Puzhou Bangzi

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Puzhou Bangzi

Applicant: Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province

Item No.: 163

Project No.: Ⅳ - 19

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: Traditional Drama

Region: Shanxi Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province

Protection unit: puju troupe of Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province

Introduction to Puzhou Bangzi

Applicant: Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province

Puzhou Bangzi was formed at the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty in Puzhou, the border area of Shanxi, Shaanxi and Henan. It was mainly popular in southern Shanxi and parts of Shaanxi, Henan, Gansu and Qinghai provinces. It is one of the ancient operas of Bangzi opera in China. It was called Luantan or Bangzi opera in the early folk, Shanshan opera in the middle Qing Dynasty, Puzhou opera in the early Republic of China and puju opera in the 1930s. There are many operas of Puzhou Bangzi, of which more than 1400 are known, among which Dou'e yuan, Xue Gang's rebellion against the dynasty, Lin Gu bed, Sha Yi and Guahua have great influence.

The main singing style of Puzhou Bangzi opera is Bangzi opera, and there are Kunqu Opera, Chui opera and folk songs. Bangziqiang belongs to banqiang, there are 7 kinds of basic banqiang, and there are more than 300 suonaqupai and Sixian Qupai. The characteristics of Puzhou Bangzi's tune are high, flat and quick, ups and downs, good at expressing generous and passionate emotions. In the process of singing, actors use both big and small voice, often appear more than ten degrees or two octaves jump, high pitched and unrestrained, full of passion. The accompaniment band can be divided into Wenchang and Wuchang. Banhu is the main instrument in Wenchang, supplemented by flute, erhu, Sanxian and erhu; Guban, Zaobang, mahuo and cymbals are the instruments in Wuchang, and gongs and drums are very rich.

Puzhou Bangzi is divided into Xusheng, Laosheng, Xiaosheng, Zhengdan, Xiaodan, laodan, dahualian, Erhualian and sanhualian. Its performing art has a long history and profound tradition. Its most distinctive characteristics are hot and unrestrained, vigorous and generous, outstretched and bright, subtle and delicate. It pays attention to workmanship and is good at using special effects to show characters. There are many difficult and highly ornamental performing skills Skillfully, there are more than 30 kinds of stunts, such as hat wing skill, beard skill, feather skill, Shaozi skill, whip skill, chair skill, fan skill, playing paper flags, color skill and so on.

In the system of bangziqiang opera, Puzhou opera is the earliest one among the four operas in Shanxi Province. It has a close relationship with Shaanxi opera. It is a living material to investigate the inheritance and evolution of Chinese local opera, and also plays an important role in the study of Shanxi local culture. Under the impact of the business tide, Puzhou Bangzi is in crisis, with a large number of audiences losing and the cast team missing. This situation needs to be reversed as soon as possible.