Sea pine nut

(Kaibao materia medica)

[synonym] Songzi (Haiyao materia medica), (Bencao Yanyi), Xinluo Songzi (compendium).

[source] it is the seed of Pinus koraiensis.

[plant morphology] Pinus koraiensis, also known as Pinus Haisong (Kaibao materia medica), Pinus Xinluo (compendium), Pinus koraiensis, Pinus koraiensis and Pinus koraiensis.

Evergreen large trees, up to 30 meters high. The bark is grayish brown and scaly. Branchlets dark brown, densely rusty brown hairy, new branches brown yellow, densely hairy. The leaves are needle shaped, 5 needles in a bunch, thick and hard, 8-12 cm long, dark green on the outside, 5-7 rows of white stomatal lines on the inside, and serrate on the edge; the leaf sheaths fall early. Flowers are unisexual; male inflorescences are columnar, at the base of new branches, densely panicle shaped and reddish yellow; female inflorescences are at the apex of main branches or reading branches, solitary or multiple, with long stalks. The cones are large, oval, 9-14 cm long, 6-8 cm in diameter, initially green and then yellowish brown; the scales are rhombic or scaly ovate, the top is elongated and reflexed, with coarse hairs, and each has two seeds. Seeds ovate triangular, wingless, reddish brown, 12-18 mm long and 9-16 mm wide. The flowering period is May. The fruit period is from October to November.

It grows on moist gentle hillside or flat land with good drainage, and mostly forms mixed forest with broad-leaved trees. It is distributed in Northeast China.

[collection] after the fruit is ripe, it is harvested and dried in the sun. The hard shell is removed. The seeds are taken out and stored in a dry place.

[chemical composition] it is mainly composed of oleic acid ester and linoleic acid ester. In addition, it also contains palmatine, protein and volatile oil

The oleoresins of Pinus koraiensis contain α - pinene, β - pinene, camphene, carene-3, sabinene, myrcene, dipentene, β - phellandrene, γ - Terpinene, p-cymene, semmene, isosemmenenol, 4-episemmenenol, kauranediol, lambertilic acid, methyl lambertinylate, 3,5-dimethoxystilbene, CIS neoabinesol, 18-nordehydro-4 α - ol 19-nordehydroabien-4 (18) - ene dehydroabien-15-hydroxyrosin-18-carboxylic acid methyl ester, tunicarene, Longifolene and Terpinene.

Two alkaloids, 4 - α - picoline and pinelline, were isolated from the leaves.

Sweet and warm.

① "Haiyao Materia Medica": "it tastes sweet, warm and nontoxic. "

② Kaibao materia medica: "it is sweet, mild and non-toxic. "

③ "Yulao Yaojie" says: "the taste is sweet and pungent, and the Qi is flat. "

[meridian] into the liver, lung, large intestine.

① "Yuluoyaojie" says: "enter the foot Taiyin spleen, hand Yangming large intestine, hand Shaoyin heart, foot Jueyin liver meridian. "

② "Yao Yao Fen Ji": entering lung and large intestine meridians. "

Functions and indications: nourishing fluid, calming wind, moistening lung, smoothing intestine, treating wind obstruction, dizziness, dry cough, vomiting blood and constipation.

① "Haiyao Materia Medica": "it governs all kinds of wind and warms the intestines and stomach. "

② "Rihuazi Materia Medica" says: "the wind can block the cold Qi, make up the deficiency, moisten the skin and fatten the five internal organs. "

③ Kaibao materia medica: "it can control the wind of bone joints, dizziness, remove dead muscles, whiten, disperse moisture, moisten the five internal organs, and avoid hunger. "

④ Bencao Yanyi: "treat deficiency and mystery with Tongzhi. "

⑤ Compendium: "moisten the lung, treat dryness and cough. "

⑥ "Bencao tongxuan": "Yifei Zhisou, Buqi Yangxue, Runchang Zhike, Wenzhong soufeng. "

⑦ New materia medica: "moisten the lung and spleen, astringent cough, stop vomiting blood. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoct soup, 1.5 ~ 3 yuan; or add ointment or pill.

[should avoid] "Ben Cao Cong Xin": "don't use loose stools and slippery stool; don't use wet phlegm. "

[prescription selection] ① treat wind blockage and cold Qi, deficiency and lack of Qi, five viscera fatigue, cough and spitting, bone steaming, night sweats, trance, unwilling diet, spermatorrhea: eight taels of pine, solid kernel, one jin, eight taels each, boil cream, add less refined honey. Take more than ten teaspoons of white soup every morning and evening. (Su Shi)

② Treatment of lung dry cough: one or two pine nuts, < U > < / u > two Liang. Research cream, and ripe honey half of the harvest. Take two yuan per serving, and boil the soup after eating. (Feng Sui Tang in Xuangan Zhuan Shi Fang)

③ For the treatment of old people's deficiency: baiziren, damaziren, songziren, etc. are divided into the same research, rongbailai pill, Tongzi big. Take 20 or 30 pills with shaohuangdan Decoction before eating. (Ben Cao Yan Yi)

④ Moisten heart and lung, and large intestine: pine nuts with rice porridge food. (Songzi porridge in three books of scholar materials)

[discussion by famous experts] 1. In the book of Materia Medica, it is said that "Hai Song Zi has a sweet and warm smell. If Yang Qi is invigorated and the channels are unblocked, then the apoplexy and water vapor in the joints of the bones and the dizziness of the wind will eliminate the dead muscles. The temperature is Yang, sweet taste, blood, blood gas is sufficient, then five feet from run, white not hungry origin. "

② According to Fengyuan of Ben Jing, "Hai Song Zi is a good medicine for moistening lung, clearing heart, stopping cough and moistening intestines. It also has the effect of Bai Ren and Ma Ren. It has the effect of warming middle and benefiting Yin. It is also a good medicine for dry phlegm and cough in heart and lung. "

③ "Yuluoyaojie" says: "pine nuts and cypress nuts are the same. They are not astringent but moistened. They can moisten the lung and stop coughing, smooth the intestines and unblock the secret, open and close the door to eliminate arthralgia, and moisturize the skin and hair. "