River chant (Yellow River chant)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Jianghe Haozi (Yellow River Haozi)

Application area or unit: Henan Yellow River Affairs Bureau of Yellow River Water Conservancy Commission

Item No.: 597

Project No.: Ⅱ - 98

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Henan Province

Type: new item

Application area or unit: Henan Yellow River Affairs Bureau of Yellow River Water Conservancy Commission

Protection unit: Henan Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center

Brief introduction of Jianghe Haozi (Yellow River Haozi)

Application area or unit: Henan Yellow River Affairs Bureau of Yellow River Water Conservancy Commission

River songs refer to all kinds of songs sung by boatmen on the Yangtze River, Yellow River and its tributaries. It is very difficult to sail in the section with large water bend and complex landform, so boatmen can only pull the boat forward. The boatman's number was also enriched. According to the different sailing States, river bugles can be divided into several types, including the relaxed "launch" and the relaxed "Pingshui", as well as the highly nervous "Shangshui" and "desperate".

Since ancient times, the Yellow River has been flooded continuously. In the process of fighting against floods, in order to better cooperate, the ancestors of the Chinese nation gradually formed a sound with certain rhythm, certain rules and certain ups and downs. This is the earliest Yellow River chant. The Yellow River chant was born in the ancestor's "Hang Yu Hang Yu". After five thousand years of development and improvement, it has formed various types in the region along the Yellow River, such as emergency chant, ramming chant, boatman chant and so on. Among them, the emergency number is divided into riding number, sheep number, Xiaoguan number and flower number, which are mainly used for piling, riding, tying pillow rope and pushing pillow. There are many kinds of ramming numbers, including old number, new number, preparation number, missing number, emergency wind number, board number, Dading number, Dading number, overlapping number, two person number, etc.

The Yellow River chant has many singing methods, such as leading singing, singing in unison, etc. In the relatively slow labor, the "leading sentence" and "harmony sentence" are longer; in the more intense labor, "leading sentence" and "harmony sentence" are very short. Most of the time, "Heju" is sung after "lingju" is finished, but there are also cases where "Heju" enters before "lingju" is finished, when the two parts overlap. The intense labor and heavy load make the Yellow River chant form the characteristics of singing in the way of shouting and shouting, and the chant also continues in the yelling and singing of the Yellow River people from generation to generation.

The Yellow River, the mother river of the Chinese nation, has bred 5000 years of Chinese civilization, leaving countless precious intangible cultural heritage. The Yellow River chant is the soul of the Yellow River and the root of the Chinese nation. It plays an extremely important role in the Yellow River culture. At present, with the development of mechanization, great changes have taken place in the mode of production along the Yellow River. The development of Yellow River chant, which is related to the labor skills in the agricultural era, has stopped, and there are few inheritors. Now most of the people who master the chant are about 80 years old, and few have a clear memory. The Yellow River chant is in danger of being lost and needs to be protected.