XIONGERSHAN National Geopark
details
Because its main peak looks like a big bear's ear from a distance, it is called Xiong'er mountain. It has long been recorded in Yi county annals that "(Xiong'er mountain) is located in the west, which is called Chashan mountain. For example, if you row with Xiong'er mountain in the middle, there is a deep stream at the bottom, which is thousands of feet steep. Looking down from the top of the mountain, you can't see the bottom. The two ends (Cliffs) have different grotesque rocks, and there is no standing place on the side of Chaya, which is also a strange place. "
With Xionger mountain as the main body, the Geopark integrates natural landscapes such as Gu, Shuanglong Rift Valley, karst cave group, Huanglong cave, Longzhua cliff, underground labyrinth, collapse geological disaster relics, etc. it is the physical display of each generation stage of Gu shape landform, and is the only original and unique limestone geological landform wonder in Shandong Province and rare in China.
XIONGERSHAN is a shallow marine sedimentary limestone, shale, sandstone and other strata 500 million years ago. The limestone in the upper part of the mountain is affected by the fault structure. The long-term physical and chemical weathering and dissolution make the tension fractures develop gradually and form the rift valley. Affected by gravity, earthquake and other factors, the rock mass on one side of the rift gradually inclines, collapses and falls, resulting in collapse geological disasters. The original mountain body is gradually weathered and eroded to form a flat peak, steep edge and gentle shoulder. Therefore, it has high value of science popularization, scientific research and appreciation.
Xiong'er mountain park is famous for its high mountains, ravines, lakes and rivers. A trickle of water forms a flying waterfall, which lasts for many years. The Dragon bed scenery and Baodu Pinghu Lake in the lower reaches are rippling and beautiful, creating an ideal summer resort for tourists. The original and unique geological and geomorphic form, harmonious and beautiful natural ecological environment, long and glorious revolutionary tradition are the perfect embodiment of the scenic spot. With the strong promotion of the construction pace of the scenic spot, a picture of the original natural scenery and modern civilization is attracting a large number of Chinese and foreign tourists with its brand-new style. It is a national AAAA scenic spot.
The origin of the name
Xiong'er mountain is located in the middle of the mountain. It is called Xiong'er mountain because its main peak looks like a big bear's ear from a distance. According to the records of mountains and rivers in Yi county annals, "Xionger mountain, 65 kilometers to the north of the city, is towering to the right of Juliang mountain and to the south of jiebeiling mountain. The surrounding rocks are cut hundreds of feet, and the only bird path is available. "
Geology and geomorphology
Xionger mountain, 483 meters above sea level, is east-west, stretching 6 kilometers from east to west and 2 kilometers from north to south. Lying in Beizhuang town. It is a typical low hill. From a distance, Xiong'er mountain looks like a big white bear, lying horizontally from head to tail; the main peak looks like an open bear's ear, so it is called Xiong'er mountain.
Standing at the foot of Xionger mountain, looking up, in the mountains, a peak rises, the mountains are arched, the cypress is green and the pine is blue, the stone is surrounded by clouds, magnificent and magnificent. Looking down from the top of the mountain, you can see the intersection of water, the tinkling of spring water, the green mountain flowers, and the soft language of branches. Xionger mountain is divided into three scenic spots: karst cave group scenic spot, Huanglong Cave Scenic Spot and Shuanglong rift valley scenic spot.
Two dragons and one sky. There is a large tensile fracture near the top of Xionger mountain, which is very long and dangerous. Local residents call it "Shuanglong Rift Valley", but the popular name should be "Shuanglong Yitian" or "Xionger mountain Yitian". The Shuanglong Yitian of Xionger mountain has the following four characteristics:
1. Shuanglong Yitian is the product of Tanlu fault. Located near the tan (Tancheng, Southeast of Zaozhuang City, under the jurisdiction of Linyi City, Shandong Province) Lu (Lujiang, located in Chaohu Area, Anhui Province), it is the product of the Tan Lu fault. The fault movement makes the rock to have tension fracture, which is the geological reason for the formation of a line of sky in Xionger mountain.
2. The scale of Shuanglong Yitian is rare. It is 1000 meters long, 2-5 meters wide and 20-40 meters high on both sides. Yixiantian in Taohuayuan cave, Yongan, Fujian Province, is a famous yixiantian. Although it is higher and wider than XIONGERSHAN, its length is far less than XIONGERSHAN. The longer the length is, the more thrilling it will be and the more exciting it will be for tourists.
3. Double Dragons and one line of sky, twists and turns. In many scenic spots in China, there are not many twists and turns like Xionger mountain. The opening distance is nearly 500 meters, but it took the author more than half an hour to complete the investigation. The main reason is that it is full of twists and turns, sometimes blocking the sky, sometimes suddenly brightening, sometimes turning around, just like a long corridor in the sky.
4. The shape of limestone on the two walls of Xionger mountain is colorful, vivid and interesting.
historical background
Xiong'ershan has a long and glorious revolutionary tradition.
In April 1935, six comrades including Guo Zhiyuan and Zhang Guangzhong, the temporary special committee of the Communist Party of China, established the first rural grass-roots party organization in southern Shandong -- dabeizhuang village Party branch in niubidong, which sowed the fire for the revolutionary struggle in southern Shandong;
In 1936, Wang Shixian, an old Taoist in Taierzhuang, founded the "Huanglongdong private school compulsory primary school for the poor in the north of Luyi". It was the only school in Baodugu mountain area during the Anti Japanese war. The propaganda team of the Eighth Route Army often went to the cave to publicize the revolutionary principles. In just six years from 1935 to 1942, it trained hundreds of students, trained and transported many people with lofty ideals for the revolution.
In 1938, Pang Bingxun's Department of the 40th army of the Kuomintang once used Huanglong cave as a logistics warehouse. When it was evacuated, it exploded. Many historic sites in the cave were destroyed, almost in ruins.
Out of Huanglong cave and down the steps, there is "Maozhai primary school" in Yan. There is a poplar tree in front of the school gate. It is about 100 years old and needs to be embraced by three people. It is verdant and green, tall and towering. It is interesting to contrast with the ancient locust tree in Shangdong. The mountain wind blows like a tiger roaring and a dragon singing. Taking a rest here makes people think
On the eve of November 2003, Xiong'er Mountain Geological Museum, the first geological museum in the province, was built in Xiong'er Mountain National Geological Park in Shanting and opened to tourists.
XIONGERSHAN Geological Museum covers an area of 3900 square meters, with a total investment of 5 million yuan. There are more than 1000 geological specimens and more than 2000 geological pictures in the museum. The museum is divided into four exhibition areas. The sand table exhibition area shows the 98 km landform of XIONGERSHAN scenic spot; the audio-visual room adopts modern high-tech audio-visual means to introduce the whole scenic spot and related geological science knowledge in a comprehensive and systematic way; the exhibition area is mainly composed of more than 200 pictures, showing the development process and geological disasters of XIONGERSHAN National Geopark The exhibition room of ore specimens displays a large number of ore specimens with the most typical representative and scientific research value in the Geopark.
XIONGERSHAN scenic area has beautiful environment, simple folk customs, rich products, and cultural landscapes such as Mudan nunnery, Huanglong cave and canglangyuan. With convenient transportation, XIONGERSHAN scenic area has become a good place for people's geological science popularization, tourism exploration and entertainment
Folk customs
Myths and legends
According to Yi county annals, it is said that "Huanglong cave is a place for Zen master Huanglong to practice truth There is a stone in the west of the rock, and the middle hollow is like a mortar. It can be poured by the spring between the walls, and can be used for drinking by dozens of people. Beside many stone milk, there are white bats as big as pigeons, who drink stone milk and grow Beside the cave, there is a stone line, which is said to be the place where LV Dongbin's flying sword was used. " It is said that a long time ago, there lived a yellow dragon in this cave. After years of cultivation, he was good at calling the wind and the rain and harming the people. One year, Huanglong borrowed the water from the East China Sea and flooded the village and farmland. When it was about to submerge the top of Xionger mountain, one of the eight immortals, LV Dongbin happened to pass by. In order to save the people, LV Dongbin and Huanglong fought for three days and three nights in a row. Finally, they killed Huanglong with a flying sword and rescued the people. Up to now, the villagers are still telling the story of "Lu Dongbin cutting the Yellow Dragon with flying sword".
folk custom
Xionger mountain is surrounded by simple and strong folk customs. Its production and life style are very unique. Its crops and fruit products are extremely rich. The unique Hongmen ecological grape village is named "ecological courtyard demonstration village" by the Ministry of agriculture. Hongshanyu folk village represents the living characteristics of mountain villages in northern China and is a beautiful folk landscape.
Scenic spots
Mountaineering route of XIONGERSHAN National Geopark