenery. The white walls and tiles, coupled with the changing horse head walls, are plain and elegant. The design concept of front hall and back garden is commonly used in southern residential buildings, while the octahedral hall puts the garden at the forefront of the whole building, which on the one hand reflects the owner's unique aesthetic concept and life interest, on the other hand emphasizes the integration with the surrounding nature and changes according to the terrain and environment.

Interior decoration

Huangshan octahedral hall is made of exquisite and huge materials, especially its rich artistic decoration. Its exquisite wood, stone and brick carvings are uncanny craftsmanship. On the facade of the hall, there are a large number of brick carvings with Taoist characters' stories as the theme, with smooth lines and vivid shapes; the stone carvings full of ground burdens and stones, with twigs and flowers, Taoist eight immortals and phoenix patterns as the theme, with different shapes, abstract and realistic.

The wood carvings in the hall, such as beams, purlins, fangs, sparrows, corbels, lattice fans, overhanging and several leg covers in the corridor, ceiling, doors and windows, are all full of carvings, with rich themes, including individual characters, story of characters, stories of Buddhists, immortals, sages and sages, as well as animal and plant images, housing construction, scenic spots, and other historical sites There are almost all kinds of patterns in the sky, the world and the earth. It means auspiciousness. If there is a picture, there must be intention. If there is intention, there must be auspiciousness. For example, the patterns of auspiciousness of Pisces, richness of Pingsheng, three friends in winter and winter, all the best, gold and jade, more than a year in a row, two immortals in harmony, more than a year in auspiciousness, three-level promotion, five blessings and eight immortals in darkness, etc. are vivid in shape and exquisite in carving.

The carving technique integrates line carving, flat carving, round carving, relief carving, carving, carving and openwork carving. It is vivid, vivid and impressive. The three carving art of Huangshan bamianting is a bright pearl of Chinese architectural art, a palace of art, a museum of carving art, and an outstanding representative of the carving art of vernacular architecture in Jiangnan

historical value

Huangshan eight side hall

Huangshan octahedral hall covers an area of 0.25 hectares. It was first built in the first year of Jiaqing (1796) of the Qing Dynasty. In the 11th year of Xianfeng (1861), some stone carvings on the facade of the flower hall and the hall were destroyed. In 1942, the South arch was destroyed. The existing Huating site, hall, hall, hall building and the courtyard on both sides of the central axis are in good condition. The main building and subsidiary building of the octahedral hall are composed of a central axis and two horizontal axes.

It is an outstanding representative of the peak period of Dongyang wood carving with its huge building materials, exquisite carving technology and proper layout.

The eight side hall in Huangshan has a definite construction age, which is a typical building in the middle and late Qing Dynasty. It is a typical folk house in central Zhejiang, which combines ancestral hall with residence. It embodies the ethics of Chinese big families and the living habits of small families. At the same time, it is also a palace of art, a museum of ancient sculpture art, with high artistic value.

Cultural relics protection

On June 25, 2001, as an ancient building in Qing Dynasty, Huangshan bamianting was approved by the State Council to be listed in the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Address: No.5 village, Huangshan, Shangxi Town, Yangheng line, Yiwu City, Jinhua City

Longitude: 119.90881

Latitude: 29.340758