Lunan five major tunes

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Lunan five major tunes

Applicant: Rizhao City, Shandong Province

Project No.: 602

Project No.: Ⅱ - 103

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Shandong Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Rizhao City, Shandong Province

Protection unit: Donggang District Cultural Center, Rizhao City

Brief introduction to Lunan five major tunes:

Applicant: Rizhao City, Shandong Province

The five tunes of "Manjianghong", "linglingdiao", "dazhongcao", "huaidiao" and "Dadiao" are commonly known as "Lunan five major Tunes". Among the five major tunes of Lunan in Shandong, tanma five major tunes and Rizhao [Manjianghong] are the most representative. Lunan five major tunes have a long history, and their origin should be the Ming and Qing minor tunes evolved from the yuan Xiaoling and Sandao.

Tan Ma five major tunes, also known as "huaidiao", "five major Tunes" and "Tan Ma Diao", are active in Tancheng County, Linyi City, Shandong Province. Centered on Tancheng town and Matou Town, they spread throughout southeastern Shandong, even to Guangrao in northern Shandong and Lianyungang in Jiangsu Province. The five major tunes of tanma include five tunes, namely, huaidiao, Dadiao, linglingdiao, Manjianghong and dahongcao. It is said that except linglingdiao, the other four tunes were introduced from Jianghuai region. Among the five tunes, there are "Wujing", "wupan", "Qiduo", "Qizan" and "bahen". Now 130 tunes have been preserved. After sorting and publishing, there are many books, such as "farming, reading, fishing and firewood", "encountering many emotions" and "grand View Garden".

Tan Ma five major tunes are mostly sung by one person, accompanied by folk orchestral instruments, porcelain plates, bowls, bamboo chopsticks, etc. From the perspective of music structure, it mainly includes "Jiaqu style" and "main melody style", and the singing form is divided into sitting singing and group singing. Tan Ma five major melody is euphemistic and gentle, the rhythm is gentle and plain, and the words are elegant and generous, which is deeply loved by the local people.

Manjianghong, which is sung in Donggang District of Rizhao City and its surrounding areas, is the first of the five major tunes in Lunan, known as "Xiqu" and "Yage". The main song consists of six parts and epilogue, which is leisurely and lyrical, classic and elegant; the clip is light and lively, with changeable rhythm and incisive emotional expression. [Manjianghong] most of them sing impromptu songs at the banquet after the fishermen come back from the sea, and the singing form is very unique. Donggang area also sings "Manjianghong" when playing with a dry boat, so it is also known as "dry boat tune". [Manjianghong] is mainly accompanied by Dongxiao, erhu, Sanxian, qianqin and other musical instruments, and its representative works include "four hopes".

Lunan five major tunes contain a lot of information about Yuan opera music, literature and the ancient economic development and business activities in the eastern part of Shandong Province. They are rare and important materials for the study of local history and culture, traditional opera and music development history. At present, there are few old artists in Tancheng, Rizhao and other places, and the five major tunes in Lunan are facing the danger of no successor, so they are in urgent need of rescue and protection.