Tianyige Museum

Ningbo Tianyige Museum

synonym

Tianyige Museum generally refers to Ningbo Tianyige Museum

Ningbo Tianyige Museum, a national second-class Museum, is located at No. 10, Tianyi street, Haishu District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province. It is a special museum with book collection culture as the core, integrating research, protection, management, display, social education and tourism. It covers an area of about 34000 square meters,

It is divided into book collection culture area, garden leisure area and exhibition area.

The collection of Tianyige Museum in Ningbo includes ancient books, calligraphy and paintings, steles, various unearthed and handed down ceramics, bronzes, jades, etc., as well as local crafts. As of 2019, Ningbo Tianyige Museum has nearly 300000 volumes of various ancient books, most of which are historical books such as local chronicles and Dengke records, of which more than 80000 are rare books.

On February 23, 1982, Tianyi Pavilion was announced by the State Council of the people's Republic of China as the second batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

On March 1, 2008, Ningbo Tianyige museum was announced as the first batch of national key protection units of ancient books by the State Council of the people's Republic of China.

In June 2020, Ningbo Tianyige museum was approved to set up a state-level Ancient Book Restoration Technology Institute.

Historical evolution

From 1561 to 1566, Fan Qin, the right servant of the Ming army, resigned and returned to Li. He began to build a library in the east of the house and named it "Tianyi Pavilion". At that time, he collected more than 70000 volumes of books.

In 1673, Huang Zongxi ascended Tianyi Pavilion. Since then, Tianyi Pavilion gradually ended its closed state and opened to some university students. Huang Zongxi compiled a bibliography for Tianyige and wrote the book collection of Tianyige.

In 1773, Tianyige contributed 638 rare books to the compilation of Sikuquanshu, and 473 of them were collected by Sikuquanshu synopsis. This book offering has resulted in the largest centralized loss of excellent books in the history of Tianyi Pavilion.

In 1841, after the Opium War broke out in Fucheng, Ningbo, dozens of local books such as Tianyige's Da Ming Yi Tong Zhi were plundered by the British army. In 1847, there were only 2223 books in Tianyi Pavilion.

In 1861, the Taiping army captured Ningbo, and the Tianyige library was stolen and sold. Later, some books were bought back by fan bangsui, the tenth grandson of Fan Qin. According to the Tianyige Jiancun bibliography compiled by Xue Fu Chengming, up to 1884, there were 2152 original books in Tianyige, including 17382 volumes, and 8462 volumes of ancient and modern books.

In 1914, Tianyige's books were stolen and transported to Shanghai. Later, Zhang Yuanji of the commercial press redeemed some of them and stored them in Hanfen building of the Oriental library. However, in the Anti Japanese War, the Oriental library was bombed and burned, resulting in the loss of thousands of Tianyige's books.

In September 1933, a strong typhoon caused great damage to Tianyige building.

In October 1933, the Committee for the restoration of Tianyige was established. Chen Baolin was elected as the chairman of the general affairs, communication, engineering and economic groups. The nature of Tianyige private library entered the period of public-private joint management, which prepared a good transition from state-owned public management after the founding of the people's Republic of China.

In 1937, the Anti Japanese war broke out. In order to protect Tianyige's collection of books, Tianyige experienced the first large-scale publishing. The first three boxes of books left Tianyige on August 17, 1937.

On January 5, 1939, the second batch of eight boxes of pre Ming edition were also transported from Tianyige to the countryside for temporary shelter.

On April 12, 1939, a total of 28 boxes (9080 volumes) were sealed by the government of Yin county and transported to the rear of Longquan County for temporary storage in Dangshi Township, where they were hidden together with the collection of Zhejiang Provincial Library.

On December 16, 1946, the collection of Tianyi Pavilion was transported back to the pavilion.

In February 1947, the Tianyige Management Committee was established, with 27 members, including Yu Jimin as the chairman, Chen Youhua and Zhou Dali as the vice chairmen. It consists of general affairs group, book group, recruitment group and accounting group. From March 1 to 3, Tianyi Pavilion was on public display for the first time since its completion.

In May 1949, Ningbo was liberated. On June 9, the culture and Education Department of Ningbo Military Control Commission took over Tianyi Pavilion and set up an antiquities Exhibition Center in Zunjing Pavilion.

In September 1951, Ningbo Municipal Bureau of culture and Education decided to merge Yinxian Tongzhi Museum and literature committee into Ningbo antiquities Exhibition Center (Tianyi Pavilion).

In February 1960, the Ningbo Municipal Cultural Relics Administration Committee was established in Tianyige, and the municipal antiquities Exhibition Center was abolished at the same time.

In February 1970, the core group of Ningbo Revolutionary Committee decided to abolish the Municipal Cultural Administration Commission and the municipal library, and merge them to establish Ningbo Library of books and cultural relics, which is actually divided into two departments.

In July 1971, Ningbo Municipal Party committee approved the establishment of the revolutionary leading group of Ningbo library and cultural relics museum.

In February 1978, the Zhejiang Provincial Bureau of culture approved the establishment of the Ningbo Tianyige cultural relics depository, and the Municipal Cultural Administration Commission and the municipal library were restored to their original systems. In June, Tianyige established an independent institution, which is fully known as "Ningbo Tianyige cultural relics depository".

In 1981, a new library of Tianyige was built in the northwest corner behind Tianyige.

In November 1994, the office of Ningbo Editorial Board approved the Municipal Bureau of culture, and agreed to merge Ningbo Museum into Tianyi Pavilion, which is also known as "Ningbo Tianyi Pavilion Museum". Meanwhile, the private library is under the management of Tianyi Pavilion.

In 1998, the Tianyige Museum of Ningbo established the collection of local chronicles of China.

In 2004, tianfengta, baiyunzhuang, Gulou and other external cultural protection sites were managed by Ningbo Tianyige Museum, and the number of external cultural protection sites increased to five.

architectural composition

overview

Ningbo Tianyige museum is a special museum with collection culture as its core, which integrates research, protection, management, display, social education and tourism. Covering an area of about 34000 square meters, it has the characteristics of Jiangnan courtyard garden.

It is divided into book collection culture area, garden leisure area and exhibition area. There are exhibition halls such as "Tianyige development history exhibition", "China Local Records collection hall", "China existing library exhibition", "Ming and Qing Dynasty calligraphy exhibition" and so on.

Library Culture District

The library culture area takes tianyitiange library as the core, and combines the concentrated display of fan's Yuwu with the scattered display of Dongming thatched cottage, fan's former residence, zunjingge, qianjinzhai, baoshulou, etc. to show the display content in stages.

Exhibition area

The exhibition area includes Qin's ancestral hall, furongzhou ancestral hall, Wen's ancestral hall and the newly-built painting and calligraphy Museum. The painting and calligraphy museum is located on the west side of Qin's ancestral hall, with six houses: yunzailu, Boya hall, Daijin hall, Hualian hall, Zhuangyuan hall and nanxuan. The cultural relics on display include ancient books, calligraphy and paintings, steles and stickers, various unearthed and handed down ceramics, bronzes, jades, etc., as well as local exquisite crafts.

Garden Leisure Area

In the garden leisure area, there are a series of tourist attractions, such as Mingchi, rockery, corridor, forest of Steles, Baie Pavilion, Ninghui hall, etc.

Pavilion features

Tianyige museum is a comprehensive museum with the characteristics of book collection culture and integration of social history and art. Tianyige Museum has elegant environment, exquisite gardens, simple buildings and rich local characteristics.

Tianyige is the oldest private library in China and one of the three oldest family libraries in the world.

Collection

overview

The collection of Ningbo Tianyige museum includes ancient books, calligraphy and paintings, steles, various unearthed and handed down ceramics, bronzes, jades, and local handicrafts.

As of 2019, Ningbo Tianyige Museum has nearly 300000 volumes of various ancient books, most of which are historical books such as local chronicles and Dengke records, of which more than 80000 are rare books.

Part of Fan Qin's collection is internal information of the government. Most of the existing rare ancient books are printed or copied in Ming Dynasty, and some of them have become the only ones at home. Among the rarest collections are local chronicles and imperial examination records of the Ming Dynasty, with 271 and 370 species respectively.

Ancient Works

Imperial examination records: there are Jinshi, Huishi and Xiangshi, accounting for more than 80% of this kind of literature. It has preserved the complete records of Jinshi Dengke from the first branch in 1371 to the 52nd branch in 1583.

The ten volumes of the Sutra of lenyan, the first line of all righteous Bodhisattvas, were translated by Sakyamuni Sakyamuni, the (Tang) Emperor of shibanami, in the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties. Tomorrow, the first year of Qi (1621) will be engraved with three color sets.

Volume 240 of Wubei annals: Ming Dynasty. (Ming) Mao Yuanyi (1594-16)