Xu Dachun
Xu Dachun (1693-1771), formerly known as Daye, is a native of Wujiang, Jiangsu Province, and now a native of Wujiang District, Suzhou city. He was born in the 32nd year of Emperor Kangxi and died in the 36th year of Emperor Qianlong. It's easy to be sensitive, but it's easy to argue. Since the book of changes, morality, Yin Fu, as well as astronomy, geography, temperament, attack and so on, they are proficient in medicine. At the beginning, he paid tribute to Taixue with his students. Later, he abandoned it and went to Wusong and Zhenze to cure the living. Dachun wrote a lot of books, including Lantai rail
Fan
》On the origin and development of medicine and on the prescriptions for febrile diseases are all books of medicine. There are more than 30 songs of his "Huixi Daoqing", and the history of Chinese poetry is full of indignant words.
Character achievement
Dachun was diligent in learning and wrote many works in his life, all of which were commented and elucidated by him, such as "on the origin and development of medicine" (1757), "yiguanbian" (1767), "Lantai standard" (1764), "shenjicuyan" (1767), etc., all of which can sweep away the prejudice and set up a new school, which is the unique medical critic in the history of traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. In addition, he wrote the interpretation of Nanjing (1727), the hundred records of Shennong Materia Medica (1736), the prescriptions for febrile diseases (1759), and the Huixi medical records and Yuefu Chuansheng compiled by later generations. Later generations compiled his works as six kinds of Xu's medical books, which spread widely and had a great influence.
Character relationship
Disciple: Wu Ji (1736-1824), whose name is lanpei, was born in Jiangning prefecture (now Nanjing, Jiangsu Province). Wu Ji was a disciple of Xu Dachun, a famous medical scientist in the Qing Dynasty. When I was young, I followed my father and grandfather to study medicine in the medical school. I had a clear idea of the nature of medicine, and I could get rid of many difficult and miscellaneous diseases. Later, because Wu Mu Tu suffered from lung rock (now known as lung cancer), although Wu Ji tried his best to cure it and searched for famous doctors all over the country, he still could not recover. Three years later, he fell ill and died in the liver. Wu Jitong made up his mind to devote himself to rock diseases. In order to improve his medical skills, he became the first disciple of Xu Dachun, a famous doctor. He followed him to study medicine for more than ten years, and finally got his true biography and medical skills.
Characters and deeds
Xu Dachun went to Beijing twice. The first time was in the 25th year of Emperor Qianlong (1760). He was praised by Emperor Qianlong for his plain words. He originally intended to stay in the capital and resolutely refused to live in seclusion in Thrushcross spring. The second time was in the 36th year of Emperor Qianlong. He was seventy-nine years old and knew he was not happy. He went with his son Xu Chu and died three days later. Before he died, he drew up a couplet in front of the tomb and said, "the mountain is full of herbs and herbs, and the wind is clear all the way to the tomb." It can be described as a picture of life.
Life of the characters
"All day long, there's never a moment of idleness. On a snowy winter's night, I was hugged by camel's wool and read the three songs of chicken. When there are many mosquitoes in the summer and the moon, we have to shut down the lights to reflect the final light. Today, my eyes are dark and my mind is weak, and I still refuse to lighten my pen. ".
These are the words of Xu Dachun, a famous doctor in the Qing Dynasty, who described his life and studied medical classics.
Xu Dachun, also known as Daye, was born in 1693 in the 32nd year of Kangxi reign of the Qing Dynasty and died in 1771 in the 36th year of Qianlong reign. He was born in a scholarly family. My great grandfather was very erudite and rich in books. His grandfather was a scholar of erudition and erudition. He was an official in the Imperial Academy to inspect poems and compile the history of Ming Dynasty. He was a scholar of reclusive style. He worked in ancient poetry and prose all his life, and was well-known in the literary world. His father Xu yanghao, who was unsuccessful in the examination of Zhou Sima, was also a scholar. Xu Dachun grew up in such a family. It's natural that his elders hope to study and be an official, inherit their ancestors' property and make a family name. On the contrary, he became interested in Confucian classics and medicine. Later, he chose a way of learning medicine to help the world.
At the age of 14, Xu Dachun was tired of learning current prose. His teacher inspired him to say: "there is an end to the current literature, and only classics learning is endless." So he devoted himself to the study of Confucian classics, and the book of changes was the most attentive one, with hundreds of scholars involved. Finally, he made remarkable achievements in poetry, literature, calligraphy, painting, astronomy, calendar, temperament, acupuncture, arithmetic, water conservancy, especially medicine.
Xu Dachun's family is very ill, and his third brother is suffering from ruffian disease. His father has asked famous doctors to treat him. Xu Lingtai makes medicine himself, and his medical theory is a little better. However, the fourth and fifth brothers died one after another. My father was so sad and sick that he had no medicine all the year round. He deeply felt the importance of medicine, and was also angry at the low skill of quack doctors at that time, so he was angry and studied medicine. He read dozens of medical books collected at home, and read them day and night.
According to Yuan Mei's biography of Mr. Xu Lingtai, Xu Dachun founded taiyitang, a medical center outside the west gate of Gusu city in the fourth year of Qianlong's reign. Adhering to the spirit of "taiyijishi, Rende Lishen", he practiced medicine to help the world, cure diseases and save people, and benefit the people.
In the 50 years since he began to study medicine, he has read more than 1000 volumes of books and read more than 10000 volumes. According to the records of Suzhou Fu Zhi, he was poor in exploring the book of changes and was fond of reading the words of Huang, Lao and Yin Fu. There are many methods, such as Xingjing, dizhi, Jiugong, yinlv, Daojian, Jiji, gouzu and yingyue, which are not difficult to study, but the deep study of medicine.
Xu Dachun thought that reading should go from the source to the current, pursue the root of lingsu, and govern the Han and Tang tribes. First of all, it is necessary to get a good understanding of the book, and then to practice the book.
Xu Dachun emphasized "learning from the ancient", highly praised "the ancient law", and had the thought of "learning from the classics and learning from the ancient". On the contrary, he also had the spirit of "doubting the ancients" and dared to criticize the gains and losses of his predecessors. He read ancient books and persisted in the principle of "picking up the essence and picking up the fallacies". He often used the books that had been read, rewrote and annotated them, and tried to make up for their shortcomings. When he read Nanjing, he compared the original text with Neijing. After collation, he found many new meanings and pointed out many mistakes. There is a sentence in Nanjing that "the pulse of Cunkou is flat, but the dead are angry only inside." he points out that this is wrong and gives an appropriate explanation. At that time, it was popular in the medical field to inherit the treatment method of "warm tonic school" since the Ming Dynasty. The medication did not consider the patient's physique, and only took one or two warm tonic prescriptions to cure different diseases of ten thousand people, so-called "holding one controlling ten thousand". There are often nine out of ten herbs in their prescriptions, such as ginseng, aconite root, ginger, Atractylodes rhizome, velvet antler and rehmannia root. As a result, the medicine and syndrome are contradictory, killing countless people. In the face of this situation, Xu Dachun solemnly pointed out: if doctors want to diagnose the disease realistically, they must be very careful in drug use, and they must not blindly warm and tonify the earth. In his yiguanbian, he criticizes the Ming Dynasty medical expert Zhao Xian's practice of treating six and eight flavors and abolishing the classical prescriptions of the ancients. He also warned people in an article on ginseng that ginseng should never be taken as a medicine to bring the dying back to life. In the struggle against errors and prejudices, he summed up the following experience: it is advisable to examine the reasons for reading and discussing, to think carefully and to try, and not to be misled by heresy.
The two interesting cases mentioned in the biography of Mr. Xu Lingtai written by Yuan Mei, a famous writer in the Qing Dynasty, are enough to prove that Xu Dachun not only confirmed the knowledge of books in clinical practice, but also combined with practice, sorted out and improved the previous experience, and wrote more than ten valuable medical works. Among them, Nanjing interpretation, medical origin, Shennong herbal classic hundred records, yiguanbian, Lantai standard, Shanghan Lei Fang and so on. According to Wang Mengying, posterity is regarded as the golden rule. His "Lan Tai Zhen fan" and "Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing Bai Zhong Lu" are especially popular in traditional Chinese medicine. Xu Dachun's academic attitude is rigorous and meticulous, often "grinding a book" for ten years. In the preface to the interpretation of the classic of difficult diseases, he said that he had studied medicine for more than ten years, but only annotated the classic of difficult diseases, and then annotated materia medica for more than ten years, then wrote on the origin and development of medicine for more than ten years, and finally wrote Shanghan Lei Fang for five years. He was sixty-seven years old when he wrote the treatise on febrile diseases. After finishing the manuscript, he studied it for seven years.
Xu Dachun cured many patients in his life, and there was an endless stream of people seeking treatment far and near. Emperor Qianlong of that time also called him to Beijing many times for medical treatment. The last time he was summoned was when he was seventy-nine years old and couldn't afford to be sick. It was futile for him to refuse. He had to ask his son to accompany him and take a coffin with him, ready to die on the way. Sure enough, he died the third day after he arrived in Beijing. On his deathbed, he drew up a couplet for the Tomb Door: "the mountain is full of herbs and herbs, and the path is full of pines and wind.".
Personal works
Xu Lingtai Medical Encyclopedia introduces Xu's life experience, academic achievements and textual research in detail, which has great inspiration for later generations to study Xu Lingtai's academic thought. At the end of the book, there is also a "thesis title", which comprehensively extracts the thesis titles of modern scholars' research on Xu's academic thought, diagnosis and treatment experience and life writings published from 1950 to 1997, for the convenience of readers.
Xu Lingtai's medical book is a collection of Ancient Books Collation and modern research. It completely and accurately reflects Xu Lingtai's medical academic characteristics. It is a medical book with academic value. It can be used as a reference for TCM lovers.
Chinese PinYin : Xu Da Chun
Xu Dachun