Nadam

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Nadam

Applicant: Xilingol League, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Item No.: 496

Project No.: Ⅹ - 48

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: folk customs

Region: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Type: new item

Applicant: Xilingol League, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Protection unit: Xilin Gol League Mass Art Museum

About Nadam:

Applicant: Xilingol League, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Nadam is a traditional Mongolian mass event, and the Nadam of Xilingol League is representative. Nadam originated in the early days of the establishment of the Mongolian Khanate. As early as 1206, when Genghis Khan was elected as the Mongolian Khan, a grand Nadam ceremony was held.

The Nadam conference is mostly held in July and August when the grass is lush and the cattle and sheep are fat. Both ancient and modern Nadam grand gatherings had men's "three arts" - wrestling, horse racing and archery. In addition to the men's triathlon, the contemporary Nadam convention also added some new contents, such as polo, equestrian, track and field, ball games, Wulan Muqi performance and so on. At the same time, it held material exchange meetings and commended the advanced. Today, Nadam held in Xilin Gol League has become an important activity of national fitness and mass entertainment.

Wrestling is an important event in Nadam. According to the Mongolian traditional custom, wrestlers are not limited by region and weight. They adopt elimination system, and one wrestling will win or lose. Before the competition, the elders of the group were pushed to arrange and match the athletes. After singing "wrestler song" in Mongolian long tune for three times, the wrestlers waved their arms and danced Eagles into the arena to salute the rostrum. Then, the referee gave the order. After the two sides shook hands, the competition began. The wrestlers who touched the ground above the knee were negative, and each athlete was happy There are prizes.

Every Nadam meeting will hold horse racing, archery and other activities. There are three kinds of horse racing: speed horse racing (running horse), walking horse and bumping horse. Participants are sometimes all teenagers, sometimes regardless of age, with a wide range of mass. There are two kinds of archery: static archery and riding archery. In static shooting, the shooter stands on the ground and shoots the arrow at the target after the referee gives the order, and the winner is the winner; in riding shooting, the shooter rides on the horse and shoots the arrow while the horse is running, and the winner is the winner.

Nadam has a history of nearly 800 years. It has been spread and developed in Xilinguole grassland. It is deeply loved by people of all ethnic groups and has become an important carrier of Mongolian cultural tradition. The activities of Nadam are the display of strength and beauty, the contest of physical strength and wisdom, the contest of speed and endurance, which fully show the comprehensive quality of the masses living on the grassland.

To explore, rescue and protect Nadam is of great value to the enrichment and perfection of Chinese sports history and even the world sports history.