Yangko (Changli Yangko)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Yangko (Changli Yangko)

Applicant: Changli County, Hebei Province

Project No.: 105

Project No.: Ⅲ - 2

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: traditional dance

Region: Hebei Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Changli County, Hebei Province

Protection unit: Changli County Cultural Center

Introduction to Yangko (changlidi Yangko)

Applicant: Changli County, Hebei Province

Yangko is a kind of popular and representative folk dance in China (mainly in the North). There are different appellations and styles in different regions. In the folk, the appellation of Yangko can be divided into two kinds: those who walk on stilts are called "stilt Yangko", while those who don't walk on stilts are called "ground Yangko". In modern times, "Yangko" mostly refers to "diyangko". Yangko has a long history. Among the folk dance teams introduced by Zhou Mi in old stories of Wulin in the Southern Song Dynasty, there is a record of "cuntian music". In the Qing Dynasty, Wu Xilin's new year's miscellaneous chants, there is a clear record of the relationship between the existing Yangko and "cuntian music" in the Song Dynasty. At present, yangko dance teams are the main form of yangko dance in various places. The number of dance teams is less than ten, and more than 100. There are not only group dance, but also duet dance, three person dance and other forms of performance. According to the needs of the characters, they hold the corresponding handkerchief, umbrella, stick, drum, money whip and other props, and dance heartily with the accompaniment of percussion instruments such as gongs and drums, suona and so on. The dance methods, movements and styles of Yangko vary from place to place. Some of them are powerful and powerful, while others are soft and beautiful.

Yangko is one of the most representative folk dances in northern China. It is not only performing, but also entertaining. It is deeply loved by the common people. There have been some representative folk Yangko artists all over the country, and many folk artists have played an important role in the construction of new China's dance industry. With the rapid development of rural economy and the change of cultural environment, there are few folk artists who can master the traditional Yangko skills and pure dance style, so the protection and inheritance work needs to be carried out urgently.

Changli Yangko is one of the most representative folk dances in Hebei Province, which is distributed in Changli, Lulong, Funing, leting, Luanxian and other places. It originated in the Yuan Dynasty and has been handed down to the present.

Changlidi Yangko has distinct personality from form to content. It is divided into paijie Yangko and Changzi Yangko in form, and most of them are "Yangko comes out" except "pingyangko" has no fixed plot in content. Changli's Yangko can be divided into "Niu", "Chou", "Gongzi", each with its own characteristics. At the beginning of Changli Yangko, all walks of life were played by men. Influenced by the Mongolian culture in the role, structure and dress, the "yingzi cap" worn by the "ugly" corner in the local Yangko is developed from the Mongolian dress. Changli Yangko is closely related to the local folk songs, dances and operas. It is lively in form and rich in content. It presents the artistic characteristics of role-based and professional. It can deeply express the character and emotion of the characters and express the action intention in a rich and delicate way, which is very prominent in the folk dance. The famous Yangko operas in changlidi Yangko include fluttering butterfly, sawing VAT, Wang erxiao's rushing foot, silly pillar to pick up daughter-in-law, running donkey, etc. Changlidi yangko dance emphasizes the coordination of all parts of the body, shoulders, hips, knees, wrists twist flexible, humorous performance. Zhou school, represented by famous folk artist Zhou Guobao, Zhang school, represented by Zhang Qian and Lu school, represented by Lu Fengchun, are well-known for their respective charm. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Changli Yangko program "running donkey" participated in the World Youth Festival and won the silver medal. In 1996, Changli County was named "the hometown of Chinese folk art" by the Ministry of culture.

Changlidi Yangko is a unique form of Yangko, which reflects farmers' interest in life and dance style. It reflects part of the characteristics of agricultural society and rural life and the optimistic and humorous spirit of farmers. However, due to the rapid development of social economy and the aging of artists, the inheritance of Changli Yangko is facing a severe situation, which needs urgent rescue and protection.