Shang Lin Lake Yue Kiln celadon site

Shanglinhu Yue Kiln site is located in the Shanglinhu area (originally Yuyao county) at the foot of the West Castanopsis mountain, Minghe Town, Cixi City, which is one of the main production areas of Yue Kiln celadon. It was named Yue Kiln because it belonged to Yue State in ancient times.

Since 1957, more than 120 ancient kiln sites have been found in the vicinity of Cixi Shanglin lake, ancient Shangao lake, Baiyang Lake, du Lake (Lidu Lake) and ancient Yinding Lake (now Pengdong). Shanglin lake is the most concentrated. Along the lake, mupao Bay, aoskirt mountain, Jiaobai Bay, Huangshan Mountain, yanzikun, hehuaxin, goutoujingshan, dabutou, Chenzishan, wujiaxi, zhoujiaao, and so on, there are many kilns. Firing began in the Eastern Han Dynasty, flourished in the Tang and Five Dynasties, and extended to the Song Dynasty.

Shanglinhu celadon is loved by all countries in the world. Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, it has been exported to Korea, Japan and Arab countries and regions through Mingzhou (Ningbo) port. In India, Iran, Egypt and Japan, celadon relics from Shanglinhu kiln have been unearthed, which has become a bridge and messenger for foreign trade and cultural exchange in ancient Ningbo.

Shanglin lake is nestled in the embrace of mountains. The lake bank is full of twists and turns, the lake surface is rippling, and the mountains around the lake are steep and the fruit trees are abundant. The Castanopsis mountain in Hunan, also known as Xianju mountain, is said to have been inhabited by immortals. The mountain is extremely quiet, with winding paths, murmuring streams and chirping birds. In the season of abundant water, the waterfall falls down like a dance.

In addition, there are du Lake, Baiyang Lake, Wulei temple, Jinxian temple and other places of interest in the east of the lake, which add infinite interest and reverie. Especially in summer, Myrica rubra heavily pressure branches, red and gorgeous, attracted visitors salivate.

The best tourism season of Shanglin lake Yue Kiln site is in late spring and early summer, and the best is at the end of June. At this time, the mountains are more green, the water is clearer, and the price of crossing the river by boat is cheaper. At this time, as long as each tourist pays 10 yuan for the round-trip boat. If you are smart enough, you can bargain with the local people who go up the mountain to pick red bayberry at this time. It's cheaper. At this time, it is also the harvest season of red bayberry. When you go to Shanglin lake, you can not only enjoy the green mountains and green waters, but also enjoy the delicious red bayberry.

Shanglin lake Yue Kiln site

synonym

Shanglin lake Yue Kiln celadon site generally refers to Shanglin lake Yue Kiln site

Shanglin lake Yue Kiln site is located in the Shanglin lake area at the foot of the West Castanopsis mountain, Minghe Town, Cixi City, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province

From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Song Dynasty (1st century to 12th century), it was the central place of producing celadon from Yue kilns. It was one of the starting points of the road of ceramics on the sea. The imperial court set up tribute kilns and official supervision kilns here successively, firing a large number of secret color porcelain

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In the Tang Dynasty strata of Shanglinhu Yue Kiln site, the quality of the unearthed products is high, and the inner abdomen of a few cups and plates are engraved with four symmetrical lotus leaf patterns; while in the strata of the Five Dynasties, the quality of the body glaze of a few utensils is excellent, the body quality is extremely fine, the glaze color is azure, and the glaze surface is lustrous, which belongs to the type of secret color porcelain

. The excavation of Linhu Yue Kiln site provides abundant information for the staging of Yue Kiln celadon in Tang and Song dynasties

It reveals the layout, production process, production and management of Yue kilns in Tang and Song Dynasties, and provides a large number of detailed materials for the study of Yue kilns in Tang and Song dynasties

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On January 13, 1988, Shanglin lake Yue Kiln site was announced as the third batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council of the people's Republic of China

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Historical evolution

In the Eastern Han Dynasty (1st century), the Yue Kiln site in Shanglin lake was first burned

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During the Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties (2nd-5th century), the Yue Kiln site in Shanglin lake rose

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During the Tang and Song Dynasties (7th-12th century), the Yue Kiln site in Shanglin lake reached its peak

From Shanglin lake, Yue Kiln celadon sails into Yaojiang River through Dongheng River, and then it is transported overseas through Mingzhou port, reaching Koryo (Korea) in the north, Japan in the East and Guangzhou in the south. One route leads southeast to the Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia; the other route leads southwest to Vietnam, Thailand, Myanmar, India and Pakistan through the bay of Bengal To reach the Persian Gulf and Mediterranean coast, Iran, Egypt, etc

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In the late Tang Dynasty (9th century), the site of Hou si'ao kiln in Shanglin lake began to burn

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During the Five Dynasties (10th century), more than 140000 pieces of Yue celadon were paid tribute to the Central Plains Dynasty from the Shanglinhu Yue Kiln site

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During the Five Dynasties (10th century), the burning of Hou si'ao kiln site in Shanglin lake stopped

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In the late Northern Song Dynasty (11th century), the Yue Kiln site in Shanglin lake began to decline

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In the early Southern Song Dynasty (12th century), the Yue Kiln site in Shanglinhu reappeared a short period of prosperity due to the burning of sacrificial utensils by the Southern Song Dynasty. However, due to the establishment of official kilns in Lin'an by the Southern Song Dynasty and other factors, the burning of the Yue Kiln site in Linhu gradually stopped

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In 1935, archaeologists went to Shanglinhu Yue Kiln site for archaeological investigation, and confirmed that Shanglinhu Yue Kiln site was the central origin of Yue Kiln

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In 1980, Cixi cultural relics department organized a cultural relics survey team to investigate the Yue Kiln site in Shanglin lake, and found 97 celadon kiln sites in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Three Kingdoms period, the Southern Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty (1st century-12th century)

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In 1990, a trial excavation was carried out on the site of xiaolingtou kiln in Shanglinhu Yue Kiln site

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From 1993 to 1995, archaeologists from Zhejiang Provincial Institute of cultural relics and Archaeology and the office of Cixi Municipal Cultural Relics Management Committee conducted a continuous archaeological excavation of the lotus core kiln site in Shanglinhu Yue Kiln site

Two kilns were exposed

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From 1998 to 1999, archaeologists from Zhejiang Provincial Institute of cultural relics and Archaeology and the office of Cixi Municipal Cultural Relics Management Committee excavated the Longkou kiln site of the ancient Yindian Lake Temple in Shanglin lake

The total excavation area is 1045 square meters

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In 1999, archaeologists from Zhejiang Provincial Institute of cultural relics and Archaeology and the office of Cixi Municipal Cultural Relics Management Committee carried out a rescue archaeological excavation of the baiyanghu shimanong kiln site in Shanglinhu Yue Kiln site

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From September 2014 to October 2015, archaeologists from Zhejiang Institute of cultural relics and Archaeology and the office of Cixi Municipal Cultural Relics Management Committee conducted active archaeological excavation on the lotus core kiln site of Shanglinhu Yue Kiln site

In addition, a number of exquisite celadon specimens from the Tang, Five Dynasties and Northern Song dynasties were unearthed

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From October 2015 to January 2017, archaeologists from Zhejiang Institute of cultural relics and Archaeology and the office of Cixi Municipal Cultural Relics Management Committee conducted active archaeological excavation on housi'ao kiln site of Shanglin lake Yue Kiln site

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Site features

overview

Shanglinhu Yue Kiln site is located in Shanglinhu reservoir. There are nearly 120 celadon kiln sites with an area of 12.9 square kilometers, mainly concentrated in muchaowan, Huangyishan, hehuaxin, goujingshan, houshi'ao, wujiaxi and huangpo'ao. There are 11 kiln sites in Eastern Han and Three Kingdoms period (1st century-3rd century), 1 in Southern Dynasty (5th century), 31 in Tang Dynasty (7th century), and 31 in Tang dynasty-5th century There were 11 in the Tang Dynasty (7th-10th century), 17 in the Tang Dynasty and Northern Song Dynasty (7th-12th century), 7 in the Five Dynasties (10th century), 27 in the Five Dynasties and Northern Song Dynasty (10th-12th century), and 10 in the Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127)

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Housi'ao kiln site

Housi'ao kiln site is one of the core kiln sites in Shanglin lake Yue Kiln site, and it is the place for firing tribute secret color porcelain

It is located on the West Bank of the middle part of the Yue Kiln site in Shanglin lake, with the serial number of y66

With an archaeological area of 1200 square meters, there are more than 5 meters thick strata in the late Tang Dynasty, the Five Dynasties and the Northern Song Dynasty (from the 9th century to the 11th century). It is a complete kiln. The workshop remains, including the dragon kiln furnace, house site, mud storage pool and glaze jar, are distributed in the shape of "concave". In the middle is the dragon kiln for firing porcelain, on the left is the waste accumulation area of broken porcelain, and on the right is the workshop for making and glazing porcelain at that time

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Lotus core kiln site

Hehuaxin kiln site is one of the important kiln sites in Shanglinhu Yue Kiln site. It is built along the mountain and is an irregular rectangle with a slope of 13 degrees and an area of more than 2000 square meters

It is 41.8 meters long and 2-2.8 meters wide, with a height difference of about 6.5 meters between the top and the bottom. There are seven gaps on the right side. It is an opening for delivering firewood in ancient times. The lower part of the head is the chamber of fire

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Kiln site of silongkou

Silongkou kiln site is one of the important Yue Kiln sites in Shanglin lake. It is distributed along the coast. It is located on the west slope of the fishing rod on the Hunan side of the ancient silver ingot in qianbing village, Kuangyan town. The waste on both sides is piled up and uplifted. The thickest part is more than 10 meters, covering an area of about 20000 square meters

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Cultural relics

The unearthed cultural relics of Shanglinhu Yue Kiln site include three legged toad inkstone drops of the Northern Song Dynasty, flat pots of the Tang Dynasty, secret color porcelain wearing bottles, secret color porcelain pillows, secret color porcelain fumigation furnaces, secret color porcelain cups, and eight edged pure bottles

There are also bowls, jars, bottles, cups, plates, boxes, flowerpots, three legged stoves, bird food jars, utensils covers, utensils seats, etc.; three legged toad inkstone drops, toad holding his head, squatting on a lotus leaf shaped tray, is a national first-class cultural relic

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Research value

The excavation of Linhu Yue Kiln site provides detailed information for the staging of Yue Kiln celadon in Tang and Song dynasties

It reveals a large number of workshop relics and the history of Yue in Tang and Song Dynasties (7th century-12th century)