Nanping tune

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Nanping Quzi

Applicant: Jiuzhaigou County, Sichuan Province

Item No.: 587

Project No.: Ⅱ - 88

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Sichuan Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Jiuzhaigou County, Sichuan Province

Protection unit: Jiuzhaigou Cultural Center

Introduction to Nanping tune:

Applicant: Jiuzhaigou County, Sichuan Province

Jiuzhaigou County in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan Province was originally Nanping County. It is a multi-ethnic area of Han, Tibetan, Qiang and Hui, and adjacent to Gansu Province in the northeast. According to historical records, during the reign of Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty, a large number of immigrants from Shaanxi and Gansu moved to Nanping, where Shaanxi and Gansu culture, Bashu culture and other ethnic cultures converged, forming a unique Nanping tune.

Nanping tune is sung in the local Chinese dialect. The performance is basically in the form of playing and singing. It is mainly accompanied by Nanping pipa, and is often accompanied by percussion instruments such as porcelain discs and bells.

According to its melody structure and singing style, Nanping tune can be divided into two parts: "Huaqu" and "Beigong tune". Among them, "Huaqu" is a short and concise Lyric folk song, and the representative works include "picking flowers". Its structure is mostly in the form of ballad, with solo singing, duel singing, leading the crowd and singing together. It has two singing methods of "Gao Qiang" and "Ping Diao". Gao Qiang is mostly used in male voice, while Ping Diao is suitable for both men and women. The rhythm of "huaquzi" is regular, rich and changeable. It has not only the stability of Southern minor, but also the activity and dancing of northern minor. The melody is fluent, mostly pentatonic, with strong expressive force.

"Beigong Quzi" is mainly a narrative folk song with short and medium stories. It has two kinds of structure: single Quti and couplet Quti. The way of couplet is to take a certain tune card as the beginning and end, insert other tunes in the middle, and also use different tunes to join. Libretto is mostly long and short sentences, and its style includes narration and the combination of narration and endorsement. The singing form of "Beigong Quzi" is relatively single, with only two ways of solo singing and singing in unison. The lyrics are characterized by heavy enunciation, irregular rhythm, wide range of voice, large beating range of melody and strong narration. His representative work is looking forward to the Red Army.

Nanping tune has a wide range of contents, including love, farming, historical legends and other subjects, which plays an important reference role in the study of Jiuzhaigou's history, culture and social conditions. Due to the difficulty of Nanping tune singing, there are less than three people who can master its repertoire and singing skills, so it is urgent to take protective measures.