Mongolian folk songs (Fuxin Dongmeng short tune folk songs)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Mongolian folk songs (Fuxin Dongmeng short tune folk songs)

Applicant: Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County, Liaoning Province

Project No.: 604

Project No.: Ⅱ - 105

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Liaoning Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County, Liaoning Province

Protection unit: cultural and sports tourism service center of Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County

Introduction to Mongolian folk songs (Fuxin Dongmeng short tune folk songs)

Applicant: Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County, Liaoning Province

Mongolian folk songs are rich in content, free in rhythm, delicate in emotion, high pitched in tune, melodious and tactful, and deep in aftertaste. It can be divided into long tune folk songs and short tune folk songs. The long tune folk songs are generally sung in Mongolian, with wide space, long breath and deep emotion. The use of vibrato is exquisite and unique, and the melody and singing style reflect the vast and rough characteristics of grassland folk songs. The short tune folk songs are mainly popular in the semi farming and semi pastoral areas where the Mongolian and Chinese live together, and are mostly sung in Chinese, with short space, neat rhythm and beat Fixed, like to use reduplication, simple lyrics, free and flexible.

Fuxin Dongmeng short tune folk songs have been produced and popular in Fuxin area of Northwest Liaoning Province for more than 300 years. Through the unremitting efforts of generations of artists, it has become a kind of music form with a wide range of social and artistic content and form. It not only retains the Mongolian music's inherent lofty and broad, bold and unconstrained style, but also brings the simple and cheerful, distinctive rhythm of farming color. At the same time, it also absorbs and draws lessons from the content of primitive religious art, showing the honest, fresh and solemn We should pay attention to solemnity.

This kind of folk song can be divided into wine song, wedding song, sacrifice song, praise song, love song and so on according to the subject matter. The lyrics adopt the typical narrative folk song form of two sections and one unit "chapter overlapping and repeating", four acts in one section, two sections overlapping and repeating, eight lines constitute a meaningful paragraph. At the same time, it uses metaphor, antithesis, exaggeration and other techniques to narrate and express feelings. The words are shallow, deep and memorable.

Most of the Eastern Mongolian short tune folk songs are composed of five notes, and the two notes "4" and "7" are rarely used. The most common modes are Yu mode and Zheng mode, followed by Gong mode, while Shang mode and Jiao mode are seldom used. Compared with the long tune folk songs, the short tune folk songs of eastern Mongolia have the characteristics of flat and smooth melody, smooth and even rhythm, distinct and neat rhythm, and are generally sung in the form of solo, duet, chorus and so on. His representative works include song of sending off relatives, song of sacrificing fire, 63, Wan Li, etc.

Fuxin Dongmeng short tune folk songs record the development history of the local Mongolian tribes in the scale of encyclopedia, reflecting the economic, political, cultural and other aspects of the situation in each historical period, which has a significant impact on the sustainable development of modern Mongolian culture. At present, the local short tune folk song artists are old, and the inheritance problem has become an urgent top priority.