Dangxiong County, Lhasa City, Tibet Autonomous Region

Dangxiong county (Tibetan means "selected Grassland"), belonging to Tibet Autonomous Region, is located in the central part of Tibet Autonomous Region of the people's Republic of China, at the junction of southern and Northern Tibet, with an area of 10036 square kilometers (2013)

Dangxiong county has a plateau continental climate with an annual sunshine duration of 2881 hours. The annual precipitation is 481 mm. The gale above level 8 can reach 74 days per year. Up to 128 days. The main natural disasters are snow disaster, followed by wind disaster, drought disaster, insect disaster, rat disaster and so on.

From January to June 2014, the tourism revenue of Dangxiong county was 14.41 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 27.31%; the number of tourists received was 145698, a year-on-year increase of 44.61%.

In October 2018, the people's Government of Tibet Autonomous Region officially approved the withdrawal of Dangxiong county from poverty-stricken counties (regions). In October 2020, it was rated as the national model city (county) of double support.

Historical evolution

In 627 ad, Songzanganbu unified Tubo and set up five military and political regions, among which Dangxiong belonged to wuru system.

In 1260, the fourth year of raojiang Iron Monkey in the Tibetan calendar, Kublai Khan unified Tibet, and Dangxiong baicang was under the jurisdiction of Wusi (Weizang).

In 1354 ad, when the Di Si regime was established, it was set as the Eight Banners tribe of Dangxiong Mongolia, and baicang was the Diba.

In 1751 (the 16th year of Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty), the eight banners of Danmu Mongolia were put under the direct jurisdiction of the minister in Tibet.

In 1911 (the first year of the Republic of China), the Qing Dynasty perished, and the ministers stationed in Tibet were driven back to the mainland. Dangxiong area was under the jurisdiction of obazacang of sera temple, and two levels of suzerain regime was established.

From 1956 to April 1959, dangxiongzong, baicangdiba and yangbajingtou were put under the jurisdiction of Lhasa.

In September 1959, the Tibet Working Committee decided to abolish the military control commission, and the people's Government of Dangxiong county was established by the merger of Dangxiong Zong, baicangdiba and yangbajingtou.

In 1997, Dangxiong county had an area of 10036 square kilometers and a population of 35000. It has jurisdiction over 2 towns and 6 townships, and the county government has been stationed in quka town so far.

administrative division

As of 2013, Dangxiong County covers an area of 10036 square kilometers, governs 2 towns and 6 townships, and the county government is located in dangquka town.

The two towns are: Yangbajing town and dangquka town. The six townships are: namuhu Township, Gongtang Township, Ningzhong Township, Geda Township, wumatang Township and Longren township.

geographical environment

position

Dangxiong county is a pure animal husbandry County of Lhasa City, Tibet. It is located in the middle of Tibet Autonomous Region, the junction of southern Tibet and Northern Tibet, and in the north of Lhasa City, 170 km away from Lhasa city. The geographical coordinates are 90 ° 45 ′ - 91 ° 31 ′ E and 29 ° 31 ′ - 31 ° 04 ′ n.

climate

Affected by the atmospheric circulation and topography, the main characteristics of climate in Dangxiong county are: cold and dry in winter, large temperature difference between day and night; warm and humid in summer, simultaneous rain and heat, distinct dry and wet seasons, and great weather changes. The average annual temperature is 1.3 ℃, the average annual rainfall is 456.8 mm, the average annual evaporation is 1725.7 mm, the average annual sunshine hours is 2880.9 hours, the average annual total solar radiation is 187.9 kcal / cm2 per year, the average annual temperature is ≥ 0 ℃, the accumulated temperature is 1800 ℃, the frost free period is only 62 days, and the grass growth period is only 90-120 days. The average surface temperature is 5.9 ℃. There is a three-month land freezing period from November of the first year to march of the next year. The annual average wind force above level 8 reaches 17.8 days, mostly between December and March. Heavy snow, hail, frost, drought, gale and other natural disasters are frequent. It belongs to the plateau cold temperate semi-arid monsoon climate zone, cold in winter and cool in summer, with strong wind.

The annual sunshine hours are 2881 hours. The annual precipitation is 481 mm. The gale above level 8 can reach 74 days per year. Up to 128 days. The main natural disasters are snow disaster, followed by wind disaster, drought disaster, insect disaster, rat disaster and so on.

landforms

The landform of Dangxiong county is complex. The main peak of Nyainqentanglha mountains, 7111 meters above sea level, is located in Ningzhong Township under the jurisdiction of Nyainqentanglha county. The general terrain inclines from northwest to Southeast. The northeast is plateau plain, and the northwest and Southeast half of Nyainqentanglha mountains are high mountains. There is an Intermountain tectonic wide valley basin with the trend of Nyainqentanglha mountains, presenting a regular strip terrain with parallel mountains and valleys. The elevation of the basin is above 4200 meters, and the highest mountain is 7111 meters of the main peak of Nyainqentanglha, with a relative elevation difference of about 3000 meters. On the northern high plain, there is Namco, the largest lake in Tibet. The geomorphology is divided into four geomorphic units: glacial high mountains and extremely high mountains in the northwest, alpine middle mountains in the East, plateau lake basin in the north and proluvial wide valley basin in the middle.

Grassland accounts for 30% of the total area, with the highest altitude of 7200 meters and an average altitude of 4200 meters. The terrain is high in the northeast and low in the southwest.

soil

The main types of soil in Dangxiong county are alpine cold desert soil, coarse bone soil, meadow soil, alpine grassland soil, subalpine grassland soil, meadow soil and swamp soil. Among them, alpine meadow soil is the largest, largest and most important soil type in Dangxiong, accounting for 51.85% of the total soil area of Dangxiong, with 2000 hectares of artificial grassland and 6000 hectares of irrigation area.

natural resources

water resource

Water resources in Dangxiong county are composed of surface water and groundwater. The annual average surface runoff is 2.39 billion cubic meters. The lake covers an area of 76100 hectares. Namu lake has a water storage capacity of 22.809 billion cubic meters. Permanent snow reserves are 25.22 billion cubic meters. The water inflow of Yangbajing Geothermal hot spring is 1000 m3 / s. The water area of Dangxiong county is 196100 mu, and the glacier snow area is 190500 mu. The annual average surface runoff is 2.380 billion cubic meters.

mineral resources

The mineral resources in Dangxiong County include sand tin, lead and zinc, jade, kaolin, gypsum, volcanic ash, limestone, crystal stone, sulfur, peat, etc. among them, Yangbajing hot field and Yangyi hot field are the most famous. In 1980, the first 3000 kW generating unit of Yangbajing was built to generate electricity. By 1992, nine generating units were installed in Yangbajing, with a total capacity of 25182 kW and an annual generating capacity of 100 million KW It's powered by electricity. The mineral resources that have been proved and exploited include gypsum mine in Wuma township of the county with reserves of more than 100 million tons, kaolin, volcanic ash, aluminum tin, lead-zinc mine and rare metal mine dominated by copper mine.

plant resources

Cordyceps sinensis, Fritillaria, Saussurea, Rhodiola, Gentiana, ephedra, kansui, astragalus, etc. The total area of natural grassland is 693172.1 hectares, the forest land is 6661.8 hectares, and the annual fresh grass utilization is 62667.1 tons. The natural grassland of Dangxiong can be divided into 4 grassland types, 6 grassland subtypes, 15 grassland groups and 33 grassland types. The excellent grassland accounted for 68% of the available grassland in the county, and the medium quality grassland accounted for 29.2%. According to the investigation results of grassland resources in Dangxiong in 1985, the scientific carrying capacity is 491000 sheep.

population

According to the fifth census, the total population of Dangxiong county was 39169 in 2000. Among them, there are 19429 males and 19740 females. The sex ratio of the total population is 98.42:100. The registered residence population is 39209, the proportion of the minority population is 99.11%, and the proportion of non agricultural household accounts for 5.19%. In the total population, the urban population is 2562, and the rural population is 36607.

The majority of the population in Dangxiong county is Tibetan, and other nationalities are Mongolian, Hui and Han. Dangxiong county is the epitome of the whole Qiangtang grassland.

Economics

overview

In 2019, the GDP will reach 1.809 billion yuan, an increase of 7.9% over the previous year at comparable prices. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 405 million yuan, with a year-on-year increase of 6.1%; the added value of the secondary industry was 700 million yuan, with a year-on-year increase of 1.5%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 704 million yuan, with a year-on-year increase of 12.2%. Industrial structure: the proportion of the three industries in 2019 is 22.4 ∶ 38.7 ∶ 38.9.

primary industry

In 2001, the total industrial and agricultural output value of Dangxiong County reached 55.0504 million yuan, an increase of 3.18% over the same period of 2000.

In 2009, the ratio of grain to feed in Dangxiong county was adjusted to 59.5 ∶ 20.2 ∶ 20.3, and the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery reached 1.425 billion yuan. Grain output reached 170000 tons. 558 solar energy-saving greenhouses, 981 livestock greenhouses and 3 bases for cattle, sheep, pigs and milk were built. 2884 sets of agricultural machinery and 3977.97 kW of power were added, and the matching rate of agricultural machinery reached 1:2. In 2009, 156000 Mu were planted.

In August 2020, the list of "Internet plus" agricultural products in the rural pilot project counties of the Ministry of agriculture and rural areas was selected.

the secondary industry

In 2001, the total output value of animal husbandry in Dangxiong County reached 42.6448 million yuan, 5.49% higher than that in 2000; the total income of rural economy reached 111.3343 million yuan, 12.55% higher than that in 2000; the per capita income of farmers and herdsmen reached 1838.32 yuan, 10.6% higher than that in 2000.

In 2001, 2400 mu of artificial grassland and 1500 mu of grass seed breeding base were built. The commodity rate of livestock products was 61.8%. The financial revenue was 2.526 million yuan, the total output value of township enterprises was 14.5836 million yuan, and the income from diversified operation was 34.4142 million yuan.

In 2009, Dangxiong county achieved industrial sales value of 3 billion yuan, an increase of 12%, and industrial added value of 1.65 billion yuan, an increase of 9%. The tax revenue was 350 million yuan, an increase of 75%.

the service sector; the tertiary industry

From January to June 2014, the tourism revenue of Dangxiong county was 14.41 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 27

Chinese PinYin : Xi Cang Zi Zhi Qu La Sa Shi Dang Xiong Xian