Changjia Manor

Changjia manor is the Changjia manor in Yuci, Shanxi Province. With his ambition to win the world with his wealth and the spirit of pursuing profits, he made tea in Wuyishan, established his manor in chaktu, opened up a tea road of ten thousand li, and sold tea in Mongolia, Russia and Northern Europe. It lasted for more than 200 years. Therefore, he became a great businessman of Jin in Fujia and the first family of Chinese trade with Russia.

After nearly 200 years of improvement, the Changjia manor has formed more than 100 deep homes, more than 4000 houses, more than 50 buildings, covering an area of 600000 square meters. In the courtyard, the pavilions, carved beams and painted buildings are exquisite and magnificent. In addition, there are seven gardens, including famous flowers and ancient trees, high pavilions and low pavilions, qulangzhaifang, shuixichi and tan. Surrounded by the eight gates of Qianli Fort wall, the ideal spirit manor for the owner to live in, cultivate, cultivate, reverie, watch, browse, delight and chant is realized.

Although the restored 40000 square meter house and 80000 square meter garden only account for a quarter of the original scale, they basically maintain the manor style and reproduce the former style.

Changjia Manor

Changjia manor, a national AAAA tourist attraction, is the house complex of Chang family in Chewang village, Dongyang Town, Yuci, known as "Confucian merchant family".

It was first built during the reign of Qianlong and Jiaqing, and then renovated many times, covering an area of 600000 square meters. It has more than 4000 houses, more than 50 buildings and 13 small gardens, accounting for half of the original Chewang village. In 1947, it was destroyed in many places due to the war and then repaired.

Changjia manor is open to the public as a half street of the original Changjia manor, with a total area of more than 120000 square meters, less than 1 / 4 of the original area. Among them, there are 4 hectares of residential buildings, 8 hectares of gardens, 3 hectares of attached houses and 12 kilometers of village walls, forming a pattern of "one mountain, one Pavilion, two pavilions, four gardens, five courtyards, six rivers, nine halls, eight stickers, thirteen pavilions, twenty-five corridors and twenty-seven residential buildings".

In February 2020, novel coronavirus pneumonia was widely opened to medical practitioners. The area was open to health care professionals from December 31, 2020 to December 31, 2020.

geographical environment

geographical position

Changjia manor in Yuci, Shanxi Province, 112 ° 34 'to 113 ° 8' east longitude and 37 ° 23 'to 37 ° 54' north latitude, with Taihang Mountains in the north and Fenhe River Valley in the south, has a long history. It was called Weiyu, tushui and Zhongdu in ancient times. It originated from yuwangyuzhou state in ancient times and became a famous city in Sanjin.

Climatic characteristics

Changjia manor has a warm temperate semi humid continental monsoon climate. It is hot and rainy in summer, cold and dry in winter, and short in spring and autumn. The annual average temperature is 9.8 ℃, the rainfall is 418-483mm, the annual sunshine hours are 2662 hours, and the frost free period is 158 days.

Changjia manor is located in the cultural tourism area of Shanxi merchants, with mild climate and small temperature difference between day and night.

Scale layout

Covering an area of more than 120000 square meters, Changjia manor is the largest courtyard of Shanxi merchants and the largest manor style building complex in China. The layout is rigorous, orderly and functional. It is composed of castle gate, castle wall, street, courtyard complex, garden, shop, archway in the street, Castle pool, pool bridge, etc.

On the north side of the street is the courtyard building area of the manor, lined up in front of the street. To the north of the residential area is the garden area, which includes Jing garden, Ya garden and Shi garden. On the south side of the street, there are various shops along the street, which are the supply facilities for people's living and consumption, and also the South closed line of the manor. The Changjia manor is linked by "back street", and each courtyard is close to each other. "The gateway to the street is opened in turn, and the castle gate is closed like a hall.".

Historical evolution

From 1488 to 1505 (Hongzhi period of Ming Dynasty), Changjia manor was built at the end of Ming Dynasty. When Chang's family propagated to the fifth and sixth dynasties, it was in the late Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty, and merchants in Jinzhong rose. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty, with the increasing population, the families of Chang built some houses one after another.

Around 1681 (the 20th year of Kangxi's reign), the eighth Changwei went to Zhangjiakou to manage the silk business, which gradually developed. From a merchant to a merchant, he opened "changbupu", which laid the foundation for the development of Changjia's business. Then Chang Wei's eldest son Chang wankui, his second son Chang wanwang, and his third son Chang Wanda went with him one after another. Chang wanwang was not good at business and settled down in Caiyuan village of Zhangjiakou to work as a farmer. In the Qianlong Dynasty and later, the two brothers' industry developed rapidly and became one of the great merchants. They started large-scale house construction in Chewang village of Yuci, and first built "shidetang" old house.

In 1768 (the 33rd year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong), Chang wanwang and Chang Wanda separated their families and started large-scale construction of the Chang family manor. Chang wankui stayed in the old courtyard of Shide hall in the south of the village, which is called "Nanchang". Chang Wanda bought land again in the north of the village, filled up the waste canals and built the "Shirong hall", known as "Beichang". From then on, two large residential buildings, Nanchang and Beichang, were gradually formed.

After the Six Dynasties of Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daoguang, Xianfeng, Tongzhi and Guangxu, the Changjia manor has been built continuously for nearly 150 years. It has formed a grand scale of more than 5000 houses, more than 50 buildings, seven gardens, covering an area of 600000 square meters. Its building area accounts for half of Chewang village, ranking second to none among the Jin Merchants in the Qing Dynasty. Compared with Qixian Qiao's courtyard, there is a saying that "one Qiao's courtyard, two Chang's streets". In addition, the Chang family also owns a considerable amount of houses and real estate in yaojiapu, Qingxu County, Taiyuan.

In 1948 (37 years of the Republic of China), the juncture of Yuci, Taigu and Xugou, where Chewang village was located, was the main battlefield of Jinzhong campaign. The main courtyard of "Nanchang" was greatly damaged, and the main hall of Yonghe Hall of "Beichang" was destroyed. In the early days of the founding of new China, most of the houses in the West and south of "Nanchang" and "Beichang" back street were allocated to poor farmers, and some of them were still left to Chang's descendants; more than 20 courtyards in the East and north of back street were taken over by the Department of civil affairs of Shanxi Province and occupied by the second sanatorium for disabled soldiers in Shanxi Province. During the "Cultural Revolution", the "breaking four old" became popular, and thousands of shadow walls and brick, wood and stone carvings of Changjia manor were destroyed as "four old". In the 1980s, the gradually wealthy farmers began to pursue new buildings, and most of the "Nanchang" and "Beichang" houses were demolished and transformed. Although some of the "Beichang" houses occupied by sanatoriums were demolished, most of them remained the original appearance.

Since the 1980s, with the rise and deepening of the study of Shanxi merchants, the development headquarters of Changjia manor has been established to repair its main buildings according to their original appearance. On September 29, 2001, the renovation was completed and officially opened to tourists.

Main attractions

Honor of scenic spot

Development and construction

On September 29, 2001, the restoration of Changjia manor was completed. The CPC Yuci District Committee and people's Government of Jinzhong City held a ribbon cutting ceremony for Changjia manor, which was open to tourists. At the same time, the first cultural tourism festival of Yuci district was held.

From September 29 to October 10, 2002, the third cultural tourism festival of Jinzhong City and the second Cultural Tourism Festival of Yuci district were held in Changjia manor.

In 2003 and 2004, Changjia manor added social fire, etiquette and other dynamic folk cultural performances.

On February 26, 2012, "rouge overlord" and "White Deer Plain" shot Changjia manor.

On October 22, 2012, the woman of the swordsman family entered the Changjia manor.

On September 4, 2013, Shanxi Merchants returned to the road of tea and held an expedition ceremony in Changjia manor.

On July 31, 2014, red Bayi entered Changjia manor.

On September 15, 2014, Changjia manor will hold the national day happy sunshine competition.

On November 24, 2014, sponsored by Baidu Encyclopedia and organized by Baidu Encyclopedia Club of Information College of Shanxi Agricultural University, the public welfare activity of "knowing Shanxi merchants on the code" was held in Changjia manor.

On January 25, 2015, during the Spring Festival and Lantern Festival, Changjia manor held a series of activities, such as traditional social fire performance, ancestor worship, appreciation of the twenty-four filial piety pictures, gege throwing Hydrangea ball to choose son-in-law and so on.

On March 11, 2015, Changjia manor launched a spring outing on tree planting day.

On March 27, 2015, Changjia manor held the tree planting activity of "embracing spring and planting green".

Traffic information

train

From Beijing to Yuci: k609, k961

Datong to Yuci: 2671, 2463, k7807, k1365, k961

Zhengzhou to Yuci: k1366, k2502, 1552

Xi'an to Yuci: k690, 2672, 1096, 1486, k506

Self driving

Beijing to Yuci: Beijing Shijiazhuang Expressway Shijiazhuang Shijiazhuang Taiyuan Expressway Taiyuan Yuci

Datong to Yuci: Datong - Dayun Expressway - 108 National Highway - Yuci

Zhengzhou to Yuci: Jinjiao Expressway Changjin Expressway Taichang Expressway Yuci exit southbound National Highway 108 Dongyang town Yuci

Xi'an to Yuci: Qixian exit of Dayun Expressway Dongguan northbound National Highway 108 Dongyang town of Yuci