Jiashan Tiange

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Jiashan Tiange

Applicant: Jiashan County, Zhejiang Province

Item No.: 586

Project No.: Ⅱ - 87

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Zhejiang Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Jiashan County, Zhejiang Province

Protection unit: Jiashan County Cultural Center

Introduction to Jiashan Tiange

Applicant: Jiashan County, Zhejiang Province

Jiashan County of Zhejiang Province is located in the Hangjiahu Plain of the Yangtze River Delta. The farming culture inherited from generation to generation has bred the local unique folk songs of water area. Jiashan folk song is often called "Tian Ge". It was originally called "Shan Ge" and "Tian Shan Ge". According to the records of "Shan Ge" compiled by Feng Menglong in Ming Dynasty, Jiashan Tian Ge was directly inherited from Wu Ge in Ming Dynasty. In the early 1950s, the new writers and artists called this folk song form "Tian Ge", which became a proper name. In addition to the local spread in Jiashan, jiashantian songs were also introduced into Wujiang, Jiangsu, Qingpu, Shanghai and other adjacent areas, which had a wide influence.

There are seven kinds of tunes in Jiashan Tiange, the first three are sung by one person, and the last four are sung by many people, including "Zhu tou", "Mai", "Xi Yao", "Le Shao" and "manpeng Jiao". These tunes have a common melodic feature, that is, more zigzag lines, greater ups and downs, long and bright tones. A folk song with only four sentences usually takes three to five minutes to sing. For example, if you sing a long song in the field and rotate several tunes, you can sing a long song for three to four hours. Jiashan Tiange is sung in the way of "continuous singing". First, Jia sings the first sentence of "zhutou" (notional word), then B sings "toumai" (functional word), a sings the third sentence of "zhutou" (notional word), and C sings the fourth sentence of "Ersai" (functional word). It is so continuous and fascinating.

Jiashan Tiange is based on seven character and four sentence, and uses many words to set off words, thus forming a unique sentence pattern of miscellaneous words and long words. There are no fixed restrictions on the occasions and the number of people to sing Tian Ge, which is generally relatively free. However, according to the regulations, the folk "Song class" should be composed of three, five, seven or nine people with clear division of labor. The style of Jiashan Tiange is clear and beautiful, rich in the charm of Jiangnan Water Town. It is a kind of folk song with strong personality in Jiangnan local culture.

The representative works of Jiashan Tiange include five girls, etc. Jiashan Tiange plays a special role in the study of the development and evolution of Wu Song literature and the music of Wu Song. At present, there are only more than 50 singers of Jiashan Tiange, most of them are old, and the local Tiange class is incomplete. The development and inheritance of Jiashan Tiange is in trouble, and it is urgent to strengthen its protection.