Crayfish

Crayfish

(notes on materia medica)

[synonym] Hai Yao (Linhai foreign body record).

[source] meat or subcutaneous fat of dolphins.

[animal form] dolphin (compendium)

It is 2-2.4 meters long, plump and conical. The head is small, the snout is long and protruding, such as beak, and there is a V-shaped groove line between the mouth and the forehead. There are 94-100 teeth in the upper and lower jaw, with sharp end and slightly backward curve. The ear hole is very small. Nostril 1, born in the top of the head, the edge of a valvular membrane, can open and close automatically. Small eyes with black circles. There are dorsal fins in the center of the back, and the forelimbs are fin shaped, sharp and narrow, without hind squeak. The tail end is flattened into two caudal leaves, forming a half moon fin. The back and sides of the head and body are pale black, and the abdomen is white.

They live in the sea. It can be found in the East China Sea and South China Sea.

[chemical composition] meat accounts for 38% of body weight. It contains 73% water, 23.5% protein, 1.5% fat and 1.8% ash. The N-terminal amino acid of myoglobin in meat is glycine. According to the iron content, the molecular weight is 185560.

Due to different body parts, the nature and composition of fat are also different. The characteristic of oil is that it contains isovaleric acid, which is mixed with other fatty acids to form glyceride, while triisovaleric acid glyceride does not exist. The total fatty acid composition is as follows: saturated fatty acid isovaleric acid: subcutaneous fat 3.2, head fat 13.9; lauric acid: subcutaneous fat 1.0, head fat 2.4; < U > < / u > acid: subcutaneous fat 7.2, head fat 12.5; acid: subcutaneous fat 8.6, head fat 11.6; stearic acid: subcutaneous fat 0.8, head fat 0.4. Unsaturated fatty acid tetradecenoic acid: subcutaneous fat 4.7, head fat 2.7; hexadecenoic acid: subcutaneous fat 25.9, head fat 25.4; C18 acid group: subcutaneous fat 24.1, head fat 15.8; C20 acid group: subcutaneous fat 18.6, head fat 12.7; C22 acid group: subcutaneous fat 5.9, head fat 2.6.

Subcutaneous fat, containing 2-3% higher alcohols, reacts with fatty acid to synthesize esters.

The content of vitamin A in the subcutaneous fat of both young and old dolphins is comparable to that of cod liver oil.

[nature and taste] notes on materia medica: "it tastes salty and nontoxic. "

[function and indications] materia medica notes: "meat is the main source of malaria. It can be used as preserved food, with fat in the skin. It can also be used to rub sores, scabies, hemorrhoids and fistulas. "