Ma Dai

Ma Dai

Ma Dai, whose year of birth and death is unknown, was born in Maoling (now Xingping City, Shaanxi Province). During the Three Kingdoms period, a famous general of Shu Han Dynasty, Ma Chao's subordinate brother. In his early years, he followed Ma Chao to fight against Cao Cao, counterattacked Longshang, besieged Chengdu, and fought in Hanzhong. Later, after Zhuge Liang died of illness, he was sent by Yang Yi to kill Wei Yan, the general of Shu. He once led the army out of the Northern Expedition and was defeated by Niu Jin, the Wei general, and returned. Generals, Chen Cang Ping and Marquis Bei.

Life of the characters

In 211, Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, Ma Dai followed his cousin Ma Chao to fight against Cao Cao in Tongguan. In September, Ma Chao was defeated, and Ma Dai returned to LONGSHANG county with Ma Chao.

In September of the 18th year of Jian'an (213), Ma Dai went to Hanzhong with Ma Chao and attached himself to Zhang Lu.

In the 19th year of Jian'an (214), Zhang Lu's General Yang Bai and others were afraid of Ma Chao's talent and wanted to persecute him. Ma Dai followed Ma Chao to Shu, and Liu Bei sent people to meet Ma Chao's army. Ma Dai besieged Chengdu with Ma Chao. Liu Zhang was afraid of Ma Chao and surrendered within ten days.

After Zhuge Liang died in 234, Wei Yan and Yang Yi fought for power, and Ma Dai led the army to kill Wei Yan.

In the 13th year of Jianxing (235), Ma Dai, the general of Pingbei and Marquis of Chencang, led the troops to attack the Wei Dynasty and beat back niujin.

Historical evaluation

Ma Chao: only from di Dai, should be the successor of Weizong blood food.

Chen Gongdu: Yan rebelled because he was fighting for the coffin. Fortunately, the Marquis would have defeated Madai to punish him, otherwise the Shu desert would have been in danger.

Tomb site

The site of Madai tomb is located at the junction of juntun town and MIMU town in Xindu County, Sichuan Province. Although the tomb is not very grand, it is surrounded by green pines and cypresses, surrounded by luxuriant forests and bamboo trees, and there is no burial site. There is a stone table in front of the tomb and a stone tablet on the altar. The tablet is about two meters high. On the tablet is engraved: "the tomb of Ma Gong, the Northern General of Hanping, taboo Dai." The tomb was built on a hillside, with a height of about 3 meters. In the 1950s, lace bricks were found under the seal, on which the inscription "Tomb of Madai" was written.

In Xiangyang town (bordering Qingbaijiang River) of Guanghan City, Ma Dai stele was also found when Dajian road was built, which is now in the government courtyard.

Anecdotes and allusions

Ideograph

1. Deshan

According to the records of Xie Cheng's Houhanshu quoted in Beitang shuchao, the word "Madai" is "Deshan" (this is that Beitang shuchao mistakenly copied the name of Feng Dai as Madai, which has nothing to do with Madai).

2. Bo Zhan

The reason why the word "Ma Dai" is said by bozhanyi is that Japanese researchers of the Three Kingdoms have been studying in China

Local Chronicles

·It is found in the local records of Fufeng County, Shaanxi Province that "the name of Ma Dai is Bo Zhan Teng, who came from the son of Shu Han who was granted the title of marquis Chen canghou by the general of Pingbei, and was later named Marquis Wu".

According to "Jiangdu county annals", there is "Ma Dai Zi Bo Zhan Cheng Hua Bing Xu Jinshi." In Ganquan County annals, there is "Ma Dai Zi Bo Zhan Jiang Du Ren Cheng Hua bingxu Jinshi", and the two books seem to be earlier than Fufeng local annals, which mistakenly records Ma Dai as Ma Dai in the Three Kingdoms period.

3. Zhong Hua

The word "Zhong Hua" appeared in the period of the Republic of China. In Zhou Dahuang's novel "the romance of the Three Kingdoms" (also known as "the annals of the Three Kingdoms" and "Chao · the annals of the Three Kingdoms"), the author does not seem to have any basis for the word "Zhong Hua".

take refuge

According to Shanxi Tongzhi, Ma Dai took refuge and changed his name to Huangyan. Later he met Ma Chao and was named Ma Dai.

later generations

According to the draft of the history of the Qing Dynasty, Ma Dai's descendants lived in Lizhou, which is now located in the north of Hanyuan in Sichuan Province, and was abandoned in the Ming Dynasty. The portrait of Madai

member of family

elder

Uncle: Ma Teng was killed because Ma Chao fought against Cao.

male cousins

Ma Chao, one of the warlords at the end of Han Dynasty, was a famous general of Shuhan Dynasty. He was a general of Hushi and a Marquis of Qixiang.

Ma Xiu, who was called to Beijing as the commander of Fengche, was killed because Ma Chao fought against Cao.

Ma tie, who was called to Beijing as a riding captain, was later killed because Ma Chao fought against Cao.

Artistic image

Novel image

In the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Ma Dai makes his debut in Xuchang with Ma Teng. Later, Ma Teng and other scholars were all killed, and Ma Dai escaped disguised. Ma Chao set out to fight, and Ma Dai followed suit. He once defeated Zhong Yao in front of Tongguan. In the 19th year of Jian'an, Ma Dai followed Ma Chao to rescue Liu Zhang. He fought with Zhang Fei for more than ten years and was defeated. He immediately followed Ma Chao to surrender to Liu Bei. After Liu Chan ascended the throne, he followed the prime minister Zhuge Liang in his southern expedition to Menghuo and Northern Expedition to Cao Wei. Ma Dai, who has been through the battlefield for a long time, has a lot of hard work and is calm and brave in fighting, and is deeply trusted by Zhuge Liang. On his deathbed, Zhuge Liang ordered Ma Dai to attack Wei Yan. Ma Dai successfully completed the task.

Drama image

In Da Ping Diao and Yu opera "Shou Ma Dai" (i.e. "Dui Jin Zhuo"), Huang San Yao was captured by a woman king and married. After that, he became a "brother". It tells the story of Huang Sanyao's long journey to find his brother and his brother Ma Chao. They haven't seen each other for many years, and their surnames are different. How did they recognize each other? In the play, it is said that they have a hidden weapon "Jinzhuo", which is the ancestral "Jinzhuo" of the Ma family. When Huang Sanyao and Ma Chao in the two armies face each other with their ancestral "Jinzhuo", Huang Fang knows that Ma is his brother (the romance of the Three Kingdoms says that they are cousins). Under Zhuge Liang's urging, the brothers recognize each other. Huang Sanyao changes his name to Ma Dai, and the brothers protect Shu Han.

Film and television image